Question 1

The psychodynamic and humanistic therapies are often referred to as

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic and humanistic therapies are both types of insight therapies, which focus on helping the client gain deeper self-understanding and insight into their thoughts, feelings, and behavior. Behavior therapies focus on changing specific behaviors, while biomedical therapies use medication or other medical interventions to treat mental health disorders. Eclectic therapies combine multiple approaches to tailor treatment to the individual client's needs.

Question 2

Which of the following statements is true?

Accepted Answer

While psychoanalysis played a significant role in the development of psychology, much of its underlying theory - such as the Oedipus complex and the existence of the unconscious - has been challenged by scientific research. However, some modern psychotherapists still draw on psychoanalytic principles to help their patients. A is incorrect, as psychoanalysis is still used, but has evolved into newer forms of psychotherapy. C is incorrect, as dream interpretation is a central tenet of psychoanalysis. D is incorrect, as Carl Rogers was actually a key figure in the development of humanistic psychology, which was a reaction against the pessimism and determinism of psychoanalysis.

Question 3

Freud is to ________ as Rogers is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Freud is known for his development of psychoanalysis, which involves techniques such as dream analysis and free association. Rogers, on the other hand, is known for his person-centered therapy, which emphasizes active listening, empathy, and unconditional positive regard. Therefore, the best answer is B, as it matches Rogers with active listening.

Question 4

Humanistic therapies are most likely to involve

Accepted Answer

Humanistic therapies place a strong emphasis on self-awareness, personal growth, and individual responsibility for one's own actions and emotions. The goal is to help clients develop a greater sense of self-understanding and self-acceptance, which can then lead to positive changes in thoughts, feelings, and behaviors. Options A and D are more characteristic of behavioral therapies, which are focused on changing specific behaviors through reinforcement and conditioning. Option B may be relevant in some humanistic approaches, but it is not a central or defining feature.

Question 5

A therapist wants to help Hannah recognize her mixed feelings of fear and love for her husband and to realize that she often experienced similar feelings for her brothers during her childhood.The therapist's goal is most clearly consistent with the aims of

Accepted Answer

The therapist's goal of helping Hannah recognize her mixed feelings and explore her childhood experiences is consistent with the aims of psychodynamic therapy, which aims to identify and address unconscious conflicts and past experiences that may be contributing to current issues.

Question 6

Ron reported dreaming that he was attacked by a large dog.His psychoanalyst suggested that the dog symbolically represented Ron's father,who sometimes mistreated him as a child.The analyst's suggestion best illustrates the practice of

Accepted Answer

The psychoanalyst's suggestion of the dog representing Ron's father is an example of interpretation in psychoanalysis, which is the practice of uncovering and explaining hidden, unconscious meanings behind a patient's behaviors, thoughts, and feelings.

Question 7

Instead of focusing on the cure of psychological disorders,________ therapies seek to promote personal growth and self-fulfillment.

Accepted Answer

Humanistic therapies, such as person-centered therapy and existential therapy, focus on helping individuals achieve self-actualization and personal growth, rather than just alleviating symptoms of psychological disorders. These therapies emphasize the individual's capacity for self-awareness and decision-making, and aim to create a supportive and nonjudgmental therapeutic environment.

Question 8

Therapist David Shapiro reported helping a patient to realize that he couldn't say "I love you" to his wife because it would feel soft and unmanly.The therapist's efforts to restore the patient's awareness of his wishes and his reactions against these wishes best illustrate

Accepted Answer

The therapist's efforts to restore the patient's awareness of his wishes and his reactions against these wishes suggest that he was using psychodynamic therapy. This type of therapy aims to uncover unconscious conflicts and emotions that may be causing distress or maladaptive behaviors. The patient's reluctance to express love to his wife likely stems from deeper, unconscious fears or beliefs about masculinity and vulnerability. The therapist's goal would be to bring those underlying issues to the surface and help the patient work through them.

Question 9

Which form of therapy is most likely to be described as expensive and time-consuming?

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis is a long-term therapy that can span several years and can be quite expensive. It involves multiple sessions per week and focuses on exploring unconscious conflicts and childhood experiences. Other therapies, such as cognitive therapy or client-centered therapy, can be more time-limited and cost-effective. Systematic desensitization is a specific technique used within therapies, such as behavior therapy, and it can also be time-limited and cost-effective.

