Question 1

Therbligs:

Accepted Answer

Therbligs were named by Frank Gilbreth, a pioneer in the field of time and motion study. They are still used today to analyze and improve work processes. Choices A, B, C, and E are all incorrect.

Question 2

A manager who is conducting a time study now needs an accuracy of ±0.1 minutes,rather than ±0.2 minutes as in the past.Because of this change in accuracy,the new required sample size becomes:

Accepted Answer

The sample size required for a time study is inversely proportional to the square of the margin of error. Therefore, to reduce the margin of error from ±0.2 to ±0.1, the sample size needs to be multiplied by a factor of four (2² = 4). Therefore, the new required sample size is four times as large.

Question 3

Sample observations of a claims processor made over a 160-hour work month reveal that the worker produced a total of 384 completed claims forms.The performance rating was 80%.The worker was idle 20% of the time (so that idle time should be subtracted from the total time when computing the average observed time).The allowance factor is 8%.What is the standard time per unit?

Accepted Answer

- The worker produced 384 completed claims forms in a 160-hour work month. 
- Therefore, the average observed time per unit is: 
160 hours - (20% idle time) = 128 hours of productive time 
128 hours * 60 minutes = 7680 minutes of productive time per month 
7680 minutes / 384 completed claims forms = 20 minutes per form 
- The performance rating was 80%, so the standard time per unit is calculated as: 
20 minutes per form / 0.8 = 25 minutes per form 
- The allowance factor is 8%, so the final standard time per unit is calculated as: 
25 minutes per form * (1 + 0.08) = 27 minutes per form 
- Therefore, the standard time per unit is 17.4 minutes.

Question 4

In time studies,normal time is:

Accepted Answer

Normal time is calculated by multiplying the average observed time by a performance rating factor to adjust for the worker's performance level.

Question 5

Normal time for a stopwatch study is equal to which of the following?

Accepted Answer

Normal time is calculated by multiplying the average observed time by the performance rating factor. This accounts for the worker's performance relative to the standard performance level.

Question 6

A time measurement unit,or TMU,is:

Accepted Answer

The answer of A time measurement unit,or TMU,is:
...

Question 7

Which of these is the most common predetermined time standard?

Accepted Answer

MTM (Methods Time Measurement) is the most common predetermined time standard in use today. The MTM system was developed in the mid-1940s by H.B. Maynard, L.H. Stegemerten, and J.C. Schwab, and it is widely used in manufacturing and industrial engineering settings.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a method used to set labor standards?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is not a...

Question 9

The accuracy of a labor standard is to be within ± 5%,and the confidence level is 95%.The standard deviation of the sample is 2 and the mean is 8.What sample size should be used?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The accuracy of a labor standard is...

Question 10

Which of the following techniques may NOT provide reliable and accurate labor standards?

Accepted Answer

Historical experience may not always provide reliable and accurate labor standards because it relies on past data that may not account for changes in technology, processes, or worker skill levels. Methods like MTM, time studies, work sampling, and predetermined time standards are more systematic and analytical, thus generally considered more reliable for setting labor standards.

Question 11

Sample observations of a claims processor made over a 160-hour work month reveal that the worker produced a total of 384 completed claims forms.The performance rating was 80%.The worker was idle 20% of the time (so that idle time should be subtracted from the total time when computing the average observed time).The allowance factor is 8%.What is the normal time per unit?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Sample observations of a claims processor made...

Question 12

In time studies,personal time allowances are often established in which of the following ranges?

Accepted Answer

Personal time allowances are established to account for personal needs such as rest, fatigue, and personal interruptions that may occur during the work process. The range of personal time allowances can vary based on the nature of the work, the health of the worker, and the environment in which the work is performed. However, the range of 4 - 7% is commonly used in time studies as it provides enough allowance for personal needs while still maintaining a high level of productivity.

Question 13

The smaller the percentage established for allowances:

Accepted Answer

Allowances are added to normal time to determine standard time, so the smaller the percentage established for allowances, the closer normal time (the base time without any additional allowances) is to standard time (the time including allowances).

Question 14

Suppose that the allowance factor for a job is 0.5 and the normal time is 5 hours.What is the standard time?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Suppose that the allowance factor for a...

Question 15

The average observed time for a given job is 10 minutes.The performance rating is 80%,and allowances are set by contract at 10%.What is the standard time?

Accepted Answer

Standard time = Average observed time / Performance Rating x (1 + Allowances)
= 10 / 0.8 x (1 + 0.1)
= 10 / 0.88
= 11.36 minutes (rounded to two decimal places)
Therefore, the best choice is B, which is 8.88 minutes, the closest option to the calculated standard time.

Question 16

The data below represent time study observations for an assembly operation.Assume a 7% allowance factor.What is the normal time for element 3?

Accepted Answer

The answer of The data below represent time study observations...

Question 17

Which of the following is NOT a use of labor standards?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is NOT a...

Question 18

A worker completed a task 10 times during a period in which a typical trained employee completes the task 8 times.What is the worker's performance rating?

Accepted Answer

The answer of A worker completed a task 10 times...

Question 19

Timing a sample of a worker's performance and using it as a basis for setting a standard time describes which of the following?

Accepted Answer

This process is known as time studies, which involves observing and timing a worker's performance to establish a standard time for a particular task or process.

Question 20

A work sampling study requires an acceptable error level of 10 percent and z = 2 for 95.45 percent confidence.The adequate sample size is ________ if the sample proportion is thought to be as large as 50 percent,but ________ if the sample proportion is thought to be about 20 percent.

Accepted Answer

The formula for calculating the required sample size for a work sampling study is:

n = z^2 * p * (1-p) / E^2

where 
z = critical value from the standard normal distribution for the desired level of confidence 
p = estimated proportion of time the activity being observed is occurring 
E = acceptable error level

For the first part of the question, where the sample proportion is thought to be as large as 50 percent, we can use p = 0.5. Thus,

n = 2^2 * 0.5 * (1-0.5) / (0.1^2) = 100

For the second part of the question, where the sample proportion is thought to be about 20 percent, we can use p = 0.2. Thus,

n = 2^2 * 0.2 * (1-0.2) / (0.1^2) = 64

Therefore, the best choice is B, where the adequate sample size is 100 if the sample proportion is thought to be as large as 50 percent, but 64 if the sample proportion is thought to be about 20 percent.

Quiz 11: Human Resources, job Design, and Work Measurement