Question 1

Hi-Yield Agriculture,Inc. ,makes a pesticide with a one-in-a-million risk to people of developing cancer from exposure.This substance must be

Accepted Answer

The pesticide must be registered with the appropriate regulatory agency before it can be sold. This registration process includes a thorough evaluation of the pesticide's safety profile, including its potential risks and benefits. The one-in-a-million risk of cancer is considered an acceptable risk by regulatory agencies as it is within their risk evaluation criteria. The product can be sold and used as long as it is used according to label directions to minimize exposure to people.

Question 2

Verna makes a living by commercial fishing in a river allegedly polluted by Wall Paint Company.To bring a suit against Wall Paint on the ground of private nuisance,Verna must allege that she suffers from

Accepted Answer

To bring a successful suit for private nuisance, Verna must show that she has suffered a distinct harm that is different from the harm suffered by the general public. This harm must be something specific to Verna and not just a general harm impacting everyone. In this case, Verna's harm is the impact of the polluted river on her commercial fishing business, which is separate and distinct from any harm suffered by the general public.

Question 3

The Social Security Administration hires Thorough Paving,Inc. ,to repave a parking lot.For this action,an environmental impact state?ment is most likely

Accepted Answer

An environmental impact statement is unnecessary because repaving a parking lot is not considered a "major" federal action significantly affecting the environment.

Question 4

Natural Gas Company does not use proper filters on its smokestacks,which consequently pollute the air.Obie,a Natural Gas employee,suffers respiratory illness.To succeed in a suit against Natural Gas on the ground of negligence,Obie must show that he suffers from

Accepted Answer

In order to succeed in a suit against Natural Gas on the ground of negligence, Obie must show that Natural Gas failed to use reasonable care to avert harm to him specifically. The harm does not need to be distinct from that affecting the general public, nor does it need to be lesser than an injunction imposed on Natural Gas.

Question 5

Rural Electric Company submits a bid to build a dam on federal land as part of a federal project.For this action,an environmental impact state?ment is most likely

Accepted Answer

When a company submits a bid to build a dam on federal land as part of a federal project, an environmental impact statement is most likely required. The National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) requires any federal agency to prepare an Environmental Impact Statement (EIS) before taking any major action that significantly affects the environment. In this case, building a dam on federal land would be considered a major action that could have significant environmental impacts, thus requiring an EIS.

Question 6

Arcata,California,passes an ordinance to regulate waste disposal.The disposal of waste may also be regulated by

Accepted Answer

Waste disposal is a matter of both local and national concern, and hence, all other levels of government, including state and federal, may regulate waste disposal.

Question 7

Bread & Pastries Baking Company operates a commercial baking plant-a "major source"-that emits hazardous air pollutants for which the Environmental Protection Agency has set maximum levels of emission.The plant does not use any equipment to reduce its emissions.Under the Clean Air Act,this is most likely

Accepted Answer

The fact that Bread & Pastries Baking Company operates a commercial baking plant that emits hazardous air pollutants for which the EPA has set maximum levels of emission, and does not use any equipment to reduce its emissions, indicates a violation of the Clean Air Act.

Question 8

Green River Energy Corporation wants to begin operations that include the discharge of waste into navi?gable waters.Under the Clean Water Act,Green River must install certain equipment

Accepted Answer

Under the Clean Water Act, any facility that plans to discharge pollutants into navigable waters must obtain a permit and install certain equipment before beginning operations. This ensures that the facility is taking steps to minimize the impact of their operations on the environment.

Question 9

New Town Construction,Inc. ,wants to build a parking ramp to connect to its New Town Mall,both of which are on private land.For this action,an environmental impact statement is

Accepted Answer

The answer of New Town Construction,Inc. ,wants to build a...

Question 10

Little City Company operates a public water supply system.Little must send to every household that it supplies with water an annual statement describing

Accepted Answer

Little City Company operates a public water supply system, hence it is mandatory for them to inform every household about the source of water, any contaminants, and potential health concerns associated with it. This is important to ensure transparency and build trust between the company and its customers. Option A, B, and C are not relevant to this requirement and hence can be eliminated.

Question 11

The operations of Metal Refining Industries,Inc. ,are major sources of air pollu?tion.These operations must use

Accepted Answer

The Clean Air Act requires major sources of air pollution to use Maximum Achievable Control Technology (MACT) to reduce emissions to the greatest extent possible. This mandate applies to Metal Refining Industries, Inc. Therefore, the company must implement the maximum achievable control technology to minimize its air pollution emissions.

