Question 1

A disorder that is often set off by a panic attack and in which the basic fear is of being away from a safe place or person is called

Accepted Answer

The description given matches agoraphobia, which is a fear of situations or environments where help might not be available or escape might be difficult, potentially leading to a panic attack. This fear is often triggered by a previous panic attack and the sufferer fears being caught in a situation where they might panic and have no way to escape. Panic disorder involves recurrent panic attacks with no specific trigger, while posttraumatic stress disorder involves symptoms after exposure to a traumatic event. Generalized anxiety disorder involves persistent and excessive anxiety and worry about a range of different things, not necessarily related to panic attacks or being away from a safe place or person.

Question 2

Arlene has an intense,irrational fear of flying in airplanes.She is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

Arlene's fear of flying in airplanes is disproportionate and irrational, and it is a specific fear, which suggests that she is suffering from a phobia.  Obsessive-compulsive disorder involves intrusive, unwanted thoughts and repetitive behaviors, while generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive and unrealistic worry about many different aspects of life. Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels compelled to perform in response to an obsession.

Question 3

An overwhelming desire to set fires is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

The answer of An overwhelming desire to set fires is...

Question 4

Your aunt prefers to stay in her home and avoid public places and social situations.If a clinical psychologist believes she has an anxiety disorder,she is most likely to be diagnosed with

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is an anxiety disorder characterized by a fear of being in situations where escape might be difficult or embarrassing, or where help might not be available in the event of a panic attack. Individuals with agoraphobia often avoid public places and social situations, preferring to stay in the safety of their home. The fact that the aunt prefers to stay in her home and avoid public places and social situations suggests that she may be experiencing symptoms of agoraphobia.

Question 5

What usually precedes the onset of agoraphobia?

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia often develops after a person experiences a panic attack for no apparent reason. This creates a fear of experiencing another panic attack in a situation where escape may be difficult or embarrassing, leading to avoidance of certain situations or places.

Question 6

Kellie is fearful in situations where she must eat in public or write in the presence of others.It is most likely that Kellie has

Accepted Answer

Kellie's fear in situations where she must eat in public or write in the presence of others is indicative of social anxiety or a social phobia. This disorder is characterized by an intense fear of social situations and the fear of being judged, evaluated, or humiliated in public.

Question 7

Ramona has lost her interest in gardening,which brought her joy in the past.She's lost her appetite and life seems hopeless.Which disorder would Ramona be most likely to have?

Accepted Answer

Ramona is exhibiting symptoms of major depression, including loss of interest in activities she used to enjoy and changes in appetite, which can be a sign of a major depressive episode.

Question 8

Martha vacuums the carpet in her living room 15 times a day.It is very likely that she is suffering from which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

Martha's behavior of excessively vacuuming the carpet is indicative of obsessive-compulsive disorder, which is characterized by recurring and persistent thoughts (obsessions) and repetitive behaviors (compulsions).

Question 9

What would be the most descriptive way to refer to agoraphobia?

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is often described as the fear of fear because it involves anxiety about being in situations where escape might be difficult or help unavailable, leading to panic attacks.

Question 10

Ritualistic behavior is associated with which of the following disorders?

Accepted Answer

Ritualistic behavior is a key feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) where individuals engage in repetitive behaviors or mental acts to reduce anxiety caused by an obsessive thought.

Question 11

Which of the following is an INCORRECT match?

Accepted Answer

Compulsion refers to repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels compelled to perform in response to an obsessive thought or according to strict rules, whereas the given statement defines Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder (OCD) as recurrent, persistent, unwished-for images and thoughts.

Question 12

Individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorders

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that individuals with obsessive-compulsive disorders may have brain abnormalities that lead to overactivation of the brain's alarm signal, leading to persistent unwanted thoughts and behaviors.

Question 13

Psychologists regard _______________ as the "fear of fear."

Accepted Answer

Psychologists regard agoraphobia as the "fear of fear." This is because individuals with agoraphobia are afraid of experiencing panic attacks or other symptoms of anxiety in public places, and may avoid those places to try to avoid those feelings of fear and panic.

Question 14

A recurring irrational thought that cannot be controlled or banished from one's mind is called a(n)

Accepted Answer

An irrational thought that cannot be controlled or banished from one's mind is called an obsession. Phobia is an intense and irrational fear of a specific object or situation. Hypnagogic image is a vivid sensory experience that is felt when one is between being awake and asleep. Compulsion is a repetitive behavior or mental act driven by fears or obsessions.

Question 15

_______________ is a disorder involving disturbances in emotion,loss of interest in one's usual activities,thoughts of hopelessness,fatigue,and loss of appetite.

Accepted Answer

The symptoms described are characteristic of major depression, which is a mood disorder that involves persistent feelings of sadness, hopelessness, and a loss of interest in one's usual activities. Generalized anxiety disorder involves excessive worry and anxiety about a variety of life events, while bipolar disorder involves cycles of manic and depressive episodes. Borderline personality disorder involves unstable moods, relationships, and self-image.

Question 16

A chief characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder is

Accepted Answer

Recurrent, persistent, unwished-for thoughts, or images are the chief characteristic of obsessive-compulsive disorder. These thoughts or images are often disturbing and cause significant anxiety or distress, leading the individual to perform repetitive behaviors or mental acts in an attempt to neutralize the thoughts or reduce their anxiety.

Question 17

Harry has an intense,irrational fear of being in public places.He is probably suffering from

Accepted Answer

Agoraphobia is a type of anxiety disorder characterized by an intense fear of being in situations or places where escape may be difficult or embarrassing. People with agoraphobia often avoid these situations or require a companion for support. Harry's fear of public places aligns with the symptoms of agoraphobia.

Question 18

Major depression,as defined by the DSM,

Accepted Answer

Major depression, as defined by the DSM, excludes people whose depression is caused by bereavement or loss and whose feelings of grief eventually subside within a few months. Manic state is not always present in major depression, and it can affect both men and women. Major depression is not a type of psychosis.

Question 19

Emily is overly concerned with being contaminated by germs.She washes her hands fifty times per day,wears gloves,and eats with plastic utensils that are covered in plastic wrap to ensure they are not contaminated.Emily has

Accepted Answer

Emily’s behavior is consistent with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD), which is characterized by recurrent, unwanted thoughts (obsessions) and/or repetitive behaviors (compulsions) that are intended to reduce anxiety but ultimately impair one’s daily life. In Emily’s case, her compulsive behaviors are aimed at preventing contamination, which is a common obsession in OCD.

Question 20

Acts that "must be done" are called

Accepted Answer

Compulsions are repetitive behaviors or mental acts that a person feels driven to do in response to an obsession or according to certain rules. They feel like they "must be done" even though they may not make logical sense. This is a characteristic feature of obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD). The other options are not appropriate because obsessions are intrusive, repetitive thoughts or images that cause distress and anxiety, motor impulses refer to spontaneous movements, and preservative impulses refer to the repetitive use of language or gestures without adapting to new situations.

Quiz 11: Psychological Disorders