Deck 3: Requirements Determination

Question 1

After creating the interview report you should:

A)Send a copy to the interviewee with a request to read it and correct or clarify
B)Change the document into a unchangeable format (like a pdf file)so that it cannot be changed or edited
C)Distribute the interview report to all others that are on the interview schedule so they will not have to go over the same materials
D)Edit the report into a bulleted format for easier analysis
E)Distribute the interview report to the interviewee's manager.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which is NOT a purpose of the requirements definition?

A)To give a very high-level explanation of the business requirements
B)A more precise list of requirements that can be used as inputs to the rest of analysis
C)Create functional requirements
D)Create cost/benefit analysis
E)Create non-functional requirements

Answer 2

D

Question 3

In the interview report,what will probably NOT be included?

A)Summary of what the interviewee said
B)Interview's name;interviewee's name
C)Details from crucial areas of the interview relating to the project at hand
D)The actual questions that were asked as a permanent record
E)Any materials,documents,etc.that the interviewee gave you relevant to the project at hand

Answer 3

D

Question 4

According to the authors,in moving "from here to there",an analyst needs:

A)An understanding of corporate politics
B)Knowledge on how to stop scope creep
C)Joint Application Development facilitating skills
D)Microsoft Project Management software skills
E)Strong critical thinking skills

Question 5

Danielle has asked some closed ended questions to start an interview;then some open ended questions.Now she wants to really wants to get a greater depth of information about the process.She would probably use _________ questions.

A)More closed ended
B)More open ended
C)Probing
D)Structured
E)Boxing structure

Question 6

The interview process has gone well.There are a few things that need clarification and what really happens when specific financial analysts use the system.Which of the following might be the best way to verify what does happen?

A)Observation of how the analysts do their work
B)Document analysis of what the system was to do
C)A JAD session with end users,financial analysts and top managers
D)Additional interviews with top level managers in the finance area
E)Questionnaires / survey of end users of the system

Question 7

Which is generally NOT true of non-functional requirements?

A)Cultural differences can be considered
B)Color interpretations on screens and forms may be different in different geographical places
C)Multi-lingual interfaces many be needed
D)Systems may need to adapt from global solutions to local realities
E)Systems may need to have actual expenses from global operations

Question 8

Myles is studying a system to lessen the number of complaints about the Help Desk.He has formally studied the service counter at Wal-Mart,Target and Kohl's department stores;as well as listened in to complaint phone calls to a hotel booking site.He is trying to see how other organizations work at lessening complaints and also how they handle complaints.This would be what type of analysis?

A)Complaint processing
B)Design analysis
C)Problem analysis
D)Outcome analysis
E)Informal benchmarking

Question 9

When gathering requirements from processing clerks and lower level managers about 'how' a system works,the best approach might be: _____.

A)JAD session
B)Document analysis
C)Closed ended interview questions
D)Probing interview questions
E)Root cause analysis

Question 10

Which of the following will probably NOT be at a system walkthrough?

A)User representatives
B)Management representatives
C)Computer Center director
D)Key decision makers
E)Analyst who prepared the system proposal

Question 11

Which is NOT a good practice in conducting interviews?

A)Be happy - happy people radiate confidence
B)Explain thoroughly - it is estimated that in a strong interview session,the interviewer (you)should talk and explain about 60% of the time;and the interviewee should answer about 40% of the time
C)Watch interviewees' facial expressions,how they sit and their body language;do they cross their arms;do they lean forward?
D)Pay attention to what the interviewee is saying
E)If the interviewee ask you a question,answer it truthfully - and if you don't know an answer,say so

Question 12

An example of a nonfunctional requirement is ____________

A)Supplier table is available
B)The system must contain customer order history for three years
C)System can be used in any of 100 offices worldwide
D)SQL queries from customer table and order table are available
E)Customer zipcode is formatted as character data

Question 13

The line between analysis and design is sometimes very blurry.One reason is that _____:

A)Object-oriented methods are generally fuzzier as compared to waterfall methods
B)there is inadequate funding for the analysis phase to do a complete analysis
C)analysts are generally rushed to complete the system proposal
D)scope creep has occurred
E)the deliverables are really the first step in the design of the new system

Question 14

An example of a functional requirement is _________

A)Access to the customer order system
B)System should be available in English and Spanish
C)System can be accessed through a Blackberry device
D)Output can be displayed in Internet Explorer,in Firefox,or in Google Chrome browsers
E)System is automatically updated every 5 seconds

Question 15

When gathering requirements,the most commonly used technique is: __________

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 16

The authors suggest that an analyst is 'very much like a ____________' and business users are like elusive suspects.

A)Police professional
B)Politician
C)Forensic scientist
D)Air traffic controller
E)Detective

Question 17

Probably the first thing to do when conducting an interview is:

A)Turn on your tape recorder
B)Get started by asking the first question on your list
C)Build rapport with the interviewee so he or she trusts you
D)Ask a close ended question
E)Ask a probing question

Question 18

Which is NOT a requirements analysis strategy?

A)Understanding of the as-is system
B)Identifying improvements
C)Developing requirements for the to-be system
D)Root cause analysis
E)Understanding of screen design,layout and navigation

Question 19

A technique where a set of written (or online)questions are distributed to people (frequently to a large number of people)is: _____.

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 20

A technique where the analyst watches how people perform their activities is _______

A)Document Analysis
B)Interviews
C)Joint Application Development (JAD)sessions
D)Questionnaires / surveys
E)Observation

Question 21

An interview report is prepared in which step of the interview process?

A)Conducting the interview
B)Designing interview questions
C)Post interview following-up
D)Preparing for the interview
E)Selecting an interviewee

Question 22

Michael,a systems analyst,is preparing a closed wiki site for Northstate Bank.He has written permission from eight other companies to view their internal wiki sites,and also has approval from his manager and the project team to use these other sites for ideas and structure.This would be a form of:

A)Business Process Automation
B)Business Process Improvement
C)Informal Benchmarking
D)Formal Benchmarking
E)Technology Analysis

Question 23

Some people have suggested that the 'analysis' phase could be clearer if it was called the 'analysis and initial design' phase.

Question 24

Hamid has selected one middle manager from each department that will be affected by the updated system and one lower-level manager from each department,along with a few senior staff as well as the project sponsor for a JAD