Question 1

A diagnosis of a mental health disorder requires which of the following in the DSM 5?

Accepted Answer

The DSM 5 requires all of the above criteria in order to establish a diagnosis of a mental health disorder. Co-occurrence of symptoms is necessary but not sufficient for a diagnosis. The symptoms must also cause dysfunction that impairs social, occupational or other areas of functioning, and cause harm to the individual or others.

Question 2

What best describes an externalizing action?

Accepted Answer

Externalizing actions refer to any outward-directed behavior that violates social norms or societal standards. Hitting is an example of an externalizing action as it results in physical harm to others and is considered a form of aggression that goes against accepted societal standards of behavior. Sadness, worry, and distress are internal states of emotions and do not involve outward-directed behavior.

Question 3

A new client comes in who is concerned because she sometimes feels sad about the recent death of her mother, which of the following best describes what you would say to her?

Accepted Answer

It is normal to feel sad and grieve the loss of a loved one, especially a parent. It is important to validate the client's emotions, normalize their experience, and offer support. At this point, there is no indication that the client is experiencing a clinical disorder, so treatment may not be necessary. However, the therapist should continue to monitor the client's symptoms and assess if further intervention is needed.

Question 4

What does dyscontrol mean?

Accepted Answer

Dyscontrol refers to lack of control over certain behaviors or actions that are involuntary or difficult to control. This can be seen in individuals with certain neurological or psychiatric disorders.

Question 5

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Mental Health Survey Consortium (2004) which mental disorder was the most common?

Accepted Answer

According to the World Health Organization (WHO) Mental Health Survey Consortium (2004), anxiety was the most common mental disorder worldwide, affecting 10% of the surveyed population.

Question 6

Which of the following statements on the diagnosis of depression is true?

Accepted Answer

Behavioral models developed on adults have made it possible to detect depression in children.

Question 7

You are a psychologist Mark tells you about his friend who is a Genie that has promised to take him on a magic carpet ride, what would you most likely tell Mark?

Accepted Answer

As a psychologist, it is important to withhold any judgement and assumption about someone else's experience. Instead, it is crucial to gather more information about the context of the situation before coming to any conclusions. Therefore, option D is the best choice because it acknowledges that the experience could be normal or abnormal, but more details are required to make a proper assessment.

Question 8

Which of the following BEST describes a categorical approach?

Accepted Answer

A categorical approach involves dividing individuals into separate groups or categories, in this case being depressed or not depressed. This approach does not take into account varying degrees of symptoms or individual differences in symptom presentation. Choice A involves a symptom-based classification system, which is still categorical but allows for more nuance than a simple binary classification. Choice C involves a dimensional approach, which measures symptoms on a continuous scale rather than dividing individuals into separate categories. Choice D involves a categorical approach that allows for individual symptom variation but does not take into account the broader symptom picture or severity.

Question 9

What are the advantages to having a diagnostic system?

Accepted Answer

A diagnostic system provides a concise description of a disorder, guidance for treatment, and can also indicate future developments of the disorder. Therefore, all of the options (A, B, C) are advantages to having a diagnostic system.

Question 10

Developmental psychopathology is relevant for all of the following stages EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Developmental psychopathology is a field that examines the influence of biological, psychological, and social factors on the development of maladaptive behavior and psychopathology across the lifespan. This includes all stages of life, from infancy through retirement, indicating that all the options given (infancy, retirement, childhood) are relevant stages for the study of developmental psychopathology.

Question 11

Mental health diagnosis is based on which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Mental health diagnosis is based on a cluster of symptoms that co-occur. A trained mental health professional considers various symptoms experienced by an individual before making a diagnosis. A single symptom or a parental or individual's judgment alone is not enough to diagnose a mental health condition, as it can be influenced by several factors and may not provide a comprehensive picture of the individual's mental health.

Question 12

According to the Wittchen et al. review (2011) of the literature about what percent each year of the European population suffers from a mental disorder (including neurological disorders) ?

Accepted Answer

The Wittchen et al. review (2011) found that approximately 38% of the European population suffers from a mental disorder (including neurological disorders) each year, highlighting the significant impact of these conditions on the population.

Question 13

A Turner and Lloyd (2004) study linked what with the development of a mental disorder?

Accepted Answer

The Turner and Lloyd (2004) study linked stress with the development of a mental disorder.

Question 14

What type of classification approach did Thomas Achenbach use when using factor analysis to identify the symptoms that tend to co-occur within the realm of child psychopathology?

Accepted Answer

Achenbach used a dimensional classification approach when using factor analysis to identify the symptoms that tend to co-occur within the realm of child psychopathology. This means that he looked for patterns of symptoms that occur together, rather than trying to fit each symptom into a specific diagnostic category.

Question 15

Mental disorders being defined as a harmful dysfunction was proposed by the following:

Accepted Answer

The concept of mental disorders as a harmful dysfunction was proposed by Jerome Wakefield in his 1992 book "The Concept of Mental Disorder: On the Boundary Between Biological Facts and Social Values." The other options listed are related to diagnostic manuals and organizations, but do not directly address the proposal of mental disorders as a harmful dysfunction.

Question 16

What is the BEST definition of validity?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What is the BEST definition of validity?
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Question 17

Which addition did Widiger suggest be added to the definition of a mental disorder?

Accepted Answer

Widiger suggested that "Dyscontrol" be added to the definition of a mental disorder.

Question 18

Galea, Brewin, Gruber, Jones, King, King, et al. (2007) found which of the following disorders after interviewing residents of New Orleans after Hurricane Katrina?

Accepted Answer

Galea, Brewin, Gruber, Jones, King, King, et al. (2007) found that residents of New Orleans experienced mood disorders, anxiety disorders, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) after Hurricane Katrina, indicating that all of the listed disorders were observed.

Question 19

Which of the following best describes a dimensional approach?

Accepted Answer

A dimensional approach views mental health conditions as existing on a continuum rather than a binary of having a condition or not. This means that individuals can be classified based on the severity or intensity of their symptoms, rather than having to fit within a specific set of criteria for a diagnosis.

Question 20

What best describes an internalizing action?

Accepted Answer

Internalizing actions refer to behaviors in which an individual turns their emotional distress inward, rather than outwardly expressing it through physical or verbal actions. Withdrawing is an example of an internalizing action as it involves removing oneself from social situations and isolating oneself as a way of dealing with emotional distress.

Quiz 3: Classification and Diagnosis