Question 1

The nurse is preparing to discuss postpartum depression as a part of discharge teaching with the parents of a newborn.Which of the following nursing actions would be most therapeutic regarding early detection of this postpartum condition?

Accepted Answer

Educating both new mothers and their families regarding the signs and symptoms of postpartum stress and depression will facilitate early detection and treatment of the condition.While preventing social isolation is important to the prevention of generalized depression,it has little impact on detecting the signs and symptoms of the condition.While the video may be informative it is not the most therapeutic option because it lacks interaction between the nurse and the clients.While Option 3 is appropriate in regard to minimizing the risk of developing depression stemming from postpartum stressors,it does not directly impact the identification of the signs and symptoms of the condition.

Question 2

The most serious risk for death for a young adult living in rural poverty is:

Accepted Answer

A young adult is more likely to die of self-inflicted injury when living at or below the poverty level when no other risk factors (i.e. ,a violent environment,drug abuse,etc. )are present.In 2002 the death rate (per 100,000 population)for 25- to 34-year-olds in the United States caused by homicide was 11.2;the death rate caused by accidents was 31.5;and the death rate caused by suicide was 12.6 (U.S.Department of Health and Human Services [USDHHS]).

Question 3

A 49-year-old client is experiencing problems with depression.She has come to the clinic showing signs of malnutrition and fatigue.Which of the following is the best initial statement for the nurse to make in the assessment phase?

Accepted Answer

Mood changes and depression are common phenomena during menopause,and this client is in the expected age range to be experiencing menopause.Asking the client about weight loss may be an indication to verify depression;however,it is not the best initial response.Depression is not something to expect,although it can occur.Depression is not uncommon during menopause.

Question 4

The nurse is alert to stressors that may have an influence on the young adult client.One example of a common stressor for this age-group is:

Accepted Answer

A common stressor for the young adult is job stress.Health-related matters are not common stressors for the young adult.Coping with cognitive changes is not a common stressor for the young adult.Caring for older adult parents is more often seen with the middle adult,not the young adult.

Question 5

A nurse is preparing an education program on safety for a young adult group.Based on the major cause of mortality and morbidity for this age-group,the nurse should focus on:

Accepted Answer

Violence is the greatest cause of mortality and morbidity in the young adult population.Deaths and injury from motor vehicle accidents are significant among this age-group.Unplanned pregnancies may be a source of stress but is not the major cause of mortality and morbidity in the young adult population.Exposure to work-related hazards or agents may cause diseases and cancer,but it is not the major cause of mortality and morbidity in this age-group.Developing healthy habits to prevent heart disease later in life is important,but heart disease is not the leading cause of mortality and morbidity for the young adult.

Question 6

The nurse,trying to promote positive health habits regarding stress management is aware of the external influences on young and middle adult clients.With this knowledge,the nurse recognizes that an effective strategy for this age-group is:

Accepted Answer

Exercise on a routine basis can be an effective strategy to reduce the stress experienced by young and middle adults.Exercise is a positive health habit for this age-group.Clients do not have to abstain from all alcohol consumption.Teaching clients to abstain from excessive alcohol consumption is important,but it is not a proactive positive health habit to help reduce stress.Monitoring one's blood pressure may be important,but it is not a proactive positive health habit to help reduce stress.Teaching clients about types of medication used for treating depression does not help the client develop positive health habits for reducing stress.

Question 7

A nurse is working in the health office at a local college where most of the students are young adults.Being aware of the major concerns for this age-group,the nurse includes assessment of these clients':

Accepted Answer

The young adult client may benefit from a personal lifestyle assessment to help identify habits that increase the risk for cardiac,malignant,pulmonary,renal,or other chronic diseases.Assessing a client's marital status does not offer much information about the client's health or risk for future illnesses.Assessing a client's experience with chronic disease is less appropriate for this age-group.Assessing the client's history of childhood accidents does not offer much information about the client's current health or risk for future illnesses.

Question 8

Which of the following young adults is at greatest risk for experiencing death or injury?

Accepted Answer

Violence is the greatest cause of mortality and morbidity in the young adult population.Factors that predispose individuals to violence,injury,or death include poverty,family breakdown,child abuse and neglect,repeated exposure to violence,and ready access to guns.This option represents an individual who most likely is both poor and exposed to an environment of repeated violent acts.While Option 1 represents a potential for physical and mental abuse,it does not present the level of potential violence existing in Option 3.While Option 2 represents a potential for physical injury and possible death,it does not present the level of potential violence existing in Option 3.While Option 4 represents a potential for physical injury and possible death,it does not present the level of potential violence existing in Option 3.

Question 9

Research has shown that certain postpartum factors negatively affect a woman's general health status after pregnancy.Which of the following women has the greatest risk factor for poor postpartum health?

Accepted Answer

Postpartum stress and depression have significant effects on postpartum women's health.In addition,a lack of social support can affect women's health adversely.This woman is the most likely mother to be experiencing depression and economic stressors as well as a lack of support.While fatigue,loss of appetite,and insomnia may be reflective of depression,there are no indications of the other high-risk factors.While this woman may be experiencing anxiety over being away from her career for 3 months,there is no indication of the other risk factors.While this mother may well be at risk for depression and possible financial stressors,there is no indication of a lack of support.

