Question 1

Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.However,in using these,she must also be careful to ____ so that using the rewards does not backfire.

Accepted Answer

When using performance-contingent rewards, it is important to avoid making students tense about being evaluated. This can cause stress and anxiety, and may actually decrease motivation to read. Encouraging cooperation among students or having them write about what they read are not necessarily related to using performance-contingent rewards, and while avoiding competition among students may be a good idea in general, it is not directly related to the use of these rewards.

Question 2

In order to preserve intrinsic motivation and be effective,which is the best strategy for a parent to use when praising a child? Praise the child's

Accepted Answer

The answer of In order to preserve intrinsic motivation and...

Question 3

Being rewarded for completing a task,no matter how well (or poorly)it is done,is the best definition of

Accepted Answer

The answer of Being rewarded for completing a task,no matter...

Question 4

According to the authors of your text,extrinsic rewards are most likely to diminish intrinsic motivation when

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the authors of your text,extrinsic...

Question 5

According to research on the overjustification effect,why would high course grades be very unlikely to undermine intrinsic motivation to learn? Grades

Accepted Answer

Grades are based on course performance, which is linked to the student's effort and ability to understand the material, not on extrinsic rewards that could undermine their intrinsic motivation. Additionally, high course grades are generally seen as an indicator of success and mastery, which can further enhance intrinsic motivation.

Question 6

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if ____,but negative effects if ____.

Accepted Answer

Praising children for their performance can have positive effects if it makes them feel like competent, hard workers. This type of praise, called process praise, focuses on the effort and strategies the child used to achieve a goal, rather than their innate ability. This type of praise encourages children to see intelligence and skill as qualities that can be developed through hard work and effort, rather than as fixed traits.

On the other hand, praising children for their performance can have negative effects if it makes them feel like they did the activity in order to get a reward. This type of praise, called person praise, focuses on the child's innate ability or personal qualities and can lead children to see their performance as a means to an end (getting the reward), rather than as a worthwhile activity in itself.

Question 7

The two factors necessary to experience an emotion according to Schacter's two-factor theory of emotion are

Accepted Answer

According to Schacter's two-factor theory of emotion, experiencing an emotion requires both physiological arousal and an appropriate explanation or cognitive interpretation of the arousal. This theory suggests that people interpret their physiological arousal in the context of their situation, and then label the emotion that fits the situation. For example, if someone experiences a racing heart and sweaty palms while watching a horror movie, they may interpret the arousal as fear and feel scared. However, if they experienced the same physiological arousal while on a rollercoaster, they may interpret it as excitement and feel exhilarated. Thus, physiological arousal alone isn't enough to generate emotions; people also need to understand the context to label their feelings correctly.

Question 8

At the amusement park,Keon's heart begins beating rapidly and his palms begin to sweat.He reasons that since he is next in line for a ride on a roller coaster,he must be feeling exhilarated.This sequence of events in which Keon first perceives his arousal and subsequently labels it is consistent with the

Accepted Answer

The two-factor theory of emotion suggests that emotions are first based on physiological arousal and then a cognitive label is applied to that arousal. In this scenario, Keon experiences physiological arousal (rapid heart rate, sweaty palms) and then labels it as excitement because he is next in line for a roller coaster ride, which is consistent with the two-factor theory.

Question 9

All of the following except ____ are ways of giving praise that can enhance a child's intrinsic motivation.

Accepted Answer

Praising children for their effort on an easy task does not enhance their intrinsic motivation because it does not challenge them to grow and improve. It is important to praise effort on challenging tasks, make children feel competent, and acknowledge their own initiative in completing tasks to enhance intrinsic motivation.

Question 10

A coach wants to motivate his soccer team to score more often by using a reward system.Based on what you read about preserving intrinsic motivation,how is it best for him to reward his team?