Question 10

Psychoanalysis is most likely to involve

Accepted Answer

Psychoanalysis places a significant emphasis on the patient-therapist relationship and the patient's thoughts and emotions towards their therapist. This involves attending to both positive and negative feelings as they can provide insight into the patient's unconscious conflicts and defenses.

Question 11

Which of the following is NOT a way in which humanistic therapies differ from psychodynamic therapies?

Accepted Answer

Humanistic therapies focus on promoting growth and self-actualization, whereas psychodynamic therapies involve uncovering hidden causes of problems through exploration of the unconscious. Therefore, choice B is the correct answer as it incorrectly states that humanistic therapies involve uncovering hidden causes for one's problems.

Question 12

Which of the following is considered to be the most nondirective form of therapy?

Accepted Answer

Client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy, is considered to be the most nondirective form of therapy because the therapist takes a supportive and empathic role, allowing the client to lead the discussion and make their own discoveries about themselves. The therapist does not offer advice or solutions but instead provides a safe and accepting environment for the client to explore their thoughts and feelings.

Question 13

Humanistic therapies aim to boost people's self-fulfillment by helping them to grow in

Accepted Answer

Humanistic therapies, such as person-centered therapy and Gestalt therapy, focus on promoting self-acceptance, personal growth, and self-actualization. They do not use techniques like progressive relaxation, systematic desensitization, or token economy, which are more commonly associated with behavioral or cognitive-behavioral therapies.

Question 14

Mr.Phillips has recently begun to express feelings of hostility and resentment toward his therapist,who is consistently friendly,caring,and helpful.A therapist using psychoanalysis would most likely consider Mr.Phillips's hostility to be an example of

Accepted Answer

In psychoanalysis, transference refers to the patient's unconscious feelings and attitudes that are redirected from a significant other onto the therapist. In this case, Mr. Phillips is expressing hostility and resentment towards his therapist, which may be a reflection of his feelings towards someone else in his life. The therapist would view this as an opportunity to explore Mr. Phillips's past experiences and relationships, and to work through any unresolved feelings or conflicts.

Question 15

Some of Freud's techniques and assumptions are most evident in today's

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic therapies, which are based on Freud's theories, employ techniques such as free association and dream analysis to explore unconscious conflicts and issues. The assumption that unconscious thoughts and emotions influence behavior is also a key component of these therapies. While cognitive therapies focus more on changing negative thought patterns and behaviors in the present, psychodynamic therapies aim to uncover and resolve underlying psychological conflicts.

Question 16

Which form of psychotherapy is most likely to focus on providing clients with insight into themes evident in their troubling and recurring patterns of social interaction in a variety of important relationships?

Accepted Answer

Psychodynamic therapy emphasizes exploring and bringing to consciousness the underlying, unconscious emotions and conflicts that may be driving the client's behavior and relationships. This often involves exploring recurring patterns in relationships and gaining insight into how past experiences may be influencing present behavior.

Question 17

A psychodynamic approach to therapy is most likely to involve

Accepted Answer

A psychodynamic approach to therapy typically involves exploring and interpreting patients' underlying unconscious conflicts and motivations, which can lead to insights into their difficulties. This approach is less focused on specific behavioral techniques or medication management. Therefore, choice A, C, and D can be ruled out.

Question 18

The expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships is known as

Accepted Answer

The expression toward a therapist of feelings linked with earlier relationships is known as transference. Transference is a common phenomenon in therapy where the client projects their feelings, expectations, and attitudes onto the therapist, based on their past experiences and relationships. It provides valuable insight into the client's unconscious thoughts and feelings and helps the therapist to identify and address unresolved issues.

Question 19

Increasing clients' awareness of their own motives and defenses is a central goal of

Accepted Answer

Insight therapies, such as psychoanalytic and psychodynamic therapies, aim to help clients gain self-awareness and insight into their unconscious motives and defense mechanisms, ultimately leading to psychological growth and healing.

Question 20

Carl Rogers is known for the development of

Accepted Answer

Carl Rogers is known for the development of client-centered therapy, also known as person-centered therapy. Rogers believed that the therapist should provide a nonjudgmental and empathetic environment, where the client can freely express their thoughts and feelings. The therapist's role is to support and facilitate the client's own self-actualization and personal growth.

Quiz 15: Therapy