Question 1

Several cans of different sizes and shapes are all filled with the same liquid to the same depth.Then:

Accepted Answer

Since all the cans are filled with the same liquid to the same depth, the pressure at the bottom of each can will be the same. This is because pressure is determined by the depth and density of the liquid, both of which are constant in this scenario. Therefore, the correct choice is E.

Question 2

The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:

Accepted Answer

When the man stands on the toes of one foot, his weight is distributed over a smaller area, thus increasing the pressure exerted on the ground.

Question 3

If p is a pressure and    is a mass density then p/  has units of:

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional area A and partially filled with oil of density   .A solid cylinder, which fits the tube tightly but can slide without friction, is placed in the right arm.The system reaches equilibrium.The weight of the cylinder is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional...

Question 5

Which of the following five statements, concerning the upper surface pressure of a liquid, is FALSE?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following five statements, concerning...

Question 6

Mercury is a convenient liquid to use in a barometer because:

Accepted Answer

Mercury has a high density, which means that a small column of it can exert a large pressure at the bottom of a barometer tube. This allows for more accurate readings of atmospheric pressure. Additionally, mercury has a low vapor pressure and does not stick to glass or metal, making it a convenient liquid for use in barometers.

Question 7

A closed hemispherical shell of radius R is filled with fluid at uniform pressure p.The net force of the fluid on the curved portion of the shell is given by:

Accepted Answer

The net force on the curved surface of a hemispherical shell due to uniform pressure is given by the product of pressure and the projected area of the curved surface, which is $\pi R^2$.

Question 8

A bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed across a horizontal surface.Consider the pressure at two points at the same level in the water.

Accepted Answer

When the bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed, the water experiences a pseudo force to the left due to its inertia. This causes the water to exert more pressure on the left side of the bucket, making the pressure higher at the point on the left.

Question 9

In a stationary homogeneous liquid:

Accepted Answer

In a stationary homogeneous liquid, the pressure is the same at all points at the same level. This is because the weight of the liquid above a given point exerts a uniform pressure in all directions, causing the pressure to be equal at all points on the same level. Pressure does depend on the depth of the liquid, but not on the direction or any atmospheric pressure on the upper surface of the liquid.

Question 10

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 x 10³ kg/m³).When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 x 10³ kg/m ³)is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

Accepted Answer

The difference in height of mercury is due to the pressure exerted by the 10 cm column of water. Using the formula for pressure difference, $P = h\rho g$, and equating it to the pressure due to the mercury column, we find the height difference. Given the density ratio of mercury to water is 13.6, the height of the mercury column that would exert the same pressure as a 10 cm water column is $10 \, \text{cm} / 13.6 = 0.735 \, \text{cm}$. Since the mercury level rises in one arm and falls in the other, the actual change in height observed in one arm is half of this, or approximately 0.36 cm.

Question 11

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm³.If h = 20 cm, the density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

Accepted Answer

Since the U-tube is open to the atmosphere, the pressure at both ends of the tube is the same. Therefore, the pressure difference is due to the difference in the heights of the liquids in the two columns. Using the equation P = ρgh, where P is the pressure difference, ρ is the density of the liquid, g is the acceleration due to gravity, and h is the height of the liquid, we can solve for the density of the oil in the left column.

Let's use water as the reference liquid for the pressure difference calculation. The pressure difference between the top of the water column and the top of the oil column is:

P = ρgh = (1.0 g/cm³)(20 cm) = 20 g/cm²

Since the pressure at both ends of the tube is the same, the pressure difference between the top of the oil column and the top of the water column is also 20 g/cm².

Now we can calculate the density of the oil using the same equation:

ρ = P/gh = (20 g/cm²)/(20 cm) = 0.9 g/cm³

Therefore, the answer is B, 0.9 g/cm³.

Question 12

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water.Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm³, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm.The length of the oil column is then:

Accepted Answer

The pressure at the bottom of both arms must be equal. The height of the water column is 3 cm, and the density of oil is 0.75 times that of water. Therefore, the height of the oil column must be 3 cm / 0.75 = 4 cm. Since the water level rises by 3 cm, the total length of the oil column is 4 cm + 4 cm = 8 cm.

Question 13

The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height.Rank them according to the pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.

Accepted Answer

The pressure on the bottom of each vessel only depends on the height of water above it, not the shape or volume of the vessel. Since all vessels have the same water height, they will all exert the same pressure on their bottoms.

Question 14

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density   .When the elevator has an upward acceleration a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance  $\Delta$ h, is given by:

Accepted Answer

The pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance h is given by the formula:
ΔP = ρgh
where ρ is the density of the fluid, g is the acceleration due to gravity and h is the vertical distance between the two points.
When the elevator has an upward acceleration a, the net acceleration experienced by the fluid in the bucket is (g+a). Therefore, the pressure difference between the two points is:
ΔP = ρ(g+a)h
Substituting the given values, we get:
ΔP = F1ρaS1h

Question 15

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80.0 cm², is partially evacuated.Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 x 10⁵ Pa.A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box.The pressure in the box was:

Accepted Answer

First, we need to calculate the weight of the lid:

weight = force x gravity 
weight = 108 lb x 4.45 N/lb (conversion factor) 
weight = 481.8 N

Next, we can use the following formula to find the pressure inside the box:

pressure = (weight of lid) / (area of lid) - (atmospheric pressure)

Since the lid is partially evacuated, we can assume that the pressure inside the box is lower than atmospheric pressure, and we subtract it from the weight of the lid.

pressure = (481.8 N) / (0.008 m^2) - (1.01 x 10^5 Pa) 
pressure = 6.0225 x 10^5 Pa - 1.01 x 10^5 Pa 
pressure = 5.0125 x 10^5 Pa 
pressure = 4.10 x 10^4 Pa 
pressure = 4.10 x 10^-2 MPa

Therefore, the answer is (C) 4.10 x 10^4 Pa.

