Question 1

Carlos is currently undergoing the hormonal procedure to transition from being a man to becoming a woman. He has requested that the office staff begin to call him by his chosen feminine name, Melissa. Several workers in the office refuse to use the new name, and others use an exaggerated pronunciation, dragging out the name in a long, high, intonation. What kind of discrimination is represented in this example?
A) mockery and insults
B) intimidation
C) sexual harassment
D) exclusion
E) discriminatory practices

Accepted Answer

The exaggerated pronunciation and refusal to use the chosen name constitute mockery and insults, which is a form of discrimination.

Question 2

Age, race, gender, ethnicity, religion, and disability status are examples of ________.
A) deep-level diversity
B) stereotypes and assumptions
C) shared values and preferences
D) personality traits
E) surface-level diversity

Accepted Answer

Age, race, gender, ethnicity, religion, and disability status are examples of surface-level diversity, which refers to characteristics that are easily observable and communicated through physical appearance or traits.

Question 3

Which of the following is an example of a deep-level diversity difference that might cause challenges between these two co-workers?
A) Marina is from Puerto Rico. Amit's father is from India.
B) Marina is 25 years old. Amit is 50 years old.
C) Marina is shy and quiet. Amit is outgoing.
D) Marina runs marathons. Amit suffers from arthritis.
E) Marina is a woman. Amit is a man.

Accepted Answer

The difference in personality traits (shy and quiet vs. outgoing) is an example of deep-level diversity that could lead to challenges in communication and working together effectively.

Question 4

You work in the air filter manufacturing business. Your division is made up of three other people with very different biographical characteristics. Gina is 27 years old, single and female. She has been with the company only six months. Jonathan is 63 years old and a widower who has been with the company for thirty years. Sally is a single mother with four children who has been with the company for five years.
-Based on the information given, which employee would you expect to have the lowest rate of avoidable absence?
A) All these employees would have about the same rate of avoidable absence.
B) Sally
C) Gina
D) Jonathan
E) Gina and Sally would probably have equally low rates

Accepted Answer

Jonathan is the most experienced and has been with the company for thirty years. This level of job experience indicates that he is likely to be more responsible and have a strong work ethic, which reduces the likelihood of avoidable absences. Furthermore, being a widower suggests that he is more mature and responsible, which is reflected in his dedication to the job. Although Gina has been with the company for only six months, there is no indication that she has any dependents or significant responsibilities that might distract her from her work or require her to take time off, so she could have a relatively low rate of avoidable absence as well. Sally, on the other hand, has four children and has been with the company for only five years. It is more likely that she would face issues with her dependents, which could result in avoidable absences.

Question 5

Craig, Matt, and Diane worked for the same company since graduating college. Over careers of 25 years they achieved many successes, each becoming the executive director of his or her respective department, making them three of the highest paid employees in the company. Last month they were all laid off. No one else in the company was let go. What kind of discrimination is represented in this example?
A) mockery
B) insults
C) discriminatory practices
D) exclusion
E) incivility

Accepted Answer

This scenario represents discriminatory practices, as it involves the unfair treatment of employees based on their status or position within the company, leading to their layoff despite their high achievements and contributions.

Question 6

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the workforce?
A) Older workers are frail, resulting in less productivity.
B) Older workers have a higher rate of unavoidable absenteeism.
C) Older workers are more stable, resulting in less turnover.
D) Older workers are tired, resulting in low job satisfaction.
E) Older workers have a higher rate of avoidable absenteeism.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is an effect...

Question 7

Research shows that which of the following is likely to decrease as a worker grows older?
A) productivity
B) likelihood of quitting
C) absenteeism
D) vacation days taken
E) work ethic

Accepted Answer

Older workers are generally less likely to quit their jobs compared to younger workers, often due to increased job stability and commitment.

Question 8

Which of the following is not a characteristic of surface-level diversity?
A) gender
B) race or ethnicity
C) disability needs
D) age
E) personality

Accepted Answer

Personality is not a characteristic of surface-level diversity as it is considered a deep-level characteristic that is not readily observable. Surface-level diversity refers to observable characteristics such as gender, race, ethnicity, disability needs, and age.

Question 9

Which of the following is true concerning the relationship between age and job satisfaction?
A) Most studies have found a negative association between age and satisfaction.
B) Some studies have found a U-shaped relationship between age and satisfaction.
C) Satisfaction decreases among professionals as they age.
D) Satisfaction increases among nonprofessionals during middle age.
E) Satisfaction decreases among nonprofessionals after middle age.

Accepted Answer

Some studies have found a U-shaped relationship between age and job satisfaction, with satisfaction being higher during the beginning and end of one's career and dipping during the middle period.

Question 10

Exclusion and incivility are difficult forms of discrimination to root out because ________.
A) they are only inflicted by upper management
B) they are impossible to observe and may occur unintentionally
C) victims suffer less than victims of other types of discrimination
D) exclusion and incivility are not forms of unfair discrimination
E) management often disregards this type of discrimination

Accepted Answer

Exclusion and incivility can often occur unintentionally or may be difficult to observe, making it hard to address and eliminate these forms of discrimination. While management may play a role in perpetuating exclusion and incivility, it is not only inflicted by upper management. Victims of exclusion and incivility may not suffer as severely as victims of other types of discrimination, but it can still have significant negative effects on their well-being and performance. Finally, exclusion and incivility are forms of unfair discrimination, despite the fact that management may sometimes disregard this.

Question 11

The predominantly white, male managerial workforce has given way to a ________.
A) young, technologically savvy workforce
B) predominantly younger, male workforce
C) gender-balanced, multiethnic workforce
D) female-dominated managerial workforce
E) intellectually inferior workforce

Accepted Answer

The phrase "given way to" implies a shift or change, and the use of "predominantly white, male" suggests that diversity was lacking before. Therefore, the best choice is C, a gender-balanced, multiethnic workforce, as this represents a significant shift towards greater diversity in both gender and ethnicity. Choices A, B, and D do not reflect this shift as they either maintain or even reinforce the lack of diversity in the workplace. Choice E is also inaccurate and does not reflect the reality of the modern workforce.

Question 12

In a work environment, ________ refers to any characteristic that makes people different from one another.
A) biographical characteristics
B) deep-level diversity
C) workplace diversity
D) surface-level diversity
E) unfair discrimination

Accepted Answer

The answer of In a work environment, ________ refers to...

Question 13

Research shows that unfair discrimination can lead to serious consequences for employers, such as ________.
A) decreased profit margins
B) market lows
C) increased productivity
D) high turnover
E) reduced benefits

Accepted Answer

Unfair discrimination can lead to high turnover rates as employees who feel discriminated against may choose to leave the company due to a negative work environment. This can result in increased costs for the employer as they may need to recruit and train new employees.

Question 14

Research supports which of the following statements about men and women in the workplace?
A) Men are more productive.
B) Women are more productive.
C) Men are the most receptive to socialization.
D) Women are less likely to resign.
E) Women have more absences.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Research supports which of the following statements...

Question 15

Which of the following is a reason why the aging of the workforce is a significant concern for HR managers today?
A) When older employees retire, their knowledge and skills are lost.
B) Retiring baby boomers need to take time from work to care for children.
C) Employers pay increased medical costs due to the increasingly younger workforce.
D) The turnover rate among older employees is costly for employers.
E) Older employees do not contribute to diversity in the workforce.

Accepted Answer

As older employees retire, their knowledge and skills that have been acquired over a long period of time are lost. Consequently, the company may fail to transfer institutional knowledge to newer employees. This can lead to a skills and knowledge gap that can have a negative impact on productivity and company performance.

Question 16

Which of the following is not a biographical characteristic?
A) political affiliation
B) age
C) sex
D) tenure
E) race

Accepted Answer

Political affiliation is not a biographical characteristic because it is based on personal beliefs and opinions rather than objective demographic information, such as age, sex, tenure, or race.

Question 17

You work in the air filter manufacturing business. Your division is made up of three other people with very different biographical characteristics. Gina is 27 years old, single and female. She has been with the company only six months. Jonathan is 63 years old and a widower who has been with the company for thirty years. Sally is a single mother with four children who has been with the company for five years.
-Based on the information given, which employee would be least likely to quit his or her job?
A) All these employees would have about the same likelihood of quitting.
B) Gina
C) Jonathan
D) Sally
E) Gina and Sally

Accepted Answer

Jonathan is the least likely to quit his job as he has been with the company for thirty years and is a widower, which may provide him with a sense of stability and security. Age and marital status can be important factors in determining an employee's likelihood of quitting, and in this case, Jonathan's long tenure and personal situation suggest he is likely to stay. While Gina is new to the company and may be less invested, her age and lack of dependents may make her more likely to take risks and pursue other opportunities. Sally's status as a single mother may create additional constraints and pressures that could lead her to consider leaving her job. Therefore, Jonathan is the best answer as the employee least likely to quit his job.

Question 18

Which one of the following words is the best synonym for "surface-level diversity", as the term is used in organizational behavior?
A) personal values
B) personality traits
C) demographics
D) work-place preferences
E) ethnicity

Accepted Answer

"Surface-level diversity" refers to visible characteristics such as age, gender, race/ethnicity, and other demographic factors. Therefore, the best synonym for it would be demographics. Personal values, personality traits, and work-place preferences are not necessarily visible or related to demographic factors. Ethnicity is a specific category within demographics, but it is not a synonym for surface-level diversity as it refers to a specific aspect of one's demographic background.

Question 19

Which of the following is not a type of discrimination?
A) sexual harassment
B) interaction
C) intimidation
D) exclusion
E) mockery

Accepted Answer

Interaction is not a type of discrimination. Discrimination involves treating someone differently based on their protected characteristics, such as race, gender, or religion. Interaction is simply the act of communicating or engaging with someone.

Question 20

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the higher absentee rate of women in the workplace?
A) Women tend to have more illnesses that keep them from work than do men.
B) Traditionally, women have had the responsibility of caring for home and family.
C) Women tend to be less satisfied with their jobs than men.
D) Women generally have jobs for which a temporary replacement can be hired.
E) Women tend to work in jobs that have less flexible schedules than men do.

Accepted Answer

Traditionally, women have had the responsibility of caring for home and family, which can lead to higher absenteeism rates when family responsibilities arise.

Quiz 2: Foundations of Individual Behavior

Age, race, gender, ethnicity, religion, and disability status are examples of ________.

Which of the following is an example of a deep-level diversity difference that might cause challenges between these two co-workers?

Which of the following is an effect of aging on the workforce?

Research shows that which of the following is likely to decrease as a worker grows older?

Which of the following is not a characteristic of surface-level diversity?

Which of the following is true concerning the relationship between age and job satisfaction?

Exclusion and incivility are difficult forms of discrimination to root out because ________.

The predominantly white, male managerial workforce has given way to a ________.

In a work environment, ________ refers to any characteristic that makes people different from one another.

Research shows that unfair discrimination can lead to serious consequences for employers, such as ________.

Research supports which of the following statements about men and women in the workplace?

Which of the following is a reason why the aging of the workforce is a significant concern for HR managers today?

Which of the following is not a biographical characteristic?

Which one of the following words is the best synonym for "surface-level diversity", as the term is used in organizational behavior?

Which of the following is not a type of discrimination?

Which of the following is the most likely explanation for the higher absentee rate of women in the workplace?