Question 1

Feeling liked and encouraged by intimate friends and family members has been found to promote

Accepted Answer

Research has consistently shown that feeling liked and supported by intimate friends and family members can have a positive impact on immune functioning. Specifically, social support has been linked to lower levels of stress hormones, decreased inflammation, and improved immune cell functioning, including natural killer cells. This can help protect individuals from a variety of health problems, including infectious diseases and even some types of cancer. Therefore, choice (C) is the best answer as it aligns with the research findings.  Choices (A), (B), and (D) are incorrect as they do not reflect the positive effects of social support on the immune system.

Question 2

Ben is a self-employed accountant who works overtime during the first two weeks of April to finish his clients' tax forms before the filing deadline.During this time,Ben is most likely to show a(n)

Accepted Answer

Stress, such as working overtime under pressure, can lead to elevated blood cholesterol levels as the body releases more energy in the form of fatty acids, which can contribute to higher cholesterol.

Question 3

Which of the following is NOT a suggestion provided by experts on anger management?

Accepted Answer

Expressing anger in a harmful or aggressive manner is not a recommended method of anger management. It is important to find healthy ways to cope with and manage anger, rather than simply expressing it without regard for others or oneself.

Question 4

Kathy alleviated the stress of breaking up with her boyfriend in two ways.She avoided contact with him and she planned recreational activities with her best girlfriend.Kathy's behavior best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Kathy's behavior of avoiding contact with her boyfriend and planning recreational activities with her best girlfriend is an example of emotion-focused coping, which involves regulating emotions in response to stressors.

Question 5

Mindfulness meditation involves attending to our moment-to-moment experiences in a manner that is

Accepted Answer

Mindfulness meditation involves nonjudgmentally attending to our experiences as they arise in the present moment, without trying to change or manipulate them in any way. The practice does not involve aiming towards any specific outcome or emotional state, nor does it involve heightened emotional arousal. Instead, it emphasizes cultivating a humble, nonjudgmental approach to the present moment.

Question 6

Professor Crane was ecstatic when he learned that his research study had been approved for publication.His feelings of joy quickly dissipated,however,when he heard a colleague recently had three different research articles accepted for publication.His declining emotional satisfaction is best explained in terms of

Accepted Answer

Professor Crane's decreasing emotional satisfaction can be attributed to relative deprivation, which is the feeling of being worse off than others with whom one compares oneself. In this case, his colleague's success served as a comparison point, leading Professor Crane to perceive his own achievement as less significant or satisfying.

Question 7

Marcy believes that the outcome of athletic contests depends so much on luck that it hardly pays to put any effort into her own athletic training.Her belief most clearly illustrates

Accepted Answer

Marcy's belief that athletic outcomes depend on luck suggests that she has an external locus of control, meaning she feels that external circumstances are responsible for her successes and failures rather than her own efforts. This belief may lead her to feel helpless and unmotivated to try harder, since she feels that her efforts may not make a difference in the outcome.

Question 8

In research studies,dogs that were able to escape electric shocks experienced

Accepted Answer

Dogs that were able to escape electric shocks experienced personal control, which means they believed their actions had an impact on the situation, leading to feelings of empowerment and reduced stress. Option A is incorrect because emotion-focused coping refers to managing one's emotions in response to stress, while personal control refers to beliefs about one's ability to affect outcomes. Option C is incorrect because biofeedback is a technique used to control bodily functions such as heart rate, blood pressure, and breathing through monitoring and altering physiological responses. Option D is incorrect because an external locus of control refers to the belief that outside forces or luck determine one's life outcomes and is not related to the dogs' ability to escape electric shocks.

Question 9

In the long run,people who practice resisting the urge to drink too much alcohol or overeat high-fat foods are likely to experience an increase in

Accepted Answer

Practicing self-control can lead to long-term benefits such as better health and avoiding negative consequences associated with excessive drinking or overeating. The other options (A, B, and C) do not necessarily relate to the benefits of self-control in this context.