Question 16

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their:

Accepted Answer

Gases are distinguished by their inability to form free surfaces, unlike liquids and solids.

Question 17

All fluids are:

Accepted Answer

Fluids can be either gases or liquids, as both can flow and conform to the shape of their containers.

Question 18

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density   .When the elevator has a downward acceleration of magnitude a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid, separated by a vertical distance  $\Delta$ h, is given by:

Accepted Answer

The correct formula for the pressure difference in a fluid due to acceleration is $\rho(g - a)\Delta h$, where $\rho$ is the fluid density, $g$ is the acceleration due to gravity, $a$ is the acceleration of the elevator, and $\Delta h$ is the vertical distance between two points in the fluid. Since the elevator is accelerating downwards, the effective acceleration acting on the fluid is $g - a$.

Question 19

To obtain the absolute pressure from the gauge pressure:

Accepted Answer

To obtain absolute pressure, we need to add atmospheric pressure to the gauge pressure.

Question 20

1 Pa is:

Accepted Answer

1 Pascal (Pa) is defined as one newton per square meter (N/m²), which is equivalent to 1 kg/(m·s²).

Quiz 14: Fluids

Several cans of different sizes and shapes are all filled with the same liquid to the same depth.Then:

The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:

If p is a pressure and is a mass density then p/ 11ef0076_d175_969e_bc85_552e7cfebd27_TB6585_11 has units of:

The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional area A and partially filled with oil of density .A solid cylinder, which fits the tube tightly but can slide without friction, is placed in the right arm.The system reaches equilibrium.The weight of the cylinder is:

Which of the following five statements, concerning the upper surface pressure of a liquid, is FALSE?

Mercury is a convenient liquid to use in a barometer because:

A closed hemispherical shell of radius R is filled with fluid at uniform pressure p.The net force of the fluid on the curved portion of the shell is given by:

A bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed across a horizontal surface.Consider the pressure at two points at the same level in the water.

In a stationary homogeneous liquid:

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 x 10³ kg/m³) .When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 x 10³ kg/m ³) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm³.If h = 20 cm, the density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water.Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm³, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm.The length of the oil column is then:

The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height.Rank them according to the pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80.0 cm², is partially evacuated.Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 x 10⁵ Pa.A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box.The pressure in the box was:

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their:

All fluids are:

To obtain the absolute pressure from the gauge pressure:

1 Pa is:

Quiz 14: Fluids

Several cans of different sizes and shapes are all filled with the same liquid to the same depth.Then:

The pressure exerted on the ground by a man is greatest when:

If p is a pressure and is a mass density then p/ 11ef0076_d175_969e_bc85_552e7cfebd27_TB6585_11 has units of:

The diagram shows a U-tube having cross-sectional area A and partially filled with oil of density .A solid cylinder, which fits the tube tightly but can slide without friction, is placed in the right arm.The system reaches equilibrium.The weight of the cylinder is:

Which of the following five statements, concerning the upper surface pressure of a liquid, is FALSE?

Mercury is a convenient liquid to use in a barometer because:

A closed hemispherical shell of radius R is filled with fluid at uniform pressure p.The net force of the fluid on the curved portion of the shell is given by:

A bucket of water is pushed from left to right with increasing speed across a horizontal surface.Consider the pressure at two points at the same level in the water.

In a stationary homogeneous liquid:

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 x 103 kg/m3) .When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 x 103 kg/m 3) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm3.If h = 20 cm, the density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water.Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm3, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm.The length of the oil column is then:

The vessels shown below all contain water to the same height.Rank them according to the pressure exerted by the water on the vessel bottoms, least to greatest.

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density .When the elevator has an upward acceleration a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid separated by a vertical distance Δ\DeltaΔ h, is given by:

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80.0 cm2, is partially evacuated.Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 x 105 Pa.A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box.The pressure in the box was:

Gases may be distinguished from other forms of matter by their:

All fluids are:

A bucket resting on the floor of an elevator contains an incompressible fluid of density .When the elevator has a downward acceleration of magnitude a the pressure difference between two points in a fluid, separated by a vertical distance Δ\DeltaΔ h, is given by:

To obtain the absolute pressure from the gauge pressure:

1 Pa is:

A long U-tube contains mercury (density = 14 x 10³ kg/m³) .When 10 cm of water (density = 1.0 x 10³ kg/m ³) is poured into the left arm, the mercury in the right arm rises above its original level by:

The density of water is 1.0 g/cm³.If h = 20 cm, the density of the oil in the left column of the U-tube shown below is:

A uniform U-tube is partially filled with water.Oil, of density 0.75 g/cm³, is poured into the right arm until the water level in the left arm rises 3 cm.The length of the oil column is then:

An airtight box, having a lid of area 80.0 cm², is partially evacuated.Atmospheric pressure is 1.01 x 10⁵ Pa.A force of 108 lb is required to pull the lid off the box.The pressure in the box was: