Question 1

Nearly ________ percent of Muslim Americans report personally experiencing discrimination in the last year.

Accepted Answer

According to a 2021 report by the Pew Research Center, about 50% of Muslim Americans reported experiencing discrimination in the past year. This highlights the significant challenges and prejudices faced by the Muslim community in the United States.

Question 2

Jorge is a pitcher for his high school baseball team.In the last inning,he gave up a home run,which turned out to be the go-ahead run for his school's biggest rival.When the next batter came up,Jorge hit him with a fastball and was ejected from the game.Jorge's behavior illustrates

Accepted Answer

Jorge's behavior is an example of the frustration-aggression principle, which suggests that frustration often leads to aggressive behavior. Jorge's frustration at giving up the go-ahead run led him to act aggressively towards the next batter, which resulted in his ejection from the game.

Question 3

When shopping for a new cell phone,many shoppers prefer certain products simply because they have familiar brand names.This preference best illustrates the importance of

Accepted Answer

The mere exposure effect refers to people's tendency to prefer stimuli that they have been exposed to frequently. In this case, shoppers may prefer certain cell phone brands simply because they have seen or heard of them more often, even if they have no other information about the product's quality or features.

Question 4

About ________ percent of Americans agree that "an increasing number of people of many different races,ethnic groups,and nationalities in our country makes it a better place to live."

Accepted Answer

According to Pew Research Center surveys, about 60% of Americans agree that diversity in terms of races, ethnic groups, and nationalities makes the United States a better place to live.

Question 5

To put up a fence,Steven wants to cut down a tree that is partially in Tom's yard.Tom loves the tree and is opposed to cutting it down.He and Steven have argued several times about their opposing goals.Steven and Tom are involved in

Accepted Answer

Steven and Tom are in a conflict as they have opposing goals and have argued several times about it.

Question 6

Across the United States in 2015 and 2016,nearly 40 percent of the unarmed people shot and killed by police were Black.This fact illustrates the effect of

Accepted Answer

The fact that nearly 40 percent of unarmed people shot and killed by police were Black suggests the existence of implicit bias, which is the tendency to unconsciously associate certain groups with negative attributes or stereotypes. Such biases can lead to discriminatory behavior, such as police officers perceiving Black people as more dangerous or threatening, which may result in disproportionate use of force against them.

Question 7

Which of the following is a self-fulfilling prophecy?

Accepted Answer

A self-fulfilling prophecy is a belief that leads to its own fulfillment. This means that the belief itself can cause actions or events that make the belief come true. Therefore, option C is the only one that fits this definition. Options A, B, and D do not necessarily have this cause-and-effect relationship between beliefs and outcomes.

Question 8

A negative behavior describes ________;a negative attitude describes ________.

Accepted Answer

Discrimination is a negative behavior because it involves treating people unfairly based on their demographics. Prejudice is a negative attitude because it involves having negative feelings or beliefs about a group of people, even if those feelings or beliefs are not acted upon through discriminatory behavior. Therefore, choice C correctly matches the negative behavior with discrimination and the negative attitude with prejudice.

Question 9

The hostilities between two racial subgroups of a riverfront community were dramatically reduced when the threat of the river flooding its banks required that they work together to save their town.This best illustrates the impact of

Accepted Answer

The scenario describes how two racial subgroups came together to work towards a common goal (saving the town from the flood) when faced with a common threat (the river flooding its banks). This is an example of superordinate goals, which are goals that require the cooperation of two or more subgroups, and can help reduce intergroup hostility and increase cooperation. Social exchange theory, diffusion of responsibility, and the bystander effect do not accurately capture the dynamics of the scenario described.

Question 10

Marshall,who is not a college athlete,thinks that all college athletes behave the same and have the same attitudes toward nonathletes.Marshall's thinking illustrates

Accepted Answer

Marshall's thinking illustrates outgroup homogeneity, which is the tendency to see members of an outgroup (in this case, college athletes) as more similar to each other and less diverse than members of one's ingroup. This can lead to stereotyping and prejudice toward the outgroup.

