Question 1

Grammer found that a ______________ in men's income is associated with a _____________ in the ages of mates they sought.

Accepted Answer

Grammer found that as men's income increased, they sought younger mates, indicating a decrease in the ages of mates they sought. Therefore, an increase in men's income is associated with a decrease in the ages of mates they sought.

Question 2

Male and female homosexuality __________.

Accepted Answer

While there are many theories about the origins of homosexuality, no one theory has yet been proven to definitively explain why some individuals are attracted to members of the same sex.

Question 3

Men who are in relationships and willing to have an affair tend to have _________ testosterone than men unwilling to have an affair,which supports the idea that testosterone is associated with ___________ in men.

Accepted Answer

Men willing to have an affair tend to have higher testosterone levels, which is associated with increased mating effort, reflecting a biological predisposition towards seeking additional mating opportunities.

Question 4

The best predictor of engaging in extramarital sex is ___________________.

Accepted Answer

Premarital sexual permissiveness has consistently been found to be the best predictor of engaging in extramarital sex. Those who engage in premarital sex are more likely to hold attitudes that are accepting of infidelity and may have fewer reservations about engaging in extramarital sex themselves. Personality traits like extraversion and conscientiousness have not been found to have a strong association with infidelity, and commitment to a partner can actually serve as a protective factor against infidelity.

Question 5

Men exposed to attractive women rate their current romantic partner as ______ attractive and rate themselves as _______ committed to their current romantic partners.

Accepted Answer

Men exposed to attractive women tend to rate their current romantic partner as less attractive and also rate themselves as less committed to their current romantic partners. This phenomenon is related to the contrast effect, where the attractiveness of new individuals can alter the perception of existing relationships.

Question 6

Marriage may have provided an adaptive solution to the following problems for ancestral men EXCEPT __________.

Accepted Answer

Marriage is an adaptive solution that helps ancestral men solve problems such as paternity uncertainty, providing a social signal about who was mated to whom, and providing opportunities to learn about a mate's personality, which makes it difficult for her to hide signs of infidelity. However, marriage does not help free a male to more successfully pursue short-term mating opportunities. In fact, marriage restricts a man's ability to pursue short-term mating opportunities, as society views extramarital affairs as socially unacceptable.

Question 7

Men rated women's body odor ___________ when the woman was ovulating.

Accepted Answer

Studies have shown that men rate women's body odor as more attractive when the woman is ovulating. This may be due to an increase in estrogen during ovulation, which can affect a woman's body odor.

Question 8

Men receive _________ responses to singles advertisements than do women.

Accepted Answer

Men typically receive fewer responses to singles advertisements than women do. This trend has been observed across various platforms and studies, indicating that women's ads tend to attract more interest and responses than those posted by men.

Question 9

Women tend to derogate other women's ___________,especially during the _________ phase of their cycle.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that women tend to derogate other women's physical appearance, especially during the fertile phase of their menstrual cycle. This behavior may be linked to competition for mates and reproductive opportunities.

Question 10

Which of the following is a hypothesis proposed by evolutionary psychologists about men's testosterone levels?

Accepted Answer

Evolutionary psychologists propose that men's testosterone levels decrease after they enter into a long-term committed relationship. This is thought to facilitate pair bonding and paternal investment by reducing male's aggressive behavior and sexual promiscuity.

Question 11

Men who are _____________ have a better chance of getting what they want in a mate.

Accepted Answer

Men who are high in mate value, meaning they possess traits that are desirable in a mate such as attractiveness, resourcefulness, and social status, have a better chance of attracting and securing a desired partner. This is supported by several studies that show women are more likely to choose men who exhibit these traits.

Question 12

The size of the sex difference in the importance of attractiveness has __________ over the past fifty years.

Accepted Answer

Research indicates that the importance of attractiveness in mate selection has remained relatively stable over time, suggesting that biological and evolutionary factors play a significant role in these preferences.

Question 13

Women's use of appearance enhancement was judged to be _________________ effective in attracting mates than men's use of such tactics.

Accepted Answer

Research suggests that women's use of appearance enhancement is generally more effective in attracting mates compared to men's use of such tactics, often due to societal and evolutionary factors that emphasize physical attractiveness in women.

Question 14

The value that North American men place on virginity in a prospective long-term mate has _________ over the past half-century.

Accepted Answer

According to studies and surveys conducted over the past half-century, the value that North American men place on virginity in a prospective long-term mate has significantly decreased. This shift in values can also be seen in other cultures around the world.

Question 15

Cryptic ovulation in women may have evolved because it ___________.

Accepted Answer

Cryptic ovulation refers to the lack of any external signs of ovulation in women, such as swelling, bleeding or other visible changes. This lack of overt signs of fertility may have evolved as a way for women to conceal their reproductive status from men, and therefore reduce the risks of infidelity or mate competition. In other words, by making it harder for male partners to detect when they are most likely to conceive, women may have gained more control over their own reproductive choices and outcomes. This is supported by research suggesting that women who are less detectably fertile are less likely to experience partner violence or sexual coercion.

Question 16

Which of the following benefits did NOT accrue to ancestral men who preferred ovulating women?

Accepted Answer

Ovulating women are less likely to have a high parasite load, making them less susceptible to illness and disease. Therefore, ancestral men who preferred ovulating women would not have had decreased parasite load as a benefit.

Question 17

Which of the following lines of evidence does NOT point to an ability in men to detect when a woman is ovulating?

Accepted Answer

Men's sexual performance with ovulating women does not necessarily indicate an ability to detect ovulation. It could be based on other factors such as increased attraction or arousal towards women who are fertile. The other three options (A, B, and C) all suggest physical changes that occur during ovulation that men may be able to detect.

Question 18

Across cultures,male preferences for physical attractiveness __________ female preferences for physical attractiveness.

Accepted Answer

Across cultures, studies have shown that male preferences for physical attractiveness in a partner tend to be valued more than female preferences for the same. Women often prioritize other traits such as status or resources.

Question 19

Budget allocation was employed to examine men's and women's mate preferences in terms of necessities and luxuries.The researchers found that men considered __________ a necessity in a mate,whereas _________ was considered a luxury.

Accepted Answer

According to the information provided in the question, men considered physical attractiveness a necessity in a mate, whereas kindness was considered a luxury. Therefore, the best choice is C, which matches this description.

Question 20

Men in the later stages of a relationship have __________ testosterone than men in the early stages of a relationship.When divorced men remarry,they experience a __________ in testosterone.

Accepted Answer

Research has shown that men in the later stages of a relationship have lower testosterone levels than men in the early stages due to a decrease in the need to compete for a mate. Additionally, when divorced men remarry, they experience a drop in testosterone as their perceived need to compete for a mate decreases.

Quiz 5: Mens Long-Term Mating Strategies

Grammer found that a __ in men's income is associated with a _ in the ages of mates they sought.