Question 1

Some species of pathogenic bacteria are able to attack specific tissues in the human body due to structures called

Accepted Answer

Adhesion factors permit a pathogenic bacterium to bind to certain types of cells in the body.

Question 2

Which similarity is not shared between algae and plants?

Accepted Answer

Because algae are eukaryotic photoautotrophs, and producer organisms, they were once classified with plants.They do not have locomotion.

Question 3

Without bacteria in the environment,

Accepted Answer

Bacteria are vital, natural parts of all ecosystems, and are now harnessed by humans to repair damaged ecosystems through bioremediation.

Question 4

In which type of environment would you be most likely to find methanogenic archaea?

Accepted Answer

Methanogens thrive in anaerobic environments, where they produce methane from hydrogen gas and carbon dioxide in order to make ATP.

Question 5

One group of protozoans which are nonmotile, produce spores, and have disease-causing species is the

Accepted Answer

Unlike other groups of protozoans, sporozoans are nonmotile. They are so named because they produce spores. Sporozoans include the parasite that causes malaria.

Question 6

A viroid is a naked, infectious _____ molecule.

Accepted Answer

A viroid is a naked, infectious RNA molecule.

Question 7

The _____ of a virus is enclosed by a _____ capsid.

Accepted Answer

The nucleic acid of a virus is enclosed by a protein capsid.

Question 8

Naked strands of RNA not covered by a capsid are

Accepted Answer

In addition to viruses which do have a capsid covering them, and possibly have an envelope, there are also naked strands of RNA called viroids that are known to attack plants.

Question 9

Which statement about slime molds and water molds is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Both were once classified as fungi, but are now classified as protists.

Question 10

Which type of archaea use a pigment related to the rhodopsin, a pigment found in human eyes, to absorb solar energy and pump chloride ions?

Accepted Answer

Halophilic archaea use a rhodopsin-like pigment to absorb solar energy for pumping chloride. This enables them to survive in extremely salty environments.

Question 11

Which of the following is not a similarity that protozoans have to animals?

Accepted Answer

Because protozoans are eukaryotic chemoheterotrophs, not photoautotrophs, and most have some means of locomotion, they were once classified along with animals.

Question 12

You take a large sample of soil and put it all into individual pots. You then divide the pots into two groups. In the first group, every pot of soil has been sterilized, and thus contains no bacteria. In the second group, none of the pots of soil have been sterilized. You plant soybean seeds in all the pots. What would you expect to see as the seeds sprout and grow?

Accepted Answer

Mutualistic, nitrogen-fixing bacteria live in the root nodules of certain plants, such as soybeans. They reduce atmospheric nitrogen to ammonia, which can be used by plants. Plants are unable to fix nitrogen for themselves.

Question 13

As a result of drinking contaminated water, a patient contracts amoebic dysentery. Would an antibiotic drug that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis be beneficial in treating the amoeba infection?

Accepted Answer

An antibiotic that affects peptidoglycan synthesis would not be effective against amoebic dysentery, because Entamoeba histolytica does not have peptidoglycan, or any kind of cell wall at all. Radiolarians and foraminiferans are amoeboids with skeletons, not cell walls, of calcium carbonate; however, they do not cause disease.)

Question 14

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Accepted Answer

Many chemoheterotrophic bacteria are saprotrophs; they are important decomposers in ecosystems.

Question 15

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug that interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria, eventually resulting in cell death. What effect would you predict if you applied penicillin to archaea?

Accepted Answer

Most archaea do have cell walls, but they are not composed of peptidoglycan. Thus, an antibiotic that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis will not harm archaea.

Question 16

Which statement about bacteria is incorrect?

Accepted Answer

Most bacteria are not pathogenic to humans.

Question 17

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

Cilia are a feature of certain eukaryotic cells but are not found in prokaryotes such as bacteria.

Question 18

Archaea

Accepted Answer

Like all cells, archaea have plasma membranes. Most also have cell walls.

Question 19

What evidence supports the idea that archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria?

Accepted Answer

Some of the most compelling evidence in support of a close relationship between archaea and eukaryotes is similarity in the means of expressing genetic information. Peptidoglycan is only found in the cell walls of bacteria.

Question 20

Which of these is mismatched?

Accepted Answer

None of the archaea are known to cause disease in humans.

Quiz 17: The Microorganisms: Viruses, Bacteria, and Protists

Some species of pathogenic bacteria are able to attack specific tissues in the human body due to structures called

Which similarity is not shared between algae and plants?

Without bacteria in the environment,

In which type of environment would you be most likely to find methanogenic archaea?

One group of protozoans which are nonmotile, produce spores, and have disease-causing species is the

A viroid is a naked, infectious _____ molecule.

The _ of a virus is enclosed by a _ capsid.

Naked strands of RNA not covered by a capsid are

Which statement about slime molds and water molds is incorrect?

Which type of archaea use a pigment related to the rhodopsin, a pigment found in human eyes, to absorb solar energy and pump chloride ions?

Which of the following is not a similarity that protozoans have to animals?

As a result of drinking contaminated water, a patient contracts amoebic dysentery. Would an antibiotic drug that inhibits peptidoglycan synthesis be beneficial in treating the amoeba infection?

Bacteria that secrete digestive enzymes into their surroundings in order to decompose nonliving organic matter are called

Penicillin is an antibiotic drug that interferes with cell wall synthesis in bacteria, eventually resulting in cell death. What effect would you predict if you applied penicillin to archaea?

Which statement about bacteria is incorrect?

Which of these is mismatched?

Archaea

What evidence supports the idea that archaea are more closely related to eukaryotes than to bacteria?

Which of these is mismatched?