Question 11

Mr.Hughes heard what sounded like cries for help from a swimmer located 30 yards from the ocean shoreline.He continued walking along the beach,however,because he figured that one of the many swimmers in the vicinity would provide help if it was needed.His reaction best illustrates the dynamics involved in

Accepted Answer

The bystander effect refers to the phenomenon where people are less likely to offer assistance in an emergency situation when others are present because they assume someone else will take action. In this scenario, Mr. Hughes assumes that there are other swimmers in the area who will provide help if it is needed, demonstrating the bystander effect.

Question 12

Which of the following can result in an increase in real-life aggressiveness?

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that watching violent behaviors can result in an increase in real-life aggressiveness. Hearing reports of violent behaviors and watching helpful behaviors are unlikely to have the same effect. Hearing reports of helpful behaviors may even promote prosocial behavior instead.

Question 13

According to the text,people who have low MAOA gene expression tend to demonstrate

Accepted Answer

According to the text, people with low MAOA gene expression tend to exhibit more aggression when provoked.

Question 14

Which of the following suspects is MOST likely to be shot and killed by police?

Accepted Answer

Studies and statistics show that Black people are disproportionately more likely to be shot and killed by police than any other racial group. Therefore, Carlington, a Black man, is the most likely to be shot and killed by police out of the given options.

Question 15

Which theory best explains why the excitement that lingers after a frightening event can facilitate passionate love?

Accepted Answer

The two-factor theory states that both physiological arousal and the cognitive appraisal of the situation are needed to experience emotions like love. The lingering excitement after a frightening event can arouse similar physiological responses as those experienced during passionate love, leading to a misattribution of arousal that can facilitate feelings of love towards the person present at the time of the event.

Question 16

Jonathan,who attends Cloverdale High School,believes that all students at his school are friendlier than those who attend nearby Smith Valley High School.His belief best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Jonathan's belief that his fellow students at Cloverdale High School are friendlier than those at Smith Valley High School suggests ingroup bias, which refers to the tendency to favor and perceive our own group (in this case, students from Cloverdale) as superior to other groups (Smith Valley students).

Question 17

As soon as Marisa met Juan she felt an enormously strong romantic and physical attraction.After their initial date she could not stop thinking about Juan.Marisa interpreted the feeling as "love at first sight." Marisa was

Accepted Answer

Marisa is experiencing strong romantic and physical attraction, which are characteristics of passionate love.

Question 18

Carolyn and Paul have been married for 30 years and feel a deep attachment;they can't imagine their lives without each other.The attachment they feel is called

Accepted Answer

Companionate love is a deep attachment to another person, characterized by feelings of trust, closeness, and commitment. This type of love is often seen in long-term relationships like Carolyn and Paul's, where there is a strong emotional connection and a shared history. Passionate love, on the other hand, is characterized by intense emotions and sexual attraction, but it may not necessarily lead to long-term commitment. The reciprocity norm refers to the expectation that people will respond favorably to each other, while mirror-image perceptions refer to the tendency to view one's own attitudes and beliefs as more favorable than the attitudes and beliefs of others. Neither of these concepts accurately describes the attachment that Carolyn and Paul feel.

Question 19

Studies have revealed diminished activity in the ________ of violent criminals.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Studies have revealed diminished activity in the...

Question 20

Which of the following would be most consistent with a GRIT strategy?

Accepted Answer

GRIT (Graduated and Reciprocated Initiatives in Tension-Reduction) strategy involves taking small steps towards disarmament and peace, and inviting the other party to reciprocate. Announcing a 5 percent cut in defense expenditures and inviting the enemy to do the same would be a small step towards disarmament and would invite the other party to reciprocate, making it consistent with a GRIT strategy. The other options involve threats of violence or legal action and are not consistent with a GRIT strategy.

Quiz 12: Social Psychology