Question 10

A client thinks that she might be pregnant.Which first trimester physiological changes would most likely indicate this?

Accepted Answer

Amenorrhea and nausea are physiological changes that may indicate pregnancy in the first trimester.Braxton Hicks contractions are noted during the second trimester of pregnancy.Increased urinary frequency is commonly seen in the third trimester of pregnancy.Edematous ankles and dyspnea may be experienced during the third trimester of pregnancy.

Question 11

During a routine physical assessment a 27-year-old client acknowledges the suspension of his driver's license because of an arrest for driving under the influence of alcohol.This admission should prompt the nurse to discuss which of the following in detail with the client?

Accepted Answer

Reports of arrests because of driving while intoxicated,wife or child abuse,or disorderly conduct are reasons for you to investigate the possibility of drug abuse more carefully.A history of depression is not necessarily a risk factor for illegal drug abuse.Unprotected sex is not necessarily a risk factor for illegal drug abuse.A tendency toward violent behavior is not necessarily a risk factor for illegal abuse.

Question 12

Individuals at the young adult point in their life are generally expected to,according to developmental patterns:

Accepted Answer

Young adults generally are quite active,experience severe illnesses less commonly than older age-groups,tend to ignore physical symptoms,and often postpone seeking health care.Young adults generally do not continue their physical growth.Young adults experience severe illnesses less commonly than older age-groups.Young adults often postpone seeking health care.

Question 13

As an individual enters middle adulthood health problems generally become more prevalent.The middle adult may be influenced by chronic illness that results in:

Accepted Answer

A few examples of the problems experienced by clients who develop debilitating chronic illness during adulthood include role reversal,changes in sexual behavior,and alterations in self-image.Chronic illness would result in increased health care tasks.Family roles are often changed with chronic illness,not reinforced.Strained family relationships may result from chronic illness.

Question 14

Because young adults are less likely to experience serious illness,which of the following nursing interventions is most effective in determining risk for illness in this age-group?

Accepted Answer

A personal lifestyle assessment (see Chapter 6)helps nurses and clients identify habits that increase the risk for cardiac,malignant,pulmonary,renal,or other chronic diseases.Health screening helps detect the presence of disease processes.Full body systems assessment would determine deviation from normal but not necessarily identify risk for illness.Cardiopulmonary focal assessment would determine deviation from normal but not necessarily identify risk for illness.

Question 15

To determine how the client,who is a single parent of three children,will be able to cope with the current pregnancy,the nurse should ask the client:

Accepted Answer

This could be a situational crisis for a single-parent family.The nurse should assess environmental and familial factors,including support systems and coping mechanisms commonly used.Asking the client whether she has ever been married does not assess her ability to cope with the pregnancy.Asking the client where she works may help determine if there are any environmental factors that may place her pregnancy at risk,but it does not assess her ability to cope with the pregnancy.This would not be the most opportune time to discuss contraception with the client and may convey a message of disapproval.Nor does asking the client about contraception assess her ability to cope with the pregnancy.

Question 16

The nurse is performing a physical examination on a 58-year-old adult client.The nurse will most likely find that the client of this age is experiencing which one of the following physiological changes related to normal aging?

Accepted Answer

There is a slow,progressive decrease in skin turgor in the middle adult.The thyroid lobes should not be palpable in the middle adult.Pupillary reaction to light and accommodation should not change in the middle adult.A normal change in the middle adult is a decreased range of joint motion.

Question 17

A client who works in a dry cleaning establishment comes to the clinic for a regular check-up.Based on this information,the nurse assesses the client for:

Accepted Answer

Persons who work in dry cleaning establishments are exposed to solvents that may cause dermatitis or liver disease.Asbestosis is more likely to be found as an occupational hazard for automobile workers and insulators.Tendonitis may result from repetitive wrist motion as seen in office computer workers.Raynaud's phenomenon may result from vibration as seen with jackhammer operators.

Question 18

The nurse is completing a physical exam for a 45-year-old client who has come to the family practice office.In evaluating the observations made during the examination,the nurse recognizes that an expected finding for a client in this age-group is:

Accepted Answer

The visual acuity tested by the Snellen chart should be less than 20/50.Hepatomegaly is not an expected finding and would be considered abnormal.Oral temperature should be 36.1 to 37.6° C.The expected finding would be a slow,progressive decrease in skin turgor.

Question 19

The nurse is performing a physical examination on a 40-year-old adult client.The nurse will most likely find that the client of this age is experiencing which one of the following physiological changes related to normal aging?

Accepted Answer

A physiological change related to normal aging in the middle adult would be decreased strength of abdominal muscles.The middle adult should have normal auditory structures and acuity.The middle adult should have a normal sense of smell.The middle adult should have normal functioning of the cranial nerves.

Question 20

When discussing the stressors felt by a single mother in her 30s,the nurse recognizes that the greatest financial impact on this family is caused by:

Accepted Answer

According to the AFL-CIO (2004)workers' union,women in the United States are paid 76 cents for every dollar men receive for comparable work.This fact has an all-encompassing effect on the single-parent household.The cost of living is rising;it is not unique to the single mother.While court-ordered support often is inadequate,it does not have the impact that earning power has on the family income.While daycare expenses can be a strain,does not have the impact that earning power has on the family income.

Quiz 13: Young to Middle Adult