Question 1

Radium-226 decays by alpha decay to

Accepted Answer

Radium-226 undergoes alpha decay by emitting an alpha particle (2 protons and 2 neutrons), resulting in the formation of radon-222.

Question 2

The unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material is called then

Accepted Answer

The "rad" is the unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material. It stands for "radiation absorbed dose."

Question 3

The recommended dosage of I-131 for a test is 4.2 microcuries per kg of body weight. How many mCi should be given to a 55 kg patient? (1 mCi = 1000 μCi)

Accepted Answer

First, we need to convert the recommended dosage from microcuries to millicuries.

4.2 microcuries/kg x 55 kg = 231 microcuries

To convert microcuries to millicuries, we divide by 1,000:

231 microcuries ÷ 1,000 = 0.231 millicuries, or 0.23 mCi

Therefore, the correct answer is B.

Question 4

The nuclear reaction  Sn →  Sb + ? is an example of

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nuclear reaction  Sn → ...

Question 5

What is missing in the nuclear reaction shown below? 
 B +  He → ________ +  n

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is missing in the nuclear reaction...

Question 6

A patient receives 4.2 × 10³ mrads of iodine-131, which emits β-particles. If the factor that adjusts for biological damage is 1 for β-particles, how many rems did the patient receive?

Accepted Answer

The dose in rems is calculated by multiplying the dose in rads by the quality factor (QF). Since the QF for β-particles is 1, the dose in rems is the same as the dose in rads: 4.2 × 10^3 rads = 4.2 × 10^3 rems, which is approximately 4 rems.

Question 7

One symptom of mild radiation sickness is

Accepted Answer

Mild radiation sickness can cause damage to the bone marrow, which can lead to a lowered white cell count.

Question 8

Nitrogen-17 is a beta emitter. What is the isotope produced in the radioactive decay?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Nitrogen-17 is a beta emitter. What is...

Question 9

A patient receives 10 mrads of gamma radiation. If the factor that adjusts for biological damage for for gamma radiation is 1, how many mrems did the patient receive?

Accepted Answer

The factor that adjusts for biological damage is 1, which means that 1 rad of gamma radiation is equal to 1 rem of biological damage. Therefore, 10 mrads is also equal to 10 mrems of biological damage.

Question 10

Gamma rays may be detected using

Accepted Answer

Gamma rays can be detected using a Geiger counter, a film badge, and X-ray film, making all the listed devices suitable for detection.

Question 11

A sample of technetium-99m has an activity of 1.5 Ci. How many disintegrations occur in the technetium-99m sample in 5.0 sec?

Accepted Answer

The activity of the sample is given by the number of disintegrations per second. This means that we can find the number of disintegrations in 5.0 seconds by multiplying the activity (in Ci) by the time (in seconds).

1 Ci = 3.7 × 10^10 disintegrations per second

Therefore, the number of disintegrations in 5.0 seconds is:

1.5 Ci × (5.0 seconds) × (3.7 × 10^10 disintegrations per second) = 2.8 × 10^11 disintegrations

Question 12

What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation?  W →  Hf + ?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the radioactive particle released in...

Question 13

Iodine-131 decays by beta decay to

Accepted Answer

Iodine-131 undergoes beta decay, where a neutron is converted into a proton, resulting in the formation of xenon-131.

Question 14

What is missing in the nuclear reaction shown below? 
 Zn +  p → ________

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is missing in the nuclear reaction...

Question 15

A sample of cerium-141 for a diagnostic test was dissolved in saline solution to an activity of 4.5 mCi/mL. If the patient undergoing the test needs a dose of 10. mCi, how much of the solution should be injected into the patient?

Accepted Answer

The activity of the solution is 4.5 mCi/mL, and the patient needs a dose of 10 mCi. Therefore, the volume of the solution that should be injected into the patient is 10 mCi / 4.5 mCi/mL = 2.2 mL.

Question 16

What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation? 
 Sr →  Y + ?

Accepted Answer

The arrow in the nuclear equation shows that a beta particle (an electron) is released, resulting in the transformation of the Sr nucleus into a Y nucleus.

Question 17

What is missing in the nuclear reaction shown below?  B +  He →  N + ________

Accepted Answer

The nuclear reaction shows the collision of Boron-11 with Helium-4, resulting in Nitrogen-14, but the equation is incomplete because it does not account for the conservation of mass and charge. A neutron is missing in the equation, as Boron-11 contains five protons and six neutrons, while Helium-4 has two protons and two neutrons. Adding a neutron would balance the equation and conserve mass and charge.

Question 18

When aluminum-27 is bombarded with a neutron, a gamma ray is emitted. What radioactive isotope is produced?

Accepted Answer

When aluminum-27 absorbs a neutron and a gamma ray is emitted, it undergoes neutron capture, producing aluminum-28.

Question 19

What is the radiation particle used in the bombardment of nitrogen-14? 
 N + ? →  C +  H

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the radiation particle used in...

Question 20

A person begins to suffer radiation sickness at an exposure level of

Accepted Answer

The threshold for radiation sickness is around 100 rem. Therefore, the correct option is D. Option A and B are too low, and option C and E are too high.

Quiz 5: Nuclear Chemistry

Radium-226 decays by alpha decay to

The unit used to measure the amount of radiation absorbed by a gram of material is called then

The recommended dosage of I-131 for a test is 4.2 microcuries per kg of body weight. How many mCi should be given to a 55 kg patient? (1 mCi = 1000 μCi)

The nuclear reaction Sn → Sb + ? is an example of

What is missing in the nuclear reaction shown below? B + He → ________ + n

A patient receives 4.2 × 103 mrads of iodine-131, which emits β-particles. If the factor that adjusts for biological damage is 1 for β-particles, how many rems did the patient receive?

One symptom of mild radiation sickness is

Nitrogen-17 is a beta emitter. What is the isotope produced in the radioactive decay?

A patient receives 10 mrads of gamma radiation. If the factor that adjusts for biological damage for for gamma radiation is 1, how many mrems did the patient receive?

Gamma rays may be detected using

A sample of technetium-99m has an activity of 1.5 Ci. How many disintegrations occur in the technetium-99m sample in 5.0 sec?

What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation? W → Hf + ?

Iodine-131 decays by beta decay to

What is missing in the nuclear reaction shown below? Zn + p → ________

A sample of cerium-141 for a diagnostic test was dissolved in saline solution to an activity of 4.5 mCi/mL. If the patient undergoing the test needs a dose of 10. mCi, how much of the solution should be injected into the patient?

What is the radioactive particle released in the following nuclear equation? Sr → Y + ?

What is missing in the nuclear reaction shown below? B + He → N + ________

When aluminum-27 is bombarded with a neutron, a gamma ray is emitted. What radioactive isotope is produced?

What is the radiation particle used in the bombardment of nitrogen-14? N + ? → C + H

A person begins to suffer radiation sickness at an exposure level of

A patient receives 4.2 × 10³ mrads of iodine-131, which emits β-particles. If the factor that adjusts for biological damage is 1 for β-particles, how many rems did the patient receive?