Question 1

A telomere is a region at the end of a(n)

Accepted Answer

A telomere is a region at the end of a chromosome. Telomeres protect the genetic information in a chromosome from degradation during cell division.

Question 2

During memory tasks,the left frontal lobes are especially active in young adult brains,while older adult brains use both left and right frontal lobes.This age-related change in brain functioning best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The age-related change in brain functioning, where older adult brains use both left and right frontal lobes during memory tasks, reflects the concept of brain plasticity. This refers to the brain's ability to adapt to changing environmental demands, such as the need to compensate for age-related declines in cognitive function. The other answer choices are not reflective of this specific phenomenon.

Question 3

Adults are ________ likely to divorce in their early forties than in their early twenties.They are ________ likely to commit suicide in their early forties than in their early seventies.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adults are ________ likely to divorce in...

Question 4

As people progress into old age,their disease-fighting immune system becomes

Accepted Answer

The answer of As people progress into old age,their disease-fighting...

Question 5

Compared with younger adults,older adults take ________ time to solve perceptual puzzles and ________ time to remember names.

Accepted Answer

Older adults generally take more time to solve perceptual puzzles due to slower processing speeds and also more time to remember names due to declines in memory associated with aging.

Question 6

Research suggests that the best way to enhance memory and reduce the risk of significant cognitive decline in late adulthood is to engage in daily

Accepted Answer

Physical exercise has been shown to increase blood flow and oxygen to the brain, stimulate the development of new neural connections, and reduce the risk of diseases that can negatively impact cognitive functioning. While problem-solving, visual tracking, and memory-retrieval exercises can all be beneficial for memory and cognitive function, the evidence for the benefits of physical exercise is the strongest.

Question 7

As people progress through late adulthood,they typically experience a slight

Accepted Answer

As people age into late adulthood, it is normal to experience a slight decrease in brain weight. This is due to the loss of neurons and synapses.

Question 8

For those who report experiencing a life crisis,the trigger is usually

Accepted Answer

Life crises are typically triggered by major events such as the loss of a job, the death of a loved one, or a major health issue. These events can cause individuals to re-examine their lives and priorities, leading to a period of self-reflection and potentially significant life changes. Age and middle adulthood may contribute to a sense of urgency in addressing these issues, but are not the primary trigger. Mental decline may be a factor for some individuals, but is not a universal characteristic of a life crisis trigger.

Question 9

To compare the moral reasoning skills of younger and older children,Professor Hauten tested and retested a group of children from the time they were 4 until they reached the age of 12.The professor conducted a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal study involves following a group of individuals over a long period of time and collecting data at multiple points throughout the study. In this case, the professor followed the same group of children from the age of 4 until they were 12, collecting data on their moral reasoning skills at multiple points. Cross-sectional studies, on the other hand, compare different groups of individuals at the same point in time, while "sandwich generation" and neurogenesis are not relevant to this scenario.

Question 10

Physical exercise helps maintain the ________ protecting the ends of chromosomes.

Accepted Answer

Telomeres are protective caps at the end of chromosomes that tend to naturally shorten with age. Regular physical exercise has been shown to help maintain telomere length, leading to potential health benefits such as longevity and reduced risk of age-related diseases. The other answer choices (B, C, and D) do not directly relate to telomeres or their maintenance.

Question 11

Tonya asks people of different ages to complete a measure of life satisfaction.She then looks for life satisfaction differences across different age levels.Tonya is conducting a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

Tonya is looking for life satisfaction differences across different age levels at a specific point in time, which is a characteristic of a cross-sectional study. A longitudinal study would involve following the same group of people over an extended period of time to measure changes in life satisfaction. Neural plasticity and neurogenesis refer to physiological processes in the brain and are not relevant to the type of study Tonya is conducting.

Question 12

People of different ages are compared with one another in a ________ study.

Accepted Answer

In a cross-sectional study, people of different ages are compared with one another at a single point in time. This is in contrast to a longitudinal study, where the same individuals are followed over time to observe changes in behavior, health, or other variables. "Sandwich generation" and "terminal decline" are terms used to describe specific situations or phenomena, but they are not types of research studies.

Question 13

A longitudinal study is one in which

Accepted Answer

A longitudinal study is one where the same people are tested or observed over an extended period. It is used to track changes in behavior, development, or other variables over time.

Question 14

Judith takes care of her aging parents but also provides support for her adult children.Judith can be described as

Accepted Answer

Judith is providing care for both her aging parents and adult children, making her a member of the sandwich generation. This is a specific stage of life where individuals find themselves "sandwiched" between the responsibilities of caring for aging parents and supporting their own adult children.

Question 15

There is some hope that daily memory,problem-solving,and cognitive training exercises can sustain mental abilities in late adulthood.This hope is based in part on the aging brain's

Accepted Answer

The hope that daily memory, problem-solving, and cognitive training exercises can sustain mental abilities in late adulthood is based on the concept of brain plasticity. This refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt in response to new experiences and learning throughout the lifespan. This suggests that even as we age, our brains are capable of making new neural connections and strengthening existing ones through mental stimulation and exercise.

Question 16

Twenty-year-olds would most likely outperform 60-year-olds on an art history exam in which they were asked to

Accepted Answer

The answer of Twenty-year-olds would most likely outperform 60-year-olds on...

Question 17

The accelerated loss of cognitive abilities in the last years of life is called

Accepted Answer

Terminal decline refers to the accelerated loss of cognitive abilities in the final years of life. Neurogenesis refers to the process by which new brain cells are generated. Brain plasticity refers to the brain's ability to change and adapt. Menopause refers to the cessation of menstruation in women.

Question 18

Physical exercise programs during late adulthood are most likely to

Accepted Answer

Physical exercise programs during late adulthood have been shown to reduce brain shrinkage, leading to improved cognitive function and memory. Exercise also helps maintain muscle mass and prevent age-related muscle loss. Exercise has not been shown to prevent menopause and does not speed up the aging process.

Question 19

The differences among adults' abilities to learn and remember are greatest among those in their

Accepted Answer

The differences in learning and memory abilities among adults are most pronounced in those in their seventies. This is because cognitive functions, including learning and memory, tend to decline more noticeably with age, and the rate and extent of decline can vary significantly among individuals, especially by the time they reach their seventies.

Question 20

In recall and recognition tests of memory for recently learned material,older adults are more likely than young adults to have difficulty

Accepted Answer

Older adults have been found to have more difficulty in recalling information that lacks meaningful content or significance. However, their ability to recognize such information is relatively better.

Quiz 4: Developing Through the Life Span