Question 1

According to the harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders, when we try to determine what is abnormal, we should consider

Accepted Answer

The harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders suggests that a behavior or mental state is abnormal if it causes harm or dysfunction to the individual and/or interferes with their ability to function in society. To determine what counts as harm or dysfunction, we should consider both scientific or evolutionary data that provides information on what is adaptive for human beings and the social values that provide the context for the behavior in question. Therefore, both choices A and B are important when determining what is abnormal according to the harmful dysfunction theory.

Question 2

The list of culture-bound syndromes first appeared in

Accepted Answer

D

Question 3

Researchers who endorse the dimensional approach to diagnosis of mental problems most often recommend that ___________ serve as the basis for the dimensions.

Accepted Answer

The five-factor model of personality is the most commonly used basis for the dimensions in the dimensional approach to diagnosis of mental problems. This model includes five broad dimensions of personality: openness to experience, conscientiousness, extraversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. Researchers believe that using these dimensions can provide a more nuanced and accurate understanding of mental health than traditional categorical diagnoses.

Question 4

DSM has always offered a ___________ approach to diagnosis.

Accepted Answer

The DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders) has traditionally used a categorical approach to diagnosis, where disorders are classified into distinct categories based on specific criteria.

Question 5

The first edition of the DSM was published in

Accepted Answer

The first edition of the DSM was published in 1952.

Question 6

The harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders was developed by

Accepted Answer

The harmful dysfunction theory of mental disorders was developed by Jerome Wakefield in 1992 as a way to distinguish between normal and abnormal behavior. It suggests that a mental disorder is a dysfunction if it causes harm to the individual or others and if it does not serve an evolutionary purpose.

Question 7

The DSM reflects a medical model of psychopathology, according to which

Accepted Answer

The DSM defines mental disorders categorically and lists specific symptoms, reflecting a medical model of psychopathology. It does not necessarily imply that each disorder is a byproduct of a medical disorder in a part of the body other than the brain or that medication is the only acceptable form of treatment.

Question 8

All editions of the DSM have been published by the

Accepted Answer

The DSM ("Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders") has been published by the American Psychiatric Association since its first edition in 1952. The other organizations listed (American Psychological Association, American Psychological Society, American Counseling Association) do not publish the DSM.

Question 9

Which of the following is true?

Accepted Answer

DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR contain the same disorders defined by the same criteria, but DSM-IV-TR includes additional text surrounding the diagnostic criteria.

Question 10

During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the primary purpose of diagnostic categories was

Accepted Answer

During the late 1800s and early 1900s, the primary purpose of diagnostic categories was the collection of statistical and census data. This data was used to better understand the prevalence and distribution of different disorders in the population as well as to track trends and changes over time.

Question 11

Minor depressive disorder

Accepted Answer

Minor depressive disorder is not listed as a full-fledged official disorder in the current DSM, but it is included as a provisional (not official) disorder in an appendix of the DSM. This means that it is recognized by clinicians as a valid diagnosis, but it has not yet been fully researched or established enough to be included in the main sections of the DSM.

Question 12

The current edition of the DSM has received numerous criticisms. Which of the following is inconsistent with these criticisms?

Accepted Answer

This statement is inconsistent with the criticisms because the current edition of the DSM has actually expanded rapidly and includes many more disorders than the original edition.

Question 13

DSM-III differed from its predecessors in significant ways, such as

Accepted Answer

DSM-III included a multi-axial system, specific diagnostic criteria, and a greater reliance on empirical data, all of which differentiated it from its predecessors.

Question 14

In recent years, researchers have offered alternatives to the categorical approach to the diagnosis of mental disorders. Specifically, the _________ approach has received significant attention, especially regarding the _________ disorders.

Accepted Answer

The dimensional approach has received significant attention, especially regarding personality disorders. This approach suggests that personality disorders exist on a continuum or spectrum rather than as distinct categories, which contrasts with the traditional categorical approach used in diagnostic manuals like the DSM.

Question 15

According to the current DSM, there are 9 possible symptoms of a depressive episode. To be diagnosed with minor depressive disorder, a client would need to exhibit at least _____ of these symptoms.

Accepted Answer

The answer of According to the current DSM, there are...

Question 16

Essentially, a categorical approach to diagnosis of mental disorders suggests that an individual

Accepted Answer

A categorical approach to diagnosis of mental disorders suggests that an individual either has a particular disorder or does not have it. This approach is based on the assumption that mental disorders are discrete entities that can be defined by specific criteria and are separate from other disorders.

Question 17

DSM-I and DSM-II

Accepted Answer

DSM-I and DSM-II were both heavily influenced by the psychoanalytic perspective and did not include a comprehensive list of symptoms or criteria for each disorder.

Question 18

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Accepted Answer

Premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD) is listed as a provisional disorder, or a "criteria set for further study," in the current DSM-5. PMDD was not an official disorder in the original edition of the DSM, but was added later. It is also not a subtype of bipolar disorder, and appeared in both DSM-IV and DSM-IV-TR.

Question 19

Emil Kraepelin was a pioneer of the diagnosis of mental disorders. Among the categories he identified were ________, which is similar to the current label of bipolar disorder, and ________ which is similar to the current label of schizophrenia.

Accepted Answer

Emil Kraepelin identified manic-depressive psychosis, which is similar to bipolar disorder, and dementia praecox, which is similar to schizophrenia. Option B is incorrect because anxiety neurosis and disorderly thought psychosis are not categories identified by Kraepelin. Option C is incorrect because separation disorder is not a category identified by Kraepelin, and dementia praecox is already included in option A. Option D is incorrect because Kraepelin did identify categories of mental disorders.

Question 20

DSM-III was published in

Accepted Answer

DSM-III was published in 1980.

Quiz 7: In Touch With the Gods: Apollos Oracle at Delphi