Question 1

Jasmine would like to conduct an interview in a way that would provide her with the greatest amount of data possible. Which type of format should she use?
A) face-to-face
B) email
C) instant message
D) telephone

Accepted Answer

Face-to-face interviews provide the greatest amount of data possible as it allows for nonverbal communication, body language, and tone of voice to be observed and analyzed. This type of interview also allows for follow-up questions and clarifications to be made in real-time.

Question 2

With an unstructured interview, researchers have to worry about:
A) being too restrictive.
B) too much rapport.
C) uninformative tangents.
D) a limited scope of topics that may omit important details.

Accepted Answer

Unstructured interviews allow for more freedom in the discussion, but this can result in uninformative tangents or the discussion straying from the intended topic. The other answer choices are not as relevant to the potential drawbacks of an unstructured interview.

Question 3

For which interview format does the researcher prepare specific questions prior to the interview and ask them in a fixed order?
A) structured
B) unstructured
C) semi-unstructured
D) semi-structured

Accepted Answer

In a structured interview format, the researcher prepares specific questions prior to the interview and asks them in a fixed order.

Question 4

When conducting an interview, researchers need to do each of the following, EXCEPT:
A) identify potential participants.
B) randomly assign participants to conditions.
C) determine the questions to be asked.
D) establish a question order.

Accepted Answer

Randomly assigning participants to conditions is not necessary or applicable to interviews, as interviews involve gathering information from participants rather than manipulating their conditions. The other answer choices (identifying potential participants, determining questions to be asked, and establishing a question order) are all necessary steps in conducting an interview.

Question 5

A quantitative researchers would be most likely to use _____ interviews, whereas qualitative researchers are more likely to use _____ interviews.
A) unstructured; semi-structured
B) structured; semi-structured
C) semi-structured; unstructured
D) unstructured; structured

Accepted Answer

Quantitative researchers rely on structured interviews to collect and analyze numerical data, whereas qualitative researchers use semi-structured interviews to collect open-ended, rich, and detailed data.

Question 6

To prevent interviewee fatigue, interviews should be no longer than:
A) 15 minutes.
B) 30 minutes.
C) 60 minutes.
D) 120 minutes.

Accepted Answer

Interviews should ideally be no longer than 60 minutes to maintain the interviewee's attention and prevent fatigue, ensuring the conversation remains productive and focused.

Question 7

Gloria is studying adjustment to parental divorce. During an interview, she asks each of her participants to focus specifically on the moment they learned that their parents were divorcing. Gloria is using:
A) triangulation.
B) critical incident technique.
C) reflexivity.
D) a phenomenological approach.

Accepted Answer

Gloria is using the critical incident technique, which specifically asks participants to focus on a specific event or incident (in this case, the moment they learned their parents were divorcing). The other options (triangulation, reflexivity, and phenomenological approach) do not necessarily apply to this specific methodology.

Question 8

Structured is to unstructured as:
A) conversation is to in-depth.
B) conversation is to frequently asked questions.
C) question-and-answer session is to conversation.
D) question-and-answer session is to frequently asked questions.

Accepted Answer

A structured format like a question-and-answer session is organized and follows a specific pattern, while a conversation is more free-flowing and unstructured.

Question 9

A(n) _____ case study seeks to outline the potential outcomes of an intervention.
A) descriptive
B) intrinsic
C) explanatory
D) exploratory

Accepted Answer

An exploratory case study is designed to explore areas that are not well-defined or understood, often used to identify research questions or procedures for large-scale research. It can outline potential outcomes of an intervention when the intervention's effects are not yet clear.

Question 10

For which of the following research designs will the interviewer play the most central role in the study?
A) an interview
B) an experiment
C) a survey
D) a focus group

Accepted Answer

In an interview, the interviewer plays a central role in asking questions, probing for more information, and guiding the conversation. The interviewer's skills and qualities can greatly impact the quality and outcomes of the study.

Question 11

A critical incident technique is when researchers:
A) purposefully have the interviewee focus on a key event or specific behavior.
B) develop a theory by exploring a topic using information provided from the participant's direct experiences.
C) test preconceptions and previously established theories with collected data.
D) use multiple techniques to assess the same information.

Accepted Answer

A critical incident technique is a method used in research interviews where the interviewer asks the interviewee to focus on a specific event or behavior that occurred in the past. This allows for more detailed and focused data to be collected on a particular aspect of the participant's experience. The other options listed (B, C, and D) describe different research methodologies and are not specific to the critical incident technique.

Question 12

Which of the following is an interview type?
A) top-down
B) bottom-up
C) mixed methods
D) semi-structured

Accepted Answer

Semi-structured is an interview type, whereas top-down and bottom-up refer to decision-making approaches and mixed methods refers to a research design that combines qualitative and quantitative methods.

Question 13

_____ is an interview approach in which the researcher preplans some questions and remains flexible on other questions.
A) Structured
B) Unstructured
C) Semi-unstructured
D) Semi-structured

Accepted Answer

Semi-structured interviews allow for some pre-planned questions but also allow for flexibility to explore other topics that may arise during the interview.

