Question 1

The process of specifying a range of values within which the population parameter is estimated to fall is known as
A)interval estimation.
B)mean estimation.
C)point estimation.
D)population estimation.

Accepted Answer

Interval estimation is the process of specifying a range of values within which the population parameter is estimated to fall. Mean estimation and population estimation are not accurate definitions for this process. Point estimation is the process of estimating the value of the population parameter by using the value of a point estimator, which is a function of the sample data.

Question 2

Which of the following is one of the assumptions for hypothesis testing of the Pearson correlation coefficient?
A)The X-Y pairs are ordinal scores.
B)There is random sampling of X-Y pairs.
C)The dependent variable comes from a population that has a normal distribution.
D)The independent variable comes from a population that has a normal distribution.

Accepted Answer

Random sampling is a crucial assumption for hypothesis testing of the Pearson correlation coefficient because it ensures that the sample is representative of the population and reduces the risk of bias. The other choices (A, C, and D) are incorrect assumptions because the Pearson correlation coefficient is used for continuous variables, not ordinal scores, and it does not assume that either variable comes from a normal distribution.

Question 3

Which kind of estimation is performed when we claim that a population mean is equal to the sample mean?
A)Interval estimation
B)Mean estimation
C)Point estimation
D)Population estimation

Accepted Answer

When we claim that a population mean is equal to the sample mean, we are performing point estimation. Point estimation involves using the sample statistic (in this case, the sample mean) to estimate an unknown parameter of the population (in this case, the population mean).

Question 4

The alternative hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that
A)a correlation exists in the population.
B)no correlation exists in the population.
C)a positive correlation exists in the population.
D)a negative correlation exists in the population.

Accepted Answer

The alternative hypothesis always states that there is a relationship between the variables being analyzed. In the case of a correlation test, this means that there is a correlation in the population, regardless of whether it is positive or negative. The null hypothesis, on the other hand, states that there is no correlation. The two-tailed test allows for the possibility of either a positive or negative correlation, so the alternative hypothesis must reflect that possibility.

Question 5

If all other factors are held constant,increasing the level of confidence will have what kind of effect on the width of a confidence interval?
A)Increase it
B)Decrease it
C)Increase it or decrease it depending on whether  is positive or negative
D)Have no effect on it

Accepted Answer

Increasing the level of confidence will result in a wider confidence interval because the increased level of confidence requires a higher level of certainty, which in turn requires a greater range of possible values to be encompassed within the interval.

Question 6

Some people claim that psychology is common sense.If this is true,then students who have not taken psychology courses should be able to predict the outcomes of experiments as well as psychology majors.If it is not,nonpsychology students should perform worse than psychology students.Psychology students typically predict outcomes with $\mu$= 75% accuracy.A sample of 15 nonpsychology students predicted with  accuracy.The  .What is the 95% confidence interval for nonpsychology students?
A)54.22$\le$$\mu$$\le$ 65.78
B)54.26 $\le$ $\mu$$\le$65.75
C)55.25 $\le$ $\mu$$\le$64.75
D)69.22 $\le$ $\mu$$\le$ 80.78

Accepted Answer

The answer of Some people claim that psychology is common...

Question 7

What does the shape of any particular sampling distribution of a correlation coefficient depend upon?
A)df
B)µ
C)r
D)

Accepted Answer

The shape of any particular sampling distribution of a correlation coefficient depends upon the degrees of freedom (df) of the sample used to calculate the correlation coefficient.

Question 8

The null hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that
A)a correlation exists in the population.
B)no correlation exists in the population.
C)a positive correlation exists in the population.
D)a negative correlation exists in the population.

Accepted Answer

The null hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that no correlation exists in the population. This is because in a two-tailed test, we are testing for any correlation, whether it is positive or negative, so our null hypothesis should not assume any directionality in the correlation.

Question 9

A two-tailed t-test was conducted for  and  .Using  was compared to  .What is the correct 95% confidence interval for  ?
A) 
B) 
C) 
D)A confidence interval should not be constructed because the t-test was not significant.

Accepted Answer

The fact that a t-test was conducted for two other variables and compared to each other does not provide enough information to construct a confidence interval for a third variable. The result of the t-test conducted for the third variable is also not provided, so it cannot be determined if a significant difference exists between the two groups. Therefore, the correct option is to choose D, which indicates that a confidence interval should not be constructed.

Question 10

A two-tailed t-test was conducted for  and  .Using  was compared to  .What is the correct 95% confidence interval for  ?
A) 
B) 
C) 
D)A confidence interval should not be constructed because the t-test was not significant.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A two-tailed t-test was conducted for ...