Accepted Answer

Performance-contingent rewards, such as praising the team for scoring goals or acknowledging those who contribute to a goal, focus on the specific behaviors that the coach wants to encourage. This type of reward system can help enhance intrinsic motivation by increasing feelings of competence and autonomy among players. Task-contingent rewards, on the other hand, focus on completing a task regardless of the quality or effort put forth, which can decrease intrinsic motivation in the long run. Negative reinforcement and yelling can create a fear-based motivation that may not be sustainable or enjoyable for players.

Question 11

In China and Japan,parents tend to praise children ____ than they do in the U.S.because ____ .

Accepted Answer

The answer of In China and Japan,parents tend to praise...

Question 12

Reading programs that are intended to encourage children to read more by paying them to read books is an example of using

Accepted Answer

Task-contingent rewards are rewards that are given for completing a particular task, such as reading a book. These types of rewards can be effective in increasing a child's motivation to complete the task at hand, in this case reading. Paying children to read more through a reading program is an example of task-contingent rewards, as they are given a reward for completing the specific task of reading a book. Performance-contingent rewards, on the other hand, are given based on the level of performance achieved, such as receiving a reward for scoring high on a test. Negative reinforcement involves removing a negative consequence to increase a behavior, and intrinsic motivation is the motivation that comes from within oneself, rather than from external forces like rewards.

Question 13

Schachter's (1964)two-factor theory of emotion suggests that we first experience ____ and then subsequently seek to ____.

Accepted Answer

Schachter's two-factor theory of emotion suggests that we first experience physiological arousal, which is then interpreted through cognitive labeling in order to identify the appropriate emotion being experienced.

Question 14

In giving praise,parents should try to avoid ____ if they want to enhance their child's intrinsic motivation for the task.

Accepted Answer

Conveying the message that there is a fixed amount of ability that one either has or doesn't have can lead the child to believe that their success is solely based on their innate abilities and not their effort. This can undermine their intrinsic motivation as they may feel that there is no point in trying if they don't think they have the ability to succeed. Instead, praising the child for their effort and hard work can enhance their intrinsic motivation as they see that their success is a result of their own actions and not just their natural abilities.

Question 15

Because they convey information to people that they are good at an activity, ____ are not likely to reduce intrinsic interest in that activity.

Accepted Answer

Performance-contingent rewards are likely to increase or maintain intrinsic interest because they directly acknowledge the individual's skill or success in the activity, reinforcing their competence and motivation.

Question 16

According to work on cultural differences in giving praise to children,what is Manaka from Japan most likely to say to her son Shinobu when he wins a spelling bee?

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to work on cultural differences in...

Question 17

Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.To do this,she will give gold stars

Accepted Answer

The answer of Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade...

Question 18

Walt's older brother Seymour decided to give him some incentive to continue doing well in school.Seymour told Walt that for every "A" he received on his report card,he would reward him with a comic book.Seymour is offering Walt a(n) ____ reward.

Accepted Answer

Seymour's reward is contingent on Walt's performance (getting an "A"). Therefore, it is a performance-contingent reward. The other options (task-contingent, item-contingent, time-contingent) do not accurately describe the nature of the reward being offered.

Question 19

Which of the following ways of a parents' giving praise is most likely to enhance a child's intrinsic motivation?

Accepted Answer

Option D focuses on the child's effort and skill development rather than the outcome or achievement. This type of praise, which emphasizes the child's self-improvement and mastery, is more likely to enhance intrinsic motivation as it fosters a sense of competence and autonomy. In contrast, the other options highlight external evaluation and comparison with others, which may lead to a dependence on external praise and a decrease in intrinsic motivation.

Question 20

Rewards are not as likely to undermine intrinsic motivation when

Accepted Answer

Rewards that are tied to how well people perform the task in question are known as performance-contingent rewards, and they are less likely to undermine intrinsic motivation than rewards that are given regardless of performance (such as participation trophies or attendance awards). This is because performance-contingent rewards provide feedback and recognition for a job well done, which can be motivating for individuals who are already intrinsically interested in the task.

Quiz 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.However,in using these,she must also be careful to ____ so that using the rewards does not backfire.

