Question 1

Several cans of different sizes and shapes are all filled with the same liquid to the same depth. Then:

Accepted Answer

The pressure on the bottom of each can is the same because the depth and liquid are the same. Pressure equals force divided by area, and since the force on the bottom is the weight of the liquid, which is the same for all cans, the pressure will also be the same.

Question 2

The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:

Accepted Answer

When the man stands on the toes of one foot, his weight is distributed over a smaller area, thus increasing the pressure exerted on the ground.

Question 3

All fluids are:

Accepted Answer

All fluids can exist in either a gas or liquid state, hence they can be classified as either gases or liquids.

Question 4

Which of the following five statements, concerning the upper surface pressure of a liquid, is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following five statements, concerning...

Question 5

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density $\rho$. When the elevator has an upward acceleration a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance $\Delta$h, is given by:

Accepted Answer

The pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance h is given by the equation:

ΔP = ρgh

Where ΔP is the pressure difference, ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the vertical distance between the two points.

When the elevator has an upward acceleration a, the effective gravitational acceleration experienced by the fluid is (g + a). Therefore, the pressure difference becomes:

ΔP = ρ(g + a)h

Thus, the correct answer is choice C.

Question 6

1 Pa is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of 1 Pa is:
...

Question 7

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density $\rho$. When the elevator has a downward acceleration of magnitude a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid, separated by a vertical distance $\Delta$h, is given by:

Accepted Answer

The correct formula for the pressure difference in a fluid due to acceleration is $\rho(g - a)\Delta h$, where $\rho$ is the fluid density, $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity, $a$ is the acceleration of the elevator, and $\Delta h$ is the vertical distance between two points in the fluid. Since the elevator is accelerating downwards, the effective acceleration acting on the fluid is $g - a$.

Question 8

The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height. Rank them according to the pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

The answer of The vessels shown below all contain water...

Question 9

A closed hemispherical shell of radius R is filled with fluid at uniform pressure p. The net force of the fluid on the curved portion of the shell is given by:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A closed hemispherical shell of radius R...

Question 10

The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional area A and partially filled with oil of density $\rho$. A solid cylinder, which fits the tube tightly but can slide without friction, is placed in the right arm. The system reaches equilibrium. The weight of the cylinder is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional...

Question 11

Two identical blocks of ice float in water as shown. Then:

Accepted Answer

The amount of water displaced by an object is equal to the weight of the object. Since the two blocks of ice are identical in weight, they will displace equal volumes of water. The other answer choices are either incorrect or do not affect the amount of water displaced.

Question 12

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water. Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm³, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm. The length of the oil column is then:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A uniform U-tube is partially filled with...

Question 13

Mercury is a convenient liquid to use in a barometer because:

Accepted Answer

Mercury is a good choice for a barometer because it has a high density, meaning it is heavy for its size. This allows for greater sensitivity in measuring changes in atmospheric pressure. Additionally, mercury is a liquid at room temperature, which allows it to easily flow through the barometer tube and accurately represent changes in pressure.

Question 14

In a stationary homogeneous liquid:

Accepted Answer

In a stationary homogeneous liquid, the pressure is the same at all points at the same level. This is known as Pascal's law which states that the pressure applied to a confined fluid is transmitted uniformly in all directions and acts with the same force on equal areas. The pressure may differ at different levels due to the weight of the liquid, but it is the same horizontally at the same level. Option A and B are not true as pressure may vary with the direction and vertical depth. Option C is also not true as the atmospheric pressure on the upper surface of the liquid affects the pressure at the same level within the liquid.

Question 15

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their:

Accepted Answer

The answer of Gases may be distinguished from other forms...

Question 16

If p is a pressure and $\rho$is a density then p/$\rho$ has units of:

Accepted Answer

Pressure (p) has units of N/m², and density (ρ) has units of kg/m³. Dividing pressure by density gives (N/m²) / (kg/m³) = m²/s².

Question 17

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm³. The density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

Accepted Answer

Since the U-tube is balanced, the pressure at points A and B must be equal. Thus, the weight of the water in the left column must be equal to the weight of the oil in the right column. We know that the density of water is 1.0 g/cm^3. Let x be the density of the oil in the right column. Then, the weight of the oil column is (12 cm)*x*(1 cm^2)*g, where g is the acceleration due to gravity. The weight of the water column is (8 cm)*(1.0 g/cm^3)*(1 cm^2)*g. Since these weights are equal, we have:

(12 cm)*x*(1 cm^2)*g = (8 cm)*(1.0 g/cm^3)*(1 cm^2)*g
x = (8 cm)/(12 cm) * (1.0 g/cm^3) = 0.67 g/cm^3

This value is closest to option B, which is 0.80 g/cm^3.

Question 18

A bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed across a horizontal surface. Consider the pressure at two points at the same level in the water.