Question 10

People's moment-to-moment positive moods tend to be highest near the ________ hours of their waking day and their moment-to-moment negative moods tend to be highest near the ________ hours of their waking day.

Accepted Answer

The answer of People's moment-to-moment positive moods tend to be...

Question 11

After receiving exciting news about the birth of a healthy grandson,Mr.Haney was easily persuaded to contribute a generous sum of money to a neighborhood church.This best illustrates

Accepted Answer

The feel-good, do-good phenomenon describes the tendency for people to be more likely to engage in helpful behavior when they are in a good mood. In this case, Mr. Haney's excitement about the birth of his grandson likely put him in a positive mood and made him more willing to contribute to the church.

Question 12

Type A personality is to Type B personality as ________ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

Type A personalities are characterized as being more irritable and easily frustrated, while Type B personalities are more calm and relaxed. The other choices are not directly related to the characteristics of Type A and Type B personalities.

Question 13

Adam is in a bad mood after receiving a course grade that is much lower than he expected.Aaron is in a good mood after receiving a course grade that is much higher than he expected.Research suggests that Adam is likely to ________ the duration of his bad mood and Aaron is likely to ________ the duration of his good mood.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Adam is in a bad mood after...

Question 14

People with AIDS are most likely to suffer from

Accepted Answer

AIDS attacks the immune system, leading to a reduction in lymphocyte levels, which are crucial for fighting infections. Elevated oxytocin and serotonin levels are not commonly associated with AIDS, and reduced cortisol levels are not a typical symptom.

Question 15

It has been suggested that a stable worldview may contribute to the stress protection associated with

Accepted Answer

Religious involvement has been linked to a stable worldview, which in turn has been associated with better stress management and protection.

Question 16

Which of the following would be the best predictor of good physical health?

Accepted Answer

Research studies consistently show that having a successful and satisfying marriage is associated with better physical health outcomes, such as lower rates of chronic illnesses and longer life expectancy, compared to those who are unmarried or in unhappy marriages. Being single, unhappy, or recently experiencing a divorce are all factors that can negatively impact physical health. Therefore, choice C - having a successful marriage - would be the best predictor of good physical health.

Question 17

Luciano believes that the best way to get over the anger he feels toward his high school teacher is to scream profanities while hitting a punching bag.Luciano is most clearly advocating the value of

Accepted Answer

Luciano is advocating for catharsis, which is the release of emotional tension through some sort of outlet, such as hitting a punching bag. This idea suggests that expressing anger through physical activity can help to reduce the intensity of emotions and may be a helpful coping mechanism for some individuals.

Question 18

Although she is intelligent,Abigail believes that her low grades in school are reflections of her own intellectual incompetence.Her conclusion best illustrates

Accepted Answer

Abigail's belief that her low grades are a reflection of her own intellectual incompetence is an example of a pessimistic outlook. She is not focusing on problem-solving or taking control of the situation, but instead attributing her failure to an internal characteristic that is unlikely to change.

Question 19

Considering that oxytocin is a social-bonding hormone,which of the following situations would NOT lead to the release of oxytocin?

Accepted Answer

Oxytocin is released during social bonding activities such as cuddling, breastfeeding, and giving massages. However, participating in a research study is not a social bonding activity and would not lead to the release of oxytocin.

Question 20

Which of the following is useful for learning which techniques can help control a specific physiological response based on a person's own efforts?

Accepted Answer

Biofeedback is a technique that allows individuals to learn how to control their physiological responses such as heart rate, blood pressure, and muscle tension, based on their own efforts. It provides immediate feedback about changes in these responses and teaches individuals how to use specific techniques such as relaxation and deep breathing to control these responses. Mindful meditation, aerobic exercise, and social support can also have positive effects on physiological responses, but they may not provide as specific and targeted feedback as biofeedback.

Quiz 11: Stress, Health, and Human Flourishing