Question 12

Timberline Plywood Company discharges its untreated wastewater into Urban City's storm drainage pipes,which empty into Valley Creek.Under the Clean Water Act,this discharge is most likely

Accepted Answer

Discharging untreated wastewater into storm drainage pipes which eventually leads to a water body like Valley Creek is a violation of the Clean Water Act. The Act prohibits any discharge of pollutants from any point source into navigable waters without a permit. The storm drainage pipe is considered a point source, and Timberline Plywood Company is responsible for obtaining a permit for any discharge of untreated wastewater into it.

Question 13

Ultra Kleen,Inc. ,operates a chain of laundry establishments throughout the United States.The government entity that is most likely to be involved in regulating the chain's environmental impact is

Accepted Answer

Federal and state regulatory agencies are responsible for enforcing environmental regulations that ensure companies are not contributing to pollution and other environmental concerns. Local chambers of commerce are more focused on promoting local businesses and economic growth, while local police departments are responsible for maintaining law and order in the community. Congress has the power to create and pass environmental legislation, but the actual enforcement is carried out by regulatory agencies.

Question 14

Hydraulic Equipment Company makes its products without required pollution control technology,causing a discharge of oily waste into the nearby Idle Lake.This activity can re?sult in

Accepted Answer

Hydraulic Equipment Company's actions constitute a violation of environmental laws, and as such, they can be subject to criminal fines, imprisonment, injunctions, and damages. The exact penalties will depend on the severity of the violation, but it is likely that a combination of these options will be pursued to ensure that the company addresses their pollution and prevents further harm to the environment.

Question 15

Fact Pattern 46-1B 
Rock Mining Company operates a gravel pit next to Sid's residence.Sid files a suit against Rock,alleging that the pit is a nuisance and unreasonably inter?feres with Sid's enjoyment of his property.
-Refer to Fact Pattern 46-1B.The court is most likely to award Sid an injunction

Accepted Answer

The court is most likely to award Sid an injunction if letting the pollution continue is more harmful than stopping it. This is because courts aim to protect the rights of property owners and prevent harm to them. Therefore, if the gravel pit is causing a significant and unreasonable interference with Sid's enjoyment of his property, the court may order Rock to stop the nuisance in order to protect Sid's property rights.

Question 16

Fact Pattern 46-1B 
Rock Mining Company operates a gravel pit next to Sid's residence.Sid files a suit against Rock,alleging that the pit is a nuisance and unreasonably inter?feres with Sid's enjoyment of his property.
-Refer to Fact Pattern 46-1B.The court is most likely to award Sid damages

Accepted Answer

The answer of Fact Pattern 46-1B 
Rock Mining Company operates...

Question 17

Without a permit from the U.S.Army Corps of Engineers,Holiday Timeshares,Inc. ,fills a wetlands area that it owns before constructing a residential resort.Under the Clean Water Act,this is most likely

Accepted Answer

Under the Clean Water Act, a permit is required from the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers before any filling or dredging activity can take place in wetlands. Filling a wetlands area without a permit is a violation of this law. The fact that the area was filled before construction or that there was no discharge of pollution does not exempt the company from obtaining the required permit.

Question 18

Petro Industries,Inc. ,operates an oil refinery near Quigley River,which flows into Royal Lake.Discharging oil from the refinery into the river can result in

Accepted Answer

Discharging oil from the refinery into the river can harm the environment and wildlife, leading to penalties and damages. Petro Industries, Inc. must follow the regulations set by the government to avoid any such consequences.

Question 19

Remote Disposal Company operates a hazardous waste storage facility.Concerned that there may be a release of chemicals from the site,Remote sells the property to Serene Developers,Inc.If there is a release,Remote is most likely

Accepted Answer

Remote Disposal Company would still be liable for any potential releases of hazardous waste from the site even if they sold the property to Serene Developers Inc. Liability would depend on when the hazardous waste was released and what caused it, not on who currently owns the property. Therefore, option A is the correct answer.

Question 20

Midwest Power Corporation wants to build a nuclear power plant on pri?vate land,for which a federal permit is required.For this action,an en?viron?mental impact statement is

Accepted Answer

For any major federal action, including building a nuclear power plant, an environmental impact statement (EIS) is required by the National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA) of 1970. The purpose of the EIS is to analyze the potential environmental impact of the proposed action and to inform decision-makers and the public about the potential consequences. Therefore, Midwest Power Corporation must prepare an EIS for their proposed nuclear power plant.

Quiz 46: A: Environmental Law