Question 1

Switch can be used to test:
A) int constants.
B) float constants.
C) string constants.
D) all types of constants.

Accepted Answer

The switch statement in many programming languages, such as C and Java, can only be used with integral types like int, char, or enum constants, not with float or string constants.

Question 2

What will the following program segment do? int counter{1};
Do
{
Cout << counter << " ";
} while (++counter <= 10);
A) Print the numbers 1 through 11.
B) Print the numbers 1 through 10.
C) Print the numbers 1 through 9.
D) Cause a syntax error.

Accepted Answer

The program will print the numbers 1 through 10 because the do-while loop will continue as long as the condition (++counter <= 10) is true. The initial value of the counter is 1, so the loop will start by printing 1. The ++counter in the condition will increment the counter value by one in each iteration, so the loop will print 2, 3, ..., 10 before terminating. Therefore, the output will be "1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 ".

Question 3

Which of the following data types can be used to represent integers?
A) char
B) long
C) short
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

All the listed data types, char, long, and short, can represent integers. 'char' typically represents a single character but is stored as an integer value corresponding to the character's ASCII code. 'long' and 'short' are explicitly designed to store integers of different sizes.

Question 4

Which of the following is false?
A) The three expressions in the for structure are optional.
B) The initialization and increment expressions can be comma-separated lists.
C) You must declare the control variable outside of the for loop.
D) A for loop can always be used to replace a while loop, and vice versa.

Accepted Answer

The control variable of a for loop can be declared within the loop itself, making statement C false. The other statements are true regarding the flexibility and capabilities of for and while loops in programming.

Question 5

Which of the following is false?
A) There are representational errors, when precise decimal dollar amounts and interest rates are stored as doubles.
B) There are many currencies worldwide, with different conventions for thousands separators, decimal separators, currency symbols, and more.
C) C++11's long long type supports values in the range -2,147,483,647 to 2,147,483,647 as a minimum.
D) C++11's int64_t type supports the exact range -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807.

Accepted Answer

C++11's long long type actually supports values in the range -9,223,372,036,854,775,808 to 9,223,372,036,854,775,807 as a minimum, so option C is false. Option A and B are true, and option D is also true as it correctly defines the range of int64_t type.

Question 6

Float and double variables should be used:
A) To perform monetary calculations.
B) As counters.
C) To store true/false values.
D) As approximate representations of decimal numbers.

Accepted Answer

Float and double variables should be used as approximate representations of decimal numbers. They are not precise and may not be suitable for monetary calculations or storing true/false values. Integers or boolean (true/false) data types are better choices for those purposes.

Question 7

Consider the execution of the following for loop for (int x = 1; x < 5; increment) {
Cout << x + 1 << endl;
}
If the last value printed is 5, which of the following might have been used for increment?
A) x++
B) x += 1
C) ++x
D) Any of the above.

Accepted Answer

All options (A, B, C) correctly increment the value of x by 1 in each iteration of the loop, leading to the last printed value being 5 before the condition x < 5 becomes false.

Question 8

Which of the following is true?
A) You can initialize data members of a class only in the class's constructor.
B) C++11 allows you to provide a default value for a data member when you declare it in the class declaration.
C) You cannot initialize data members of a class.
D) None of the above

Accepted Answer

C++11 introduced the ability to provide a default value for a data member when declaring it in the class declaration. This is known as default member initialization. Option A is not entirely true as data members can also be initialized in the member initializer list of a constructor. Option C is incorrect as data members can be initialized. Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 9

Which of the following is correct when labeling cases in a switch structure?
A) case1:
B) Case1:
C) case 1:
D) Case 1:

Accepted Answer

In most programming languages that support switch structures, such as C, C++, and Java, the correct syntax for labeling a case within a switch statement uses the keyword `case` followed by a space and then the case value, ending with a colon. Therefore, "case 1:" is the correct format.

Question 10

Which of the following for headers is not valid?
A) for (int i{0}; i < 10; i++)
B) int i{0}; for (; i < 10; i++)
C) for (int i{0}; int j{5}; ; i++)
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

Option C is not a valid header for a loop. In a for loop, the first expression is the initialization, the second is the condition, and the third is the loop iterator. In option C, there are two initialization expressions, and no condition or loop iterator.

Question 11

Which of the following is a poor programming practice?
A) Indenting the statements in the body of each control structure.
B) Using floating-point values for counters in counter-controlled iteration.
C) Nesting multiple iteration structures.
D) Placing vertical spacing above and below control structures.

Accepted Answer

Using floating-point values for counters in counter-controlled iteration can lead to rounding errors and imprecise calculations. It's better to use integer values for counters. The other options are good programming practices.

