Question 1

Which of the following is NOT considered a nonmodifiable risk factor?

Accepted Answer

Nonmodifiable risk factors are factors that cannot be changed or controlled, such as age, gender, and race. Diabetes, on the other hand, is a modifiable risk factor because it can be controlled through various means such as lifestyle changes and medications.

Question 2

Why is it important to consider nonmodifiable risk factors if you cannot change them?

Accepted Answer

Nonmodifiable risk factors such as genetics and age can still impact treatment decisions and prognosis. Understanding these factors can help the clinician develop a more personalized treatment plan and provide appropriate recommendations to the patient, such as more frequent periodontal maintenance visits.

Question 3

Patients may not think that it is important to reveal some diseases because they do not know the connection to the oral cavity.Which of the following may compromise dental treatment and prognosis?

Accepted Answer

All of the choices listed can compromise dental treatment and prognosis. Autoimmune diseases can affect oral health and may require special precautions during dental treatment. Organ transplant recipients may require antibiotics before dental procedures to prevent infection. Chemotherapy can cause oral complications such as mucositis and require careful monitoring and management by dental professionals. Therefore, it is important for patients to disclose any relevant medical conditions to their dental provider.

Question 4

Why is it important for the patient to provide accurate and detailed information about his or her medical and dental history?

Accepted Answer

Providing accurate and detailed information about medical and dental history is important because it helps identify potential risks that will need to be addressed prior to developing a treatment plan. It allows the dental hygienist to make informed decisions regarding patient care and the selection of appropriate treatment strategies. Without this information, the dental hygienist may be unaware of existing medical conditions or medications that could impact treatment outcomes and patient safety.

Question 5

Prevalence is the number of cases of a disease or condition per population at risk at a particular point in time.Incidence is the number of new cases of a disease or condition over a specified period of time.

Accepted Answer

Both statements accurately define prevalence and incidence. Prevalence refers to the total number of individuals in a population who have a specific disease or condition at a given point in time, while incidence refers to the rate of new cases of a disease or condition in a specific population over a specified period of time.

Question 6

Why is osteoporosis considered a potential risk factor for periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

Osteoporosis and periodontal disease both involve the resorption of bone tissue. Osteoporosis is characterized by a loss of bone density, and periodontal disease involves the breakdown of bone tissue that holds teeth in place. Individuals with osteoporosis may have weakened jaw bones, which can make them more susceptible to periodontal disease.

Question 7

Which of the following is NOT an example of a risk indicator?

Accepted Answer

Tobacco habit is a behavior or lifestyle choice, not an inherent characteristic like age, sex, or race, which are typically considered risk indicators.

Question 8

Longitudinal studies provide information about prevalence.Cross-sectional studies assess incidence of a particular disease.

Accepted Answer

Longitudinal studies are designed to assess the incidence and natural history of a disease by following up with subjects over time, while cross-sectional studies provide a snapshot of the prevalence of a disease or condition at a single point in time.

Question 9

Bleeding alone is not a predictor of periodontal breakdown or future attachment loss.Bleeding in conjunction with other clinical signs of breakdown,such as increased attachment loss or pocket depth,does show a potential for continued periodontal destruction.

Accepted Answer

Bleeding on probing alone is not a definitive predictor of periodontal disease progression, but when combined with other signs such as increased attachment loss or pocket depth, it indicates a higher risk of ongoing periodontal damage.

Question 10

Which of the following is NOT a clinical finding in smokers?

Accepted Answer

Smokers have a higher risk of tooth loss due to periodontal disease. Therefore, decreased tooth loss is not a clinical finding in smokers. However, greater alveolar bone loss, deeper periodontal pockets, and increased furcation involvement are all common clinical findings in smokers.

Question 11

Kaposi sarcoma is associated with which disease?

Accepted Answer

Kaposi sarcoma is most commonly associated with HIV/AIDS. It is caused by a virus known as human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8) that is often found in individuals with weakened immune systems, such as those with HIV/AIDS. While Kaposi sarcoma can occur in individuals without HIV/AIDS, it is much rarer in this population.

Question 12

Only patients 18 years and older should be screened for tobacco use.Children and adolescents who begin smoking or are exposed to second-hand smoke are not at risk for periodontal disease since their immune systems are stronger.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Only patients 18 years and older should...

Question 13

Children and adolescents with a high consumption of soft drinks,juice,and other sweetened beverages are at risk for enamel erosion and caries.Children who have higher milk consumptions have a higher tendency for decay compared to children who consume high amounts of juice.

Accepted Answer

The first statement is true because high consumption of sugary beverages can indeed lead to enamel erosion and caries due to the sugar content and acidity. The second statement is false because typically, milk consumption is associated with better dental health compared to high sugar content in juices, which can contribute to decay.

Question 14

What risk factors may impact the timing of periodontal therapy?

Accepted Answer

Uncontrolled diabetes can impair the body's ability to heal and increase the risk of infection, which can impact the timing of periodontal therapy. It may be best to consult the physician and postpone therapy until the condition is under control. It is also important to consider other risk factors such as smoking before providing periodontal therapy.

Question 15

Is it worth recommending a smoking cessation program if the patient has been smoking for more than 20 years?

Accepted Answer

Even if the patient has been smoking for more than 20 years, quitting smoking can still have significant positive effects on their overall health and periodontal health in particular. Studies have shown that people who quit smoking can have improved outcomes with periodontal therapy. Therefore, it is still worth recommending a smoking cessation program to the patient.

Question 16

Which local conditions increase the risk for oral disease?

Accepted Answer

All of the listed conditions can increase the risk for oral disease. Open margins between tooth and restorative material can lead to bacterial accumulation and decay, temporary anchor devices and orthodontic appliances can trap food particles and make cleaning more difficult, and retained cement around a crown or implant can cause inflammation and infection.

Question 17

Which question(s)will help the dental team make a decision about purchasing a new device or tool for measuring the patient's risk for disease?

Accepted Answer

All of the above questions are important considerations when making a decision about purchasing a new device or tool for measuring the patient's risk for disease. The dental team will need to evaluate whether the device will impact diagnosis or treatment, whether research supports its validity and accuracy, and whether it is cost effective and easy to use before making a final decision.

Question 18

Why is the relationship between obesity and periodontal disease under investigation in clinical studies?

Accepted Answer

Obesity is known to increase the inflammatory burden in the body, and periodontal disease is an inflammatory disease. Therefore, it is important to investigate the relationship between obesity and periodontal disease in clinical studies.

Question 19

Which of the following is NOT a putative pathogen bacteria associated with periodontal disease?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 20

Which of the following statements in regard to the prevalence of oral cancer is NOT true?

Accepted Answer

Women actually have a slightly lower rate of oral cancer compared to men. The other statements are true, with A and C being risk factors and D being a known association with oral cancer.

Quiz 17: Risk Assessment