In order to preserve intrinsic motivation and be effective,which is the best strategy for a parent to use when praising a child? Praise the child's

Being rewarded for completing a task,no matter how well (or poorly) it is done,is the best definition of

According to the authors of your text,extrinsic rewards are most likely to diminish intrinsic motivation when

According to research on the overjustification effect,why would high course grades be very unlikely to undermine intrinsic motivation to learn? Grades

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if ,but negative effects if .

The two factors necessary to experience an emotion according to Schacter's two-factor theory of emotion are

All of the following except ____ are ways of giving praise that can enhance a child's intrinsic motivation.

A coach wants to motivate his soccer team to score more often by using a reward system.Based on what you read about preserving intrinsic motivation,how is it best for him to reward his team?

In China and Japan,parents tend to praise children than they do in the U.S.because .

Reading programs that are intended to encourage children to read more by paying them to read books is an example of using

Schachter's (1964) two-factor theory of emotion suggests that we first experience and then subsequently seek to .

In giving praise,parents should try to avoid ____ if they want to enhance their child's intrinsic motivation for the task.

Because they convey information to people that they are good at an activity, ____ are not likely to reduce intrinsic interest in that activity.

According to work on cultural differences in giving praise to children,what is Manaka from Japan most likely to say to her son Shinobu when he wins a spelling bee?

Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.To do this,she will give gold stars

Walt's older brother Seymour decided to give him some incentive to continue doing well in school.Seymour told Walt that for every "A" he received on his report card,he would reward him with a comic book.Seymour is offering Walt a(n) ____ reward.

Which of the following ways of a parents' giving praise is most likely to enhance a child's intrinsic motivation?

Rewards are not as likely to undermine intrinsic motivation when

Quiz 5: The Self: Understanding Ourselves in a Social Context

Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.However,in using these,she must also be careful to ____ so that using the rewards does not backfire.

In order to preserve intrinsic motivation and be effective,which is the best strategy for a parent to use when praising a child? Praise the child's

Being rewarded for completing a task,no matter how well (or poorly) it is done,is the best definition of

According to the authors of your text,extrinsic rewards are most likely to diminish intrinsic motivation when

According to research on the overjustification effect,why would high course grades be very unlikely to undermine intrinsic motivation to learn? Grades

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if ____,but negative effects if ____.

The two factors necessary to experience an emotion according to Schacter's two-factor theory of emotion are

All of the following except ____ are ways of giving praise that can enhance a child's intrinsic motivation.

A coach wants to motivate his soccer team to score more often by using a reward system.Based on what you read about preserving intrinsic motivation,how is it best for him to reward his team?

In China and Japan,parents tend to praise children ____ than they do in the U.S.because ____ .

Reading programs that are intended to encourage children to read more by paying them to read books is an example of using

Schachter's (1964) two-factor theory of emotion suggests that we first experience ____ and then subsequently seek to ____.

In giving praise,parents should try to avoid ____ if they want to enhance their child's intrinsic motivation for the task.

Because they convey information to people that they are good at an activity, ____ are not likely to reduce intrinsic interest in that activity.

According to work on cultural differences in giving praise to children,what is Manaka from Japan most likely to say to her son Shinobu when he wins a spelling bee?

Mrs.Hill has decided to provide her first-grade students with gold stars to reward them for reading.She has decided to use performance-contingent rewards.To do this,she will give gold stars

Walt's older brother Seymour decided to give him some incentive to continue doing well in school.Seymour told Walt that for every "A" he received on his report card,he would reward him with a comic book.Seymour is offering Walt a(n) ____ reward.

Which of the following ways of a parents' giving praise is most likely to enhance a child's intrinsic motivation?

Rewards are not as likely to undermine intrinsic motivation when

Praising children for their performance has positive effects if ,but negative effects if .

In China and Japan,parents tend to praise children than they do in the U.S.because .

Schachter's (1964) two-factor theory of emotion suggests that we first experience and then subsequently seek to .