Question 11

Suppose you conduct an experiment with 20 subjects and the turns out to be 0.69,which is not statistically significant.Which of the following is the correct way to report your results? A) = 0.69,p > 0.05 B)t(20)= 0.69,p < 0.05 C)t(19)= 0.69,p < 0.05 D)t(19)= 0.69,p > 0.05

Accepted Answer

The correct approach to report the results would be to use the t-test, as the sample size is smaller than 30, and state the degrees of freedom correctly, which is 19 (n-1). The t-value should be reported along with the p-value, which is greater than the significance level of 0.05, indicating that the result is not statistically significant. Hence option D is correct. Option A's issue is incorrectly formatted variable name followed by a p-value. Option B's mistake is that the t-value is wrongly expressed in the decimal format, and the degrees of freedom are missing. Option C is only wrong because the degrees of freedom are short by one.

Question 12

The major problem with point estimation is that it
A)cannot be utilized to estimate population parameters.
B)cannot be utilized with sample data.
C)is extremely vulnerable to sampling error.
D)provides only a single point in its estimate.

Accepted Answer

Point estimation is vulnerable to sampling error because it provides only a single value as an estimate, which may not accurately reflect the true population parameter due to variability in sample data.

Question 13

The confidence interval for a single $\mu$ is
A)a point interval estimation of the population mean.
B)a range of values of$\mu$that our sample mean is not likely to represent.
C)a range of values of$\mu$ that our sample mean is likely to represent.
D)a point on the variable at which the population $\mu$ is expected to fall.

Accepted Answer

A confidence interval is a range of values that is likely to contain the true population parameter with a certain level of confidence. In this case, the confidence interval is for the population mean, which is represented by μ. Therefore, option C is the correct choice, as it correctly describes the range of values that our sample mean is likely to represent. Options A and D are incorrect, as they both refer to a point estimation of the population mean, rather than a range of values. Option B is also incorrect, as it describes a range of values that our sample mean is not likely to represent, which is the opposite of what a confidence interval aims to achieve.

Question 14

When we construct a 95% confidence interval,we are 95% sure that the
A)sample mean falls within the interval.
B)population mean falls within the interval.
C)sample mean is at the center of the interval.
D)population mean is at the center of the interval.

Accepted Answer

When constructing a 95% confidence interval, we are calculating a range of values that is likely to contain the true population mean with a 95% probability. Therefore, option B is the correct choice as we are confident that the population mean falls within the interval.

Question 15

The logic behind computing a confidence interval is to compute the highest and lowest values of a _____ mean that are not significantly different from the _____.
A)sample;the current sample mean
B)population;the current sample mean
C)population;the population mean specified in the null hypothesis
D)sample;the population mean specified in the null hypothesis

Accepted Answer

A confidence interval is used to estimate the range within which a population mean is likely to fall, based on the sample mean.

Question 16

Suppose you conduct an experiment with 24 subjects and your  turns out to be 2.92,which is statistically significant.Which of the following is the correct way to report your results?
A)  = 2.92,p < 0.05
B)t(24)= 2.92,p < 0.05
C)t(23)= 2.92,p > 0.05
D)t(23)= 2.92,p < 0.05

Accepted Answer

The correct way to report these results would be to include the degrees of freedom, which in this case is 23 (24 subjects minus 1). Option D includes the correct degree of freedom and indicates that the result is statistically significant at the 0.05 level. Option A includes an incorrect identifier that does not relate to the given 11eaab01_abc5_1c53_acdb_470a5fb84d5e_TB4035_00 value. Option B is also incorrect since it only includes the test statistic and not the degree of freedom. Option C includes the correct degree of freedom, but the statement is incorrect since the given 11eaab01_abc5_1c53_acdb_470a5fb84d5e_TB4035_00 value is statistically significant.

Question 17

When we hear that a recent survey found 36%  of adults had used an on-line dating service,the  is the
A)estimated standard error.
B)degrees of freedom.
C)margin of error.
D)confidence interval of the mean.

Accepted Answer

The margin of error is the amount of error that is allowed for in a survey's results. It is the range of values that the true population value is likely to fall into. In this case, the survey found that 36% of adults had used an on-line dating service, but the margin of error would give a range of values within which the true percentage would likely fall.

Question 18

When establishing the proper confidence interval for interval estimation,which of the following should be employed?
A)A two-tailed value of 
B)A one-tailed value of 
C)A one-tailed value of 
D)A two-tailed value of

Accepted Answer

The answer of When establishing the proper confidence interval for...