Accepted Answer

When the bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed, the water experiences a pseudo force to the left due to its inertia. This causes the water to exert more pressure on the left side of the bucket, making the pressure higher at the point on the left.

Question 19

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 * 10³ kg/m³). When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 *10³ kg/m ³) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

Accepted Answer

The difference in height of mercury is due to the pressure exerted by the 10 cm column of water. Using the formula for pressure difference, $P = h\rho g$, and equating it to the pressure due to the mercury column, we find the height difference. Given the density ratio of mercury to water is 13.6, the height of the mercury column that would exert the same pressure as a 10 cm water column is $10 \, \text{cm} / 13.6 = 0.735 \, \text{cm}$. Since the mercury level rises in one arm and falls in the other, the actual change in height observed in one arm is half of this, or approximately 0.36 cm.

Question 20

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80 cm², is partially evacuated. Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 *10⁵ Pa. A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box. The pressure in the box was:

Accepted Answer

The pressure difference between the inside and outside of the box is equal to the force required to pull the lid off divided by the area of the lid. Therefore, the pressure in the box is:$$P = \frac{F}{A} = \frac{108 	ext{ lb}}{80 	ext{ cm}^2} = 1.35 	imes 10^5 	ext{ Pa}$$Converting to Pascals:$$P = 1.35 	imes 10^5 	ext{ Pa} 	imes \frac{1 	ext{ atm}}{1.013 	imes 10^5 	ext{ Pa}} = 1.33 	ext{ atm}$$Therefore, the pressure in the box is closest to 1.38 atm, which is choice A.

Quiz 14: Fluids

Several cans of different sizes and shapes are all filled with the same liquid to the same depth. Then:

The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:

All fluids are:

Which of the following five statements, concerning the upper surface pressure of a liquid, is FALSE?

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density $\rho$ . When the elevator has an upward acceleration a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance $\Delta$ h, is given by:

1 Pa is:

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density $\rho$ . When the elevator has a downward acceleration of magnitude a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid, separated by a vertical distance $\Delta$ h, is given by:

The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height. Rank them according to the pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.

A closed hemispherical shell of radius R is filled with fluid at uniform pressure p. The net force of the fluid on the curved portion of the shell is given by:

Two identical blocks of ice float in water as shown. Then:

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water. Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm³, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm. The length of the oil column is then:

Mercury is a convenient liquid to use in a barometer because:

In a stationary homogeneous liquid:

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their:

If p is a pressure and $\rho$ is a density then p/ $\rho$ has units of:

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm³. The density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

A bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed across a horizontal surface. Consider the pressure at two points at the same level in the water.

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 * 10³ kg/m³) . When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 *10³ kg/m ³) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80 cm², is partially evacuated. Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 *10⁵ Pa. A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box. The pressure in the box was:

Quiz 14: Fluids

Several cans of different sizes and shapes are all filled with the same liquid to the same depth. Then:

The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:

All fluids are:

Which of the following five statements, concerning the upper surface pressure of a liquid, is FALSE?

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density ρ\rhoρ . When the elevator has an upward acceleration a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance Δ\DeltaΔ h, is given by:

1 Pa is:

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density ρ\rhoρ . When the elevator has a downward acceleration of magnitude a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid, separated by a vertical distance Δ\DeltaΔ h, is given by:

The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height. Rank them according to the pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.

A closed hemispherical shell of radius R is filled with fluid at uniform pressure p. The net force of the fluid on the curved portion of the shell is given by:

The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional area A and partially filled with oil of density ρ\rhoρ . A solid cylinder, which fits the tube tightly but can slide without friction, is placed in the right arm. The system reaches equilibrium. The weight of the cylinder is:

Two identical blocks of ice float in water as shown. Then:

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water. Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm3, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm. The length of the oil column is then:

Mercury is a convenient liquid to use in a barometer because:

In a stationary homogeneous liquid:

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their:

If p is a pressure and ρ\rhoρ is a density then p/ ρ\rhoρ has units of:

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm3. The density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

A bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed across a horizontal surface. Consider the pressure at two points at the same level in the water.

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 * 103 kg/m3) . When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 *103 kg/m 3) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80 cm2, is partially evacuated. Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 *105 Pa. A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box. The pressure in the box was:

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density $\rho$ . When the elevator has an upward acceleration a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance $\Delta$ h, is given by:

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density $\rho$ . When the elevator has a downward acceleration of magnitude a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid, separated by a vertical distance $\Delta$ h, is given by:

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water. Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm³, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm. The length of the oil column is then:

If p is a pressure and $\rho$ is a density then p/ $\rho$ has units of:

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm³. The density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 * 10³ kg/m³) . When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 *10³ kg/m ³) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80 cm², is partially evacuated. Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 *10⁵ Pa. A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box. The pressure in the box was: