Question 1

Oberlin is participating in a psychology study in which he has to press a red button whenever he sees a circle on the computer screen and a green button whenever he sees a square.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Accepted Answer

This study is measuring choice reaction time because Oberlin has to choose between pressing different buttons based on the shape he sees.

Question 2

Jane is taking the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS).Afterward,Jane says that she liked creating stories from different pictures and re-creating patterns with blocks.It appears that Jane enjoyed the ________ scales of the test.

Accepted Answer

Creating stories from pictures and recreating patterns with blocks are activities that are typically associated with the performance scales of the WAIS, which measure nonverbal abilities such as visual-spatial skills, perceptual reasoning, and processing speed. Verbal scales, on the other hand, assess skills such as vocabulary, comprehension, and verbal reasoning. Fluid and crystallized intelligence are broader constructs that are not specific to any particular scale on the WAIS.

Question 3

The SAT is a psychometric test,which means that it is

Accepted Answer

The question defines the SAT as a standardized test, which is administered the same way for all students and scored objectively. Therefore, the best choice is D. Choices A and B are both partially correct but do not fully encompass what the SAT is. Choice C is incorrect as the SAT is both valid and reliable.

Question 4

Shara is participating in a psychology study in which she has to press a button as fast as possible whenever she sees a circle on the computer screen.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Accepted Answer

The study is measuring simple reaction time as there is only one stimulus (circle) and one response (pressing a button) required. Choice reaction time involves multiple stimuli and corresponding responses, while complex reaction time involves stimuli that require multiple responses and decision-making processes. Basic reaction time is not a commonly used term in psychology studies.

Question 5

Stella takes an Advanced Placement English Literature test,which is designed to assess what knowledge and skills she has learned in that subject.Stella is taking a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

Achievement tests are designed to assess what knowledge and skills a person has learned in a specific subject area, which matches the description of the Advanced Placement English Literature test Stella is taking.

Question 6

The type of reaction-time task that is most strongly related to intelligence test scores is the ________ reaction-time task.

Accepted Answer

Choice reaction-time tasks, where an individual must make a decision between multiple options, have been found to have a stronger correlation with intelligence test scores compared to simple or basic reaction-time tasks, which typically require a response to a single stimulus.

Question 7

Which finding is the best evidence that genetics plays an important role in determining intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Identical twins raised apart have more similar IQs than siblings raised together because they share nearly 100% of their DNA. This suggests that genetics plays an important role in determining intelligence.

Question 8

The Law School Admissions Test (LSAT)measures logical thinking ability and predicts students' success in law school.Based on this you know that the LSAT is a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

An aptitude test is designed to measure a person's potential to learn and perform well in a specific area, which is exactly what the LSAT does by measuring logical thinking ability and predicting success in law school. A general intelligence test would measure overall cognitive abilities, while an achievement test would measure what a person has already learned or accomplished. The LSAT is standardized, but this term is not as closely related to the purpose and content of the test as the term aptitude.

Question 9

Corbin,who is 10 years old,took a test that shows he has a mental age of 15.What can be concluded from this information?

Accepted Answer

Corbin's mental age of 15 suggests that he has performed as well as or better than the average 15-year-old on the test. Therefore, he can be considered to be more intelligent than other 10-year-olds.

Question 10

Margo is very good at learning to do new things quickly and flexibly.Margo is most likely considered to be ________ intelligence.

Accepted Answer

Fluid intelligence refers to the ability to learn new things quickly, solve problems, and adapt to new situations. In contrast, crystallized intelligence refers to accumulated knowledge and skills. Based on the given information, Margo is described as being good at learning new things quickly and flexibly, which aligns with high fluid intelligence.

Question 11

Kelly,a 30-year-old,took a modern IQ test and got an IQ score of 90.Based on this information,we can assume that Kelly

Accepted Answer

An IQ score of 90 is slightly below the average score of 100, so we can assume that Kelly scored slightly below average on the test. Option A can be eliminated because mental age is not the same as chronological age, and we do not have enough information to determine Kelly's mental age. Option C and D can be eliminated because a score of 90 is not considered "above average" or "gifted."

Question 12

The final exam for your psychology class is a(n)________ test.

Accepted Answer

The final exam for a psychology class is an achievement test because it measures knowledge and skills learned in the course, assessing students' mastery of the material covered in the class.

Question 13

Every morning,my bathroom scale tells me that I weigh 120 pounds.However,when I go to the doctor's office,the very accurate professional scale says I weigh 130 pounds.My bathroom scale has ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

The bathroom scale consistently shows the same weight (high reliability) but it is not accurate (low validity).

Question 14

Which of the following questions best summarizes the current approach to the role of nature and nurture in intelligence?

Accepted Answer

The question acknowledges that both nature (genes) and nurture (environment) play a role in intelligence. Therefore, D which asks how each factor contributes to intelligence is the best choice as it recognizes the importance of both factors. A and B are too narrow in their focus, only considering one factor as the primary determinant. C is too broad as it includes any factors that influence intelligence, not just nature and nurture.

Question 15

An intelligence test that includes a verbal scale and a performance scale is the

Accepted Answer

The Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale (WAIS) includes both a verbal scale and a performance scale. The Binet-Simon Scale and the Stanford-Binet test were earlier intelligence tests that did not include a performance scale. The ACT test is a standardized test used for college admissions and does not measure general intelligence.

Question 16

Peter is a 4-year-old who can already read and has the vocabulary of a 10-year-old.His parents also love to read,so his house is filled with books.What is the most reasonable conclusion about the source of Peter's high intelligence?

Accepted Answer

Peter's high intelligence is likely the result of both genetic factors and environmental factors. While he may have inherited genes for high intelligence from his parents, the stimulating environment provided by his parents' love for reading would have also played a significant role in developing his intelligence.

Question 17

Joe has an incredible ability to memorize whatever he reads in a book,and also can recite all the cities in the United States alphabetically.However,he has difficulty doing simple tasks like taking the bus.Joe most likely

Accepted Answer

Joe's exceptional ability in certain areas (memorization and recitation) combined with difficulty in other areas (simple tasks like taking the bus) is a common characteristic of savant syndrome. Therefore, it is likely that Joe is a savant. None of the other options adequately explain his abilities and difficulties.

Question 18

Typically,scores on intelligence tests are closely related to ________ memory.

Accepted Answer

Intelligence tests typically measure an individual's ability to solve problems, reason, and think abstractly. This involves the use of working memory, which is the ability to temporarily hold and manipulate information in the mind. Working memory is closely related to overall intelligence and has been shown to be a strong predictor of performance on intelligence tests. Therefore, choice C) working memory is the best choice to complete the sentence.

Question 19

Demi is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 12.Demi's intelligence quotient (IQ)is

Accepted Answer

Demi's mental age is 12, which is above the average mental age for a 10-year-old. To calculate her IQ, we divide her mental age (12) by her actual chronological age (10) and multiply by 100.

IQ = (mental age/chronological age) x 100
IQ = (12/10) x 100
IQ = 120

Therefore, her IQ is 120, which is above average.

Question 20

Seven-year-old Tarun is baking cookies for the first time.He does not know what a tablespoon is,so every time the recipe says to use a tablespoon,he uses a teaspoon instead.Tarun's system of measurement has ________ and ________.

Accepted Answer

Tarun's system has low validity because he is not using the correct measurement (teaspoon instead of tablespoon), but it has high reliability because he consistently uses the same incorrect measurement each time.

Quiz 8: Thinking and Intelligence

Oberlin is participating in a psychology study in which he has to press a red button whenever he sees a circle on the computer screen and a green button whenever he sees a square.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Jane is taking the Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scales (WAIS) .Afterward,Jane says that she liked creating stories from different pictures and re-creating patterns with blocks.It appears that Jane enjoyed the ________ scales of the test.

The SAT is a psychometric test,which means that it is

Shara is participating in a psychology study in which she has to press a button as fast as possible whenever she sees a circle on the computer screen.This study is measuring ________ reaction time.

Stella takes an Advanced Placement English Literature test,which is designed to assess what knowledge and skills she has learned in that subject.Stella is taking a(n) ________ test.

The type of reaction-time task that is most strongly related to intelligence test scores is the ________ reaction-time task.

Which finding is the best evidence that genetics plays an important role in determining intelligence?

The Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) measures logical thinking ability and predicts students' success in law school.Based on this you know that the LSAT is a(n) ________ test.

Corbin,who is 10 years old,took a test that shows he has a mental age of 15.What can be concluded from this information?

Margo is very good at learning to do new things quickly and flexibly.Margo is most likely considered to be ________ intelligence.

Kelly,a 30-year-old,took a modern IQ test and got an IQ score of 90.Based on this information,we can assume that Kelly

The final exam for your psychology class is a(n) ________ test.

Every morning,my bathroom scale tells me that I weigh 120 pounds.However,when I go to the doctor's office,the very accurate professional scale says I weigh 130 pounds.My bathroom scale has and .

Which of the following questions best summarizes the current approach to the role of nature and nurture in intelligence?

An intelligence test that includes a verbal scale and a performance scale is the

Peter is a 4-year-old who can already read and has the vocabulary of a 10-year-old.His parents also love to read,so his house is filled with books.What is the most reasonable conclusion about the source of Peter's high intelligence?

Joe has an incredible ability to memorize whatever he reads in a book,and also can recite all the cities in the United States alphabetically.However,he has difficulty doing simple tasks like taking the bus.Joe most likely

Typically,scores on intelligence tests are closely related to ________ memory.

Demi is a 10-year-old with a mental age of 12.Demi's intelligence quotient (IQ) is

Seven-year-old Tarun is baking cookies for the first time.He does not know what a tablespoon is,so every time the recipe says to use a tablespoon,he uses a teaspoon instead.Tarun's system of measurement has and .