Question 19

Which of the following statements about the correlation coefficient is true?
A)One should not accept that a correlation coefficient represents a relationship unless it is significant.
B)Unless a correlation coefficient is zero,it represents a relationship.
C)Positive correlation coefficients tend to be significant more often than negative ones.
D)Sampling error does not apply to the correlation coefficient.

Accepted Answer

Significance is an important consideration when interpreting a correlation coefficient. A non-significant correlation coefficient may not represent a true relationship, while a significant correlation coefficient indicates that the relationship between the variables is unlikely to be due to chance. Therefore, one should not accept that a correlation coefficient represents a relationship unless it is significant. The other options are incorrect. A correlation coefficient can be zero when two variables do not show any relationship. Positive and negative correlation coefficients are equally likely to be significant. Sampling error can affect the correlation coefficient just like any other statistical measure.

Question 20

How many degrees of freedom do we have in significance testing of r?
A)N -2,where N equals the total number of Xs plus the total number of Ys
B)N - 2,where N equals the total number of pairs of scores
C)N - 1,where N equals the total number of pairs of scores
D)N -1,where N equals the total number of Xs plus the total number of Ys

Accepted Answer

In significance testing of r, we have N-2 degrees of freedom, where N equals the total number of pairs of scores. Therefore, option (B) is the correct formula for calculating the degrees of freedom in significance testing of r. Options (A), (C), and (D) do not correctly represent the formula for degrees of freedom in significance testing of r.

Quiz 11: Performing the One-Sample T-Test and Testing Correlation Coefficients

The process of specifying a range of values within which the population parameter is estimated to fall is known as

Which of the following is one of the assumptions for hypothesis testing of the Pearson correlation coefficient?

Which kind of estimation is performed when we claim that a population mean is equal to the sample mean?

The alternative hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that

If all other factors are held constant,increasing the level of confidence will have what kind of effect on the width of a confidence interval?

What does the shape of any particular sampling distribution of a correlation coefficient depend upon?

The null hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that

A two-tailed t-test was conducted for and .Using was compared to .What is the correct 95% confidence interval for ?

A two-tailed t-test was conducted for and .Using was compared to .What is the correct 95% confidence interval for ?

Suppose you conduct an experiment with 20 subjects and the turns out to be 0.69,which is not statistically significant.Which of the following is the correct way to report your results?

The major problem with point estimation is that it

The confidence interval for a single $\mu$ is

When we construct a 95% confidence interval,we are 95% sure that the

The logic behind computing a confidence interval is to compute the highest and lowest values of a _ mean that are not significantly different from the _.

Suppose you conduct an experiment with 24 subjects and your turns out to be 2.92,which is statistically significant.Which of the following is the correct way to report your results?

When we hear that a recent survey found 36% of adults had used an on-line dating service,the is the

When establishing the proper confidence interval for interval estimation,which of the following should be employed?

Which of the following statements about the correlation coefficient is true?

How many degrees of freedom do we have in significance testing of r?

Quiz 11: Performing the One-Sample T-Test and Testing Correlation Coefficients

The process of specifying a range of values within which the population parameter is estimated to fall is known as

Which of the following is one of the assumptions for hypothesis testing of the Pearson correlation coefficient?

Which kind of estimation is performed when we claim that a population mean is equal to the sample mean?

The alternative hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that

If all other factors are held constant,increasing the level of confidence will have what kind of effect on the width of a confidence interval?

What does the shape of any particular sampling distribution of a correlation coefficient depend upon?

The null hypothesis in a two-tailed significance test of correlation states that

A two-tailed t-test was conducted for and .Using was compared to .What is the correct 95% confidence interval for ?

A two-tailed t-test was conducted for and .Using was compared to .What is the correct 95% confidence interval for ?

Suppose you conduct an experiment with 20 subjects and the turns out to be 0.69,which is not statistically significant.Which of the following is the correct way to report your results?

The major problem with point estimation is that it

The confidence interval for a single μ\muμ is

When we construct a 95% confidence interval,we are 95% sure that the

The logic behind computing a confidence interval is to compute the highest and lowest values of a _____ mean that are not significantly different from the _____.

Suppose you conduct an experiment with 24 subjects and your turns out to be 2.92,which is statistically significant.Which of the following is the correct way to report your results?

When we hear that a recent survey found 36% of adults had used an on-line dating service,the is the

When establishing the proper confidence interval for interval estimation,which of the following should be employed?

Which of the following statements about the correlation coefficient is true?

How many degrees of freedom do we have in significance testing of r?

The confidence interval for a single $\mu$ is

The logic behind computing a confidence interval is to compute the highest and lowest values of a _ mean that are not significantly different from the _.