Question 12

Which of the following is false?
A) The effects of break and continue statements can be achieved by structured programming techniques.
B) break and continue statements can make a program perform faster than with the corresponding structured techniques.
C) Many programmers feel that break and continue violate structured programming.
D) You should always try to write the fastest, smallest code possible before attempting to make it simple and correct.

Accepted Answer

Writing the fastest, smallest code possible should not always be the main goal. The focus should be on writing code that is clear, easy to understand, maintainable, and correct. This is known as writing code for readability, which is an important aspect of good coding practices.

Question 13

Which of the following does counter-controlled iteration require?
A) An initial value.
B) A condition that tests for the final value.
C) An increment or decrement by which the control variable is modified each time through the loop.
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

Counter-controlled iteration requires an initial value (A), a condition that tests for the final value (B), and an increment or decrement by which the control variable is modified each time through the loop (C). Therefore, all of the options are required for counter-controlled iteration.

Question 14

Which of the following for headers produces the values from 27 through 3, decrementing by 3?
A) for (unsigned int i{27}; i <= 3; i += 3)
B) for (unsigned int i{27}; i >= 3; i -= 3)
C) for (unsigned int i{27}; i > 3; i -= 3)
D) All of the above.

Accepted Answer

In option B, the loop starts at 27 and decrements by 3 at each iteration until it gets to 3, producing the values desired. Option A will never loop because the condition i <= 3 is false, and Option C will continue the loop with an undesired value, 0. Therefore, only option B is the correct choice.

Question 15

In a switch statement:
A) A break is required after each case.
B) Multiple actions in a case do not need to be enclosed in braces.
C) A default case is required.
D) A break is required after the default case.

Accepted Answer

In a switch statement, multiple actions in a case do not need to be enclosed in braces. Braces are optional and used for grouping, but not required.

Question 16

Which of the following is a parameterized stream manipulator used to format output?
A) setw
B) right
C) left
D) fixed

Accepted Answer

setw is a parameterized stream manipulator used to set the width of the field for the next output value.

Question 17

Which of the following is false?
A) break and continue statements alter the flow of control.
B) continue statements skip the remaining statements in current iteration of the body of the loop in which they are embedded.
C) break statements exit from the loop in which they are embedded. 
D) continue and break statements may be embedded only within iteration statements.

Accepted Answer

This statement is false. Although continue and break statements are commonly used in iteration statements (such as for and while loops), they can also be used in switch statements.

Question 18

A switch statement should be used:
A) As a single-selection structure.
B) As a double-selection structure.
C) As a multiple-selection structure.
D) To replace all if…else statements.

Accepted Answer

A switch statement should be used as a multiple-selection structure, where there are multiple cases with different actions to be taken based on a single variable or expression. It is not the best choice for single-selection or double-selection structures, and it cannot replace all if...else statements, as there are certain scenarios where if...else statements are more suitable.

Question 19

If a do…while structure is used:
A) An infinite loop cannot take place.
B) Counter-controlled iteration is not possible.
C) The body of the loop will execute at least once.
D) An off-by-one error cannot occur.

Accepted Answer

The do...while loop will always execute the body of the loop at least once, since the condition is evaluated after the first iteration. This makes it a good choice when you want to ensure that some code is executed at least once, regardless of the condition. However, an infinite loop can still occur if the condition never becomes false inside the loop, and counter-controlled iteration is possible using a counter variable inside the loop. An off-by-one error can also occur if the counter variable is not incremented or decremented correctly.

Question 20

If a variable is declared in the initialization expression of a for statement, then:
A) It is automatically reinitialized to zero once the loop is finished.
B) The scope of the variable is restricted to that for loop.
C) It retains its final value after the loop is finished.
D) It can not be used in any structures that are nested in that for structure.

Accepted Answer

When a variable is declared in the initialization expression of a for statement, its scope is restricted to that for loop only. This means that the variable is not accessible outside of the loop and will be destroyed once the loop is finished. It does not retain its final value and can be used in structures nested in the for loop.

Quiz 5: Control Statements, Logical Operators

Switch can be used to test:

What will the following program segment do? int counter{1}; Do { Cout << counter << " "; } while (++counter <= 10) ;

Which of the following data types can be used to represent integers?

Which of the following is false?

Which of the following is false?

Float and double variables should be used:

Consider the execution of the following for loop for (int x = 1; x < 5; increment) { Cout << x + 1 << endl; } If the last value printed is 5, which of the following might have been used for increment?

Which of the following is true?

Which of the following is correct when labeling cases in a switch structure?

Which of the following for headers is not valid?

Which of the following is a poor programming practice?

Which of the following is false?

Which of the following does counter-controlled iteration require?

Which of the following for headers produces the values from 27 through 3, decrementing by 3?

In a switch statement:

Which of the following is a parameterized stream manipulator used to format output?

Which of the following is false?

A switch statement should be used:

If a do…while structure is used:

If a variable is declared in the initialization expression of a for statement, then: