Question 1

Each compartment of the body has a water-fluid distribution movement of its own.These fluids move and distribute themselves among these compartments via a process known as:

Accepted Answer

The intracellular and extracellular compartments contain water and dissolved substances.The water filters back and forth as needed to maintain homeostasis via osmolarity.

Question 2

The nurse explains that fluids carrying nutrients and wastes on a random basis throughout the body are carried primarily by:

Accepted Answer

The blood and lymph are the main media for trAnswerporting nutrients and wastes in the body.

Question 3

When the nurse hangs an IV bag with Na⁺,K^+,and Cl^-,he or she is aware that ________ are being administered.

Accepted Answer

Sodium,K⁺,and chlorides are electrolytes.

Question 4

A patient has renal damage because of diabetes,which places the patient at risk for:

Accepted Answer

When the renal system cannot rid the body of enough K⁺,this electrolyte builds up and a condition called hyperkalemia develops.

Question 5

The licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN)is preparing to add a new IV of 5% dextrose in water (D₅W)with potassium (K⁺)to an existing line.The LPN/LVN notices that only 25 ml of urine has been collected over the last hour.The LPN/LVN's best intervention is to:

Accepted Answer

The low urine output will allow K⁺ to build up to a hazardous level.K⁺ administration is dependent on adequate urine output.LVN/LPNs are required to report problematic findings to an RN.

Question 6

The nurse clarifies that electrolytes,such as sodium and potassium (K+),break down into smaller particles when dissolved and are called:

Accepted Answer

Electrolytes dissolved in water are called ions.

Question 7

The K? laboratory report shows a level of 5.2 mEq/L.The nurse will assess the patient closely for:

Accepted Answer

Arrhythmias can be triggered by hyperkalemia.

Question 8

The patient's intravenous (IV)injection has been infusing at a very high rate,and now the patient appears to be in fluid volume overload,as indicated by:

Accepted Answer

An IV infusing at a high rate is used to increase intravascular fluid volume,but there is an equalization level,after which the patient goes into fluid overload; this results in pulmonary edema.

Question 9

Because the patient with metabolic acidosis is hyperventilating,the nurse should closely monitor for the compensatory condition of:

Accepted Answer

When in metabolic acidosis,the body attempts to compensate by increasing respirations and creating respiratory alkalosis.

Question 10

When the water absorption in the renal tubules becomes greater than normal,the nurse anticipates that the urine will become:

Accepted Answer

When more water is kept back in the body,the water left to form urine is less; therefore the urine is more concentrated.

Question 11

The nurse explains that when oxygen is directed out of the arteries and into the capillaries,this process is called:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion is the movement from areas of higher concentration to areas of lower concentration.

Question 12

A small child is hospitalized with severe metabolic acidosis after ingesting a whole bottle of baby aspirin approximately 8 hours earlier.The emphasis of the nursing care for this patient is reassuring the patient and:

Accepted Answer

The baby aspirin was ingested too long ago to have vomiting or stomach aspiration be of any use.The child requires frequent assessment of neurologic function because he or she may need mechanical ventilation.

Question 13

Both the intracellular and extracellular fluids are made up of many different electrolytes,but the most abundant intracellular positively charged electrolyte is:

Accepted Answer

K+ is the most abundant electrolyte in the cell.

Question 14

The nurse evaluates the laboratory reports on electrolyte values carefully to assess the balance between positive and negative ions,which is regulated by the process of:

Accepted Answer

Diffusion allows the ions to support homeostatic balance.

Question 15

The nurse clarifies that fluid balance is mainly monitored in the body by which two systems?

Accepted Answer

The monitoring of basic fluid balance in the body is performed by the renal and circulatory systems.

Question 16

The nurse has two newly admitted patients with dehydration.One patient is dehydrated from heat exhaustion,and the other is dehydrated from an overdose of Lasix.The finding that will be in both patients is:

Accepted Answer

Water has been lost; therefore the red blood cells will concentrate and show artificially high values of hemoglobin and hematocrit.

Question 17

The nurse assists a patient with dyspnea to sit in a high Fowler position.This position allows gravity to help move oxygen from the pulmonary capillaries into the blood by a process known as:

Accepted Answer

The Fowler position increases blood flow through the lungs and therefore facilitates better oxygen diffusion.

Question 18

Older adults are at risk for dehydration because of reduced thirst and aging kidneys.The nurse monitors for the early indicator of dehydration,which is:

Accepted Answer

Because older adults have poor skin turgor and urine concentration is difficult to assess,constipation is the earliest indicator of a fluid deficit.

Question 19

Hyperchloremia,as noted on a laboratory report,is usually associated with:

Accepted Answer

Chlorides bind with positively charged ions such as K+ in the patient with metabolic acidosis.

Question 20

The nurse assesses that the patient's urine has become much more concentrated,which results from the effect of:

Accepted Answer

Aldosterone acts on the kidney tubules,affecting water retention and its attendant urine concentration.