Question 14

Which of the following is NOT a type of case study?
A) descriptive
B) intrinsic
C) focus group
D) explanatory

Accepted Answer

Focus group is not a type of case study. It is a research method used to gather data from a small group of individuals through a facilitated discussion. The other options are all types of case studies. Descriptive case studies provide a detailed description of a particular person, group, or situation. Intrinsic case studies focus on understanding the case itself, without necessarily seeking to generalize to other cases or contexts. Explanatory case studies aim to explain causal relationships by examining the factors that contribute to a particular outcome.

Question 15

Quantitative is to qualitative as:
A) unstructured is to structured.
B) semistructured is to structured.
C) unstructured is to semistructured.
D) structured is to unstructured.

Accepted Answer

Quantitative research involves structured data collection and analysis methods, while qualitative research involves unstructured data collection and analysis methods. Therefore, the opposite of these terms would be structured (for quantitative) and unstructured (for qualitative).

Question 16

Allison is conducting an interview where she is planning on "winging it" by making up questions as the topics present themselves. Ashley, on the other hand, has a set list of questions and a prepared order of presentation that she intends to use. Allison is using a(n) _____ interview and Ashley is using a(n) _____ interview.
A) unstructured; semi-structured
B) structured; unstructured
C) semi-structured; unstructured
D) unstructured; structured

Accepted Answer

Allison is conducting an unstructured interview as she is making up questions on the spot as the topics arise. Ashley, on the other hand, has a set list of questions and a prepared order of presentation, indicating a structured interview. Therefore, the best answer is D) unstructured; structured.

Question 17

A(n) _____ case study is used when a researcher has a direct interest in a particular unique case, whereas a(n) _____ case study compares multiple cases.
A) collective; descriptive
B) descriptive; exploratory
C) exploratory; intrinsic
D) intrinsic; collective

Accepted Answer

An intrinsic case study is used when a researcher has a direct interest in a particular unique case, whereas a collective case study compares multiple cases. Therefore, option D is the correct answer. Options A, B, and C do not accurately describe the distinction between these types of case studies.

Question 18

Freud was a proponent of _____, as he believed that a therapist needed an extended amount of time with each client to thoroughly understand the hidden aspects of a patient's unconscious.
A) case studies
B) focus groups
C) research studies
D) the phenomenological approach

Accepted Answer

Freud's method of psychoanalysis relied heavily on detailed case studies, which allowed him to carefully examine a patient's experience, thoughts, and feelings. He believed that this approach was necessary to uncover the hidden meanings and unconscious conflicts that underlie many psychological issues.

Question 19

Good interviews include:
A) long questions that provoke short answers.
B) rhetorical questions.
C) preconceived notions by the interviewer to guide conversation.
D) short questions that provoke long answers.

Accepted Answer

Short questions that provoke long answers are the best choices for interviews. This allows for the interviewee to elaborate and provide more detailed and informative answers, which can make for a more interesting and engaging interview. Long questions that provoke short answers or preconceived notions by the interviewer can limit the conversation and may not allow for the interviewee to fully express their thoughts and ideas. Rhetorical questions are not ideal for interviews as they do not allow for a response from the interviewee.

Question 20

An instrumental case study is designed to:
A) compare multiple case studies.
B) serve a specific purpose.
C) provide an explanation as to why an intervention produced a certain outcome.
D) seek information about how an intervention operates in the real world.

Accepted Answer

An instrumental case study is designed to serve a specific purpose, typically in order to gain insight into how an intervention operates in the real world. It may involve a single case or multiple cases, but its focus is on achieving a particular objective or answering a specific research question. While it may provide some explanation for why an intervention produced a certain outcome, this is not its primary purpose.

Quiz 5: Qualitative Research: Getting Into the Mind of a Serial Killer

Jasmine would like to conduct an interview in a way that would provide her with the greatest amount of data possible. Which type of format should she use?

With an unstructured interview, researchers have to worry about:

For which interview format does the researcher prepare specific questions prior to the interview and ask them in a fixed order?

When conducting an interview, researchers need to do each of the following, EXCEPT:

A quantitative researchers would be most likely to use _ interviews, whereas qualitative researchers are more likely to use _ interviews.

To prevent interviewee fatigue, interviews should be no longer than:

Gloria is studying adjustment to parental divorce. During an interview, she asks each of her participants to focus specifically on the moment they learned that their parents were divorcing. Gloria is using:

Structured is to unstructured as:

A(n) _____ case study seeks to outline the potential outcomes of an intervention.

For which of the following research designs will the interviewer play the most central role in the study?

A critical incident technique is when researchers:

Which of the following is an interview type?

_____ is an interview approach in which the researcher preplans some questions and remains flexible on other questions.

Which of the following is NOT a type of case study?

Quantitative is to qualitative as:

A(n) _ case study is used when a researcher has a direct interest in a particular unique case, whereas a(n) _ case study compares multiple cases.

Freud was a proponent of _____, as he believed that a therapist needed an extended amount of time with each client to thoroughly understand the hidden aspects of a patient's unconscious.

Good interviews include:

An instrumental case study is designed to: