Deck 3: Requirements Determination

Question 1

When determining requirements it is good to have all BUT ____ involved.

A)Managers in the business area
B)Analysts
C)Project Sponsors
D)Staff in the business area
E)Information technology staff

Answer 1

E

Question 2

The outcome of the analysis phase is the:

A)Feasibility Analysis document
B)System proposal document
C)System specification document
D)System request document
E)Business Process document

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Which is generally NOT true of non-functional requirements?

A)Cultural differences can be considered
B)Color interpretations on screens and forms may be different in different geographical places
C)Multi-lingual interfaces many be needed
D)Systems may need to adapt from global solutions to local realities
E)Systems may need to have actual expenses from global operations

Answer 3

E

Question 4

Jona's project is to take a fairly straight-forward manual process and make it an electronic process.This will make the processing more efficient.Which of the following requirements analysis strategies is she using?

A)Business Process Automation
B)Business Process Improvement
C)Business Process Internalization
D)Business Process Reengineering
E)Business Process Renovation

Question 5

An example of a functional requirement is _________

A)Access to the customer order system
B)System should be available in English and Spanish
C)System can be accessed through a Blackberry device
D)Output can be displayed in Internet Explorer, in Firefox, or in Google Chrome browsers
E)System is automatically updated every 5 seconds

Question 6

In the SDLC (Systems Development Life Cycle),what comes after the analysis phase?

A)Approval phase
B)Design phase
C)Development phase
D)Implementation phase
E)Planning phase

Question 7

One of the problems when doing requirements determination is:

A)Exclusion of business users and failure to address the true business needs of the users
B)Inclusion of data tables
C)Inclusion of business logic
D)Inclusion of a list of processes the system needed to perform
E)Over-reliance on object oriented systems analysis and design

Question 8

Wayne is a senior director of finance.His company only recently came under Sarbanes-Oxley regulations and is the project sponsor to become compliant.He realizes that examining the as-is system may not be much help as the regulations are so radical that a major analysis and design project must be completed to make the company compliant.He is leaning towards: ______________

A)Business Process Automation
B)Business Process Improvement
C)Business Process Internalization
D)Business Process Reengineering
E)Business Process Renovation

Question 9

Two BPA techniques commonly used to identify possible problems in the current system are _____.

A)Problem Analysis and benchmarking
B)Problem Analysis and activity based costing
C)Duration analysis and informal benchmarking
D)Root Cause Analysis and outcome analysis
E)Problem analysis and root cause analysis

Question 10

An example of a nonfunctional requirement is ____________

A)Supplier table is available
B)The system must contain customer order history for three years
C)System can be used in any of 100 offices worldwide
D)SQL queries from customer table and order table are available
E)Customer zipcode is formatted as character data

Question 11

Omar is making moderate changes to a system in order to take advantage of new opportunities offered by technology or to emulate what other companies are doing.This would be called:

A)Business Process Automation
B)Business Process Improvement
C)Business Process Internalization
D)Business Process Reengineering
E)Business Process Renovation

Question 12

Which is NOT a requirements analysis strategy?

A)Understanding of the as-is system
B)Identifying improvements
C)Developing requirements for the to-be system
D)Root cause analysis
E)Understanding of screen design, layout and navigation

Question 13

Which of the following will probably NOT be at a system walkthrough?

A)User representatives
B)Management representatives
C)Computer Center director
D)Key decision makers
E)Analyst who prepared the system proposal

Question 14

Which is NOT an expectation of the Requirements Definition?

A)Listing of functional requirements
B)Listing of project costs and benefits in both dollars and Euros
C)Listing of non-functional requirements
D)Defining scope of project
E)To be the document that is used for clarification when problems arise.

Question 15

According to the authors,in moving "from here to there",an analyst needs:

A)An understanding of corporate politics
B)Knowledge on how to stop scope creep
C)Joint Application Development facilitating skills
D)Microsoft Project Management software skills
E)Strong critical thinking skills

Question 16

Sanjay has business colleagues on the Slashdot.org technology forum.He is interested in how they may have implemented supply chain management systems using radio frequency identification. Sanjay is identifying improvement opportunities through _____.

A)Duration analysis
B)Outcome analysis
C)Activity-Based Costing
D)Informal Benchmarking
E)Root Cause analysis

Question 17

Which is NOT a purpose of the requirements definition?

A)To give a very high-level explanation of the business requirements
B)A more precise list of requirements that can be used as inputs to the rest of analysis
C)Create functional requirements
D)Create cost/benefit analysis
E)Create non-functional requirements

Question 18

The systems proposal is generally approved by.

A)The Chief Information Officer
B)The top manager in the user's area (like the Vice President of Marketing)
C)The Vice President of Finance
D)The approval committee
E)The CEO (chief executive officer)

Question 19

The line between analysis and design is sometimes very blurry.One reason is that _____:

A)Object-oriented methods are generally fuzzier as compared to waterfall methods
B)there is inadequate funding for the analysis phase to do a complete analysis
C)analysts are generally rushed to complete the system proposal
D)scope creep has occurred
E)the deliverables are really the first step in the design of the new system

Question 20

Root Cause Analysis tries to find _____.

A)How long each process takes in the as-in system with an eye at shortening the time
B)How much each process costs (rather than the time)with an eye at cutting costs
C)The true problem and not just symptoms of problems and solve that
D)Technologies that could work
E)Other companies that have similar processes and attempt to learn from them

Question 21

Myles is studying a system to lessen the number of complaints about the Help Desk.He has formally studied the service counter at Wal-Mart,Target and Kohl's department stores;as well as listened in to complaint phone calls to a hotel booking site.He is trying to see how other organizations work at lessening complaints and also how they handle complaints.This would be what type of analysis?

A)Complaint processing
B)Design analysis
C)Problem analysis
D)Outcome analysis
E)Informal benchmarking

Question 22

Which is NOT part of the requirements gathering process?

A)Is used for building political support for the project
B)Is used for establishing trust and rapport between the project team and users
C)Determining 'if we build it, they will come'
D)Key stakeholders need to be included
E)Involving people who may feel slighted if their input is not considered

Question 23

Moderate changes to existing processes falls under the _________ analysis.

A)Business Process Automation (BPA)
B)Business Process Improvement (BPI)
C)Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
D)Business Process Blue-skying (BPB)
E)Business Process Efficiency (BPE)

Question 24

Which is NOT a good practice in conducting interviews?

A)Be happy - happy people radiate confidence
B)Explain thoroughly - it is estimated that in a strong interview session, the interviewer (you)should talk and explain about 60% of the time; and the interviewee should answer about 40% of the time
C)Watch interviewees' facial expressions, how they sit and their body language; do they cross their arms; do they lean forward?
D)Pay attention to what the interviewee is saying
E)If the interviewee ask you a question, answer it truthfully - and if you don't know an answer, say so

Question 25

When gathering requirements,the most commonly used technique is: __________

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 26

Business Process Automation (BPA)is noted for all of the following EXCEPT which one?

A)Narrow business segment
B)Lower costs
C)Generally lower risks
D)More efficient processing
E)Potentially higher returns

Question 27

A technique where a set of written (or online)questions are distributed to people (frequently to a large number of people)is: _____.

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 28

Amanda sent a list with GPS,RFID,ERP,SOA,SaaS,VoIP and ten additional 'hot' technologies to managers at her company.She wanted them to think how each technology could be applied to current business process.Amanda is identifying improvement opportunities through _____.

A)Benchmarking
B)Technical feasibility
C)Problem analysis
D)Root cause analysis
E)Technology analysis

Question 29

The authors suggest that an analyst is 'very much like a ____________' and business users are like elusive suspects.

A)Police professional
B)Politician
C)Forensic scientist
D)Air traffic controller
E)Detective

Question 30

When gathering requirements from processing clerks and lower level managers about 'how' a system works,the best approach might be: _____.

A)JAD session
B)Document analysis
C)Closed ended interview questions
D)Probing interview questions
E)Root cause analysis

Question 31

A technique where the analyst watches how people perform their activities is _______

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 32

Which of the following is NOT a common problem in JAD sessions?

A)Where one or two people dominate the discussion
B)Where two or more people seem to be in great disagreements - but actually are very close together (violent agreement)
C)Where two or more people just cannot agree - and have made sure that the others know this (unresolved conflict)
D)That the facilitator helps by inserting his or her opinion
E)Where some people seem to be whispering and side discussions among themselves

Question 33

Mya,an analyst for National Homeowners Insurance of Hartford Connecticut,has been assigned to look at radical changes to property damage claims.Currently,she is taking each step in the existing process and deleting it to see if that step really was needed (or was duplicated in other ways).Which analysis technique is she using?

A)Activity based costing
B)Activity elimination
C)Forecasting analysis
D)Problem analysis
E)Root-cause analysis

Question 34

There are times where what one 'assumes' might be incorrect.The analyst may assume that a system needs to have bilingual language support in California,while the system is only used by a small department where only English is spoken.Likewise,an analyst may assume that financial data is coming from internal sources,but is largely coming from external bank regulators and the Federal Reserve Bank.Analyzing the assumptions underlying a process to really understand what users,customers and others want is:

A)Duration analysis
B)Feasibility analysis
C)Outcome analysis
D)Problem analysis
E)Root cause analysis

Question 35

Which of the following requirements analysis techniques would most likely have: moderate project costs;multiple business functions;moderate risk;and generally offers moderate potential benefits?

A)Business Process Automation (BPA)
B)Business Process Improvement (BPI)
C)Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
D)Business Process Blue-skying (BPB)
E)Business Process Efficiency (BPE)

Question 36

A technique where the project team,users,and management work together for several hours or several days or several weeks until the needed information is collected is: _____.

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 37

An analysis team consisting of users,managers,and analysts,are doing activity elimination analysis.They are probably in the midst of:

A)Business Process Automation (BPA)
B)Business Process Improvement (BPI)
C)Business Process Reengineering (BPR)
D)Business Process Blue-skying (BPB)
E)Business Process Efficiency (BPE)

Question 38

In the interview report,what will probably NOT be included?

A)Summary of what the interviewee said
B)Interview's name; interviewee's name
C)Details from crucial areas of the interview relating to the project at hand
D)The actual questions that were asked as a permanent record
E)Any materials, documents, etc. that the interviewee gave you relevant to the project at hand

Question 39

Mya is an analyst for National Homeowners Insurance of Hartford Connecticut.After hurricane Katrina,National Homeowners took an average of 78 days to assess damage and settle claims in the affected area.While Katrina was an unusual situation,Mya's analysis shows that the average claim processing should be less than 10 days for more 'normal' insurance processing.What analysis technique is she using?

A)Duration analysis
B)Formal benchmarking
C)Hurricane model analysis
D)Simulation
E)ANOVA forecasting

Question 40

A technique where an analyst goes through binders of information about a system,such as processes,procedures,etc.is __________

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 41

Danielle has asked some closed ended questions to start an interview;then some open ended questions.Now she wants to really wants to get a greater depth of information about the process.She would probably use _________ questions.

A)More closed ended
B)More open ended
C)Probing
D)Structured
E)Boxing structure

Question 42

In your JAD session,you have a range of participants - from hourly workers to managers and executives.As you are conducting the JAD session,you sense that Chris,an accounts receivable processor is reluctant to talk - and it seems that is because Karen,the manager of the accounting department is also involved.The BEST plan might be to:

A)Quietly ask Karen at a break to encourage Chris to join in more
B)Quietly ask Chris at a break to join in more
C)Let it be, and after the JAD session is over, schedule an interview with Chris
D)Ask Chris a direct factual question that you know he can answer
E)After the first day, replace Chris with another accounts receivable person who will speak up

Question 43

Probably the first thing to do when conducting an interview is:

A)Turn on your tape recorder
B)Get started by asking the first question on your list
C)Build rapport with the interviewee so he or she trusts you
D)Ask a close ended question
E)Ask a probing question

Question 44

Bridget needs to interview Yuri.She contacts him to verify the areas where he has knowledge so he is able to answer the questions.This would be done in which step of the interview process?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 45

As part of the requirements gathering process,Mike is creating an interview schedule that lists all of the people who will be interviewed,when and for what purpose.In what part of the interview process would this occur?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 46

Damian,a systems analysst,is getting frustrated.With the other analysts on the project team,he started developing an interview schedule.But,the list of interviewees has grown significantly.He should have known that would have happened as it was discussed in the textbook in which of the following interviewing phases?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 47

During an interview with a technical support specialist,she uses an acronym XYZ that you are not familiar with.You should:

A)Note it in your interview notes to 'Google' it when you are done to learn about it
B)Not ask her for the meaning as you are a professional in the area and to ask would undermine your credibility
C)Let it pass as she will probably explain it more later in the interview
D)Act like you know the meaning and even use in a question like "How do you support XYZ in your processing"?
E)Ask her to explain the term. Some departments have special jargon that needs interpretation

Question 48

To make his interviewee at ease,Karolyn has decided on asking general questions first and then moving to more detailed questions.She is using a _________ interviewing structure.

A)Top down
B)Bottom up
C)Closed ended
D)Open ended
E)Probing

Question 49

Rosa is creating an interview plan that lists the questions that she will ask and she is trying to anticipate the possible answers.This would be done in which step of the interview process?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 50

Rafael,Fraud Unit Manager,has just received an interview report from Stefano,a systems analyst.Rafael was interviewed by Stefano,and was asked to make corrections and clarifications to the interview report.In what interview phase would this occur?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 51

One difference between the reports from interviews and from a JAD session is that:

A)It describes information from the interview or JAD session
B)The interview report will give a complete project management timeline; while the JAD session report will not
C)The interview report is generally written within 48 hours of the interview; while the JAD session report may take a week or two after the JAD session.
D)The JAD report will include results from questionnaires while the interview report will not
E)JAD reports will include technology analysis while interviews will only include root cause analysis

Question 52

After creating the interview report you should:

A)Send a copy to the interviewee with a request to read it and correct or clarify
B)Change the document into a unchangeable format (like a pdf file)so that it cannot be changed or edited
C)Distribute the interview report to all others that are on the interview schedule so they will not have to go over the same materials
D)Edit the report into a bulleted format for easier analysis
E)Distribute the interview report to the interviewee's manager.

Question 53

Robin is conducting an e-JAD session.What might be the main benefit of an e-JAD session?

A)It can reduce the time to run a JAD session from 50% to 80%
B)It removes false interpretation of body language
C)It will eliminate the 'violent agreement' aspect of traditional JAD sessions
D)It will eliminate the 'unresolved conflict' aspects of traditional JAD sessions
E)It will eliminate the need for humor as found in traditional JAD sessions

Question 54

Your new online customer relationship management (CRM)system has been in place for 3 months.You want to get feedback on how it has been received by customers.What might be the best approach?

A)Select three customers at random and call them for their feedback
B)Develop an online survey and e-mail a link to the survey to all customers that have used the system
C)Develop an online survey and e-mail a link to a random group of five customers that have used the system
D)Arrange to be with three customers when they use the system to observe how they use it
E)Interview three help desk staff people as to complaints and feedback they have gotten from users.

Question 55

Michael,a systems analyst,is preparing a closed wiki site for Northstate Bank.He has written permission from eight other companies to view their internal wiki sites,and also has approval from his manager and the project team to use these other sites for ideas and structure.This would be a form of:

A)Business Process Automation
B)Business Process Improvement
C)Informal Benchmarking
D)Formal Benchmarking
E)Technology Analysis

Question 56

One of the major differences between a JAD session and an interview is:

A)Selecting participants
B)Figuring out what is to be done
C)Preparing for the session
D)Writing up results and a report
E)All JAD sessions are structured and must be carefully planned

Question 57

Michelle is going to facilitate a JAD session.She has prepared ground rules.In what step of the JAD process is this done?

A)Selecting participants
B)Designing the JAD session
C)Preparing for the JAD session
D)Conducting the JAD session
E)Post-JAD follow-up

Question 58

Paul is interviewing Ming.He first explains why he is there and what he wants to accomplish in the interview.This would be done in which step of the interview process?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 59

Sridhar is interviewing the manager in the stock room about a new supply chain system project.He wants to start with some specific questions,and then move to broader general questions about stock room processes and procedures.Sridhar is using the _____ interview structure.

A)Closed ended
B)Open ended
C)Bottom up
D)Top down
E)Probing

Question 60

The interview process has gone well.There are a few things that need clarification and what really happens when specific financial analysts use the system.Which of the following might be the best way to verify what does happen?

A)Observation of how the analysts do their work
B)Document analysis of what the system was to do
C)A JAD session with end users, financial analysts and top managers
D)Additional interviews with top level managers in the finance area
E)Questionnaires / survey of end users of the system

Question 61

A JAD facilitator does all of the following except:

A)Sets the meeting agenda
B)Encourages non-participants to join in
C)Tries to keep the discussion on track and avoid 'agenda merry-go-round'
D)Expresses his or her opinion when necessary
E)Attempts to keep the discussion from being controlled by just a few people

Question 62

The SDLC moves from the current system (often called the "past system")to the new system (often called the "future system").

Question 63

Hamid has selected one middle manager from each department that will be affected by the updated system and one lower-level manager from each department,along with a few senior staff as well as the project sponsor for a JAD session.He is trying to: _________

A)Balance the work load for departments so the regular day-to-day functions can still continue while the JAD team is off-site
B)Create a new hybrid department that will beta test the final system
C)Prevent domination by only a few individuals in the JAD session
D)Have a broad mix of organizational levels in the JAD session
E)Reduce the time necessary for the length of JAD session meetings

Question 64

Which of the following is true about a JAD facilitator?

A)They can participate in the discussion to settle a disagreement
B)They keep track of all discussions by entering information into the computer
C)They allow sidebar discussions and unstructured activities
D)They recognize that some people know more about the system and proposed system and will dominate the discussion and know that is a positive thing
E)They set the meeting agenda

Question 65

During an interview,the analyst has asked several open-ended questions regarding the procedures that are followed to handle a delinquent customer.Although the supervisor being interviewed has answered the questions,the analyst is still unclear about several details of the process.The analyst's best course of action is to _____.

A)Ask probing questions to try and get more detail
B)Assume that he can figure out the procedure late after the interview is concluded
C)Give up for now and talk to the supervisor again tomorrow
D)Jump to another unrelated topic
E)Stop the interview and seek a more cooperative subject

Question 66

One of the first activities of an analyst is to determine the business requirements for the new system

Question 67

Thom wants to gather information from outside the organization.He would probably use:

A) Document analysis
B) Interviewing
C) Joint application design (JAD)sessions
D) Observation
E) Questionnaires

Question 68

Lars wants to combine information from a variety of perspectives,as well as build consensus,and use a requirements gathering technique that has a good chance at reducing scope creep.He probably will use: _____.

A)document analysis
B)interview
C)JAD session
D)observation
E)questionnaire

Question 69

An interview report is prepared in which step of the interview process?

A)Conducting the interview
B)Designing interview questions
C)Post interview following-up
D)Preparing for the interview
E)Selecting an interviewee

Question 70

The output of the analysis phase is the 'system proposal'.

Question 71

Henri examines existing paperwork in order to better understand the as-is system.This is called:

A)Document analysis
B)Interviewing
C)Joint application design (JAD)sessions
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 72

Blaine is using a requirements gathering technique that begins with non-threatening questions,avoids abbreviations,groups items into logically coherent sections,and might best be used with outside users.He probably is using:

A)Document analysis
B)Interview
C)JAD session
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 73

During the interview process,you were told how well the current system works.You have decided to observe how one of the electronic order forms is processed.Daniel,an order processing clerk,takes all the queued information and prints it out.He then circles the order number and the total amount and types it into a spreadsheet.Ultimately he will total the individual amounts.This is a(n)_______ system.

A)Customer friendly
B)Documentation
C)Formal
D)Informal
E)Policy

Question 74

What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the situation rather than listen to others describe it?

A)Document analysis
B)Interviewing
C)Joint application design (JAD)sessions
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 75

Marta wants to collect facts and opinions from a wide range of geographically dispersed people quickly and with the least expense.She would probably want to use:

A)Document analysis
B)Interview
C)JAD session
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 76

Creating an interview plan that lists the questions that you will ask and anticipates the possible answers is done in which step of the interview process?

A)Conducting the interview
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Following-up
E)Selecting an interviewee

Question 77

Theresa would like to gain a broad understanding of just the as-is system,but the IS department has not fully budgeted this phase of the analysis process and she has not been given permission to contact the users.She could probably use which of the following techniques?

A)Document analysis
B)Interviews
C)JAD
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 78

During observation Kim has learned that the users in the inventory monitoring department have created their own forms.This is a clear sign that the _____.

A)As-is system is meeting user needs
B)Department was overlooked during the interview process
C)Process does not need improvements
D)System needs to be changed
E)Users in the department are innovative

Question 79

Rachel is a systems analyst working on an update to the customer update system.Which of the following might be the best group to interview?

A)At least one customer service agent (CSA), at least one shift supervisor, and the CSA department manager
B)Three shift supervisors and the department manager
C)Three customer service agents (one with less than one year experience; one with one to five years of experience and one with over five years of experience, and the finance vice president
D)Three shift supervisors from the customer service department; a shift manager from the call center; and a shift manager from the stockroom.
E)A manager in the human resources department

Question 80

LaChelle has set the agenda,will record the group's input on a public display area (like a white board)and will guide the discussion during a JAD session.She is serving as the ________.

A)Systems analyst
B)Software engineer
C)Scribe
D)Participant
E)Facilitator