Quiz 14: Fluids and Electrolytes

Each compartment of the body has a water-fluid distribution movement of its own.These fluids move and distribute themselves among these compartments via a process known as:

The nurse explains that fluids carrying nutrients and wastes on a random basis throughout the body are carried primarily by:

When the nurse hangs an IV bag with Na⁺,K^+,and Cl^-,he or she is aware that ________ are being administered.

A patient has renal damage because of diabetes,which places the patient at risk for:

The licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) is preparing to add a new IV of 5% dextrose in water (D₅W) with potassium (K⁺) to an existing line.The LPN/LVN notices that only 25 ml of urine has been collected over the last hour.The LPN/LVN's best intervention is to:

The nurse clarifies that electrolytes,such as sodium and potassium (K+) ,break down into smaller particles when dissolved and are called:

The K? laboratory report shows a level of 5.2 mEq/L.The nurse will assess the patient closely for:

The patient's intravenous (IV) injection has been infusing at a very high rate,and now the patient appears to be in fluid volume overload,as indicated by:

Because the patient with metabolic acidosis is hyperventilating,the nurse should closely monitor for the compensatory condition of:

When the water absorption in the renal tubules becomes greater than normal,the nurse anticipates that the urine will become:

The nurse explains that when oxygen is directed out of the arteries and into the capillaries,this process is called:

A small child is hospitalized with severe metabolic acidosis after ingesting a whole bottle of baby aspirin approximately 8 hours earlier.The emphasis of the nursing care for this patient is reassuring the patient and:

Both the intracellular and extracellular fluids are made up of many different electrolytes,but the most abundant intracellular positively charged electrolyte is:

The nurse evaluates the laboratory reports on electrolyte values carefully to assess the balance between positive and negative ions,which is regulated by the process of:

The nurse clarifies that fluid balance is mainly monitored in the body by which two systems?

The nurse has two newly admitted patients with dehydration.One patient is dehydrated from heat exhaustion,and the other is dehydrated from an overdose of Lasix.The finding that will be in both patients is:

The nurse assists a patient with dyspnea to sit in a high Fowler position.This position allows gravity to help move oxygen from the pulmonary capillaries into the blood by a process known as:

Older adults are at risk for dehydration because of reduced thirst and aging kidneys.The nurse monitors for the early indicator of dehydration,which is:

Hyperchloremia,as noted on a laboratory report,is usually associated with:

The nurse assesses that the patient's urine has become much more concentrated,which results from the effect of:

Quiz 14: Fluids and Electrolytes

Each compartment of the body has a water-fluid distribution movement of its own.These fluids move and distribute themselves among these compartments via a process known as:

The nurse explains that fluids carrying nutrients and wastes on a random basis throughout the body are carried primarily by:

When the nurse hangs an IV bag with Na+,K+,and Cl-,he or she is aware that ________ are being administered.

A patient has renal damage because of diabetes,which places the patient at risk for:

The licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) is preparing to add a new IV of 5% dextrose in water (D5W) with potassium (K+) to an existing line.The LPN/LVN notices that only 25 ml of urine has been collected over the last hour.The LPN/LVN's best intervention is to:

The nurse clarifies that electrolytes,such as sodium and potassium (K+) ,break down into smaller particles when dissolved and are called:

The K? laboratory report shows a level of 5.2 mEq/L.The nurse will assess the patient closely for:

The patient's intravenous (IV) injection has been infusing at a very high rate,and now the patient appears to be in fluid volume overload,as indicated by:

Because the patient with metabolic acidosis is hyperventilating,the nurse should closely monitor for the compensatory condition of:

When the water absorption in the renal tubules becomes greater than normal,the nurse anticipates that the urine will become:

The nurse explains that when oxygen is directed out of the arteries and into the capillaries,this process is called:

A small child is hospitalized with severe metabolic acidosis after ingesting a whole bottle of baby aspirin approximately 8 hours earlier.The emphasis of the nursing care for this patient is reassuring the patient and:

Both the intracellular and extracellular fluids are made up of many different electrolytes,but the most abundant intracellular positively charged electrolyte is:

The nurse evaluates the laboratory reports on electrolyte values carefully to assess the balance between positive and negative ions,which is regulated by the process of:

The nurse clarifies that fluid balance is mainly monitored in the body by which two systems?

The nurse has two newly admitted patients with dehydration.One patient is dehydrated from heat exhaustion,and the other is dehydrated from an overdose of Lasix.The finding that will be in both patients is:

The nurse assists a patient with dyspnea to sit in a high Fowler position.This position allows gravity to help move oxygen from the pulmonary capillaries into the blood by a process known as:

Older adults are at risk for dehydration because of reduced thirst and aging kidneys.The nurse monitors for the early indicator of dehydration,which is:

Hyperchloremia,as noted on a laboratory report,is usually associated with:

The nurse assesses that the patient's urine has become much more concentrated,which results from the effect of:

When the nurse hangs an IV bag with Na⁺,K^+,and Cl^-,he or she is aware that ________ are being administered.

The licensed practical/vocational nurse (LPN/LVN) is preparing to add a new IV of 5% dextrose in water (D₅W) with potassium (K⁺) to an existing line.The LPN/LVN notices that only 25 ml of urine has been collected over the last hour.The LPN/LVN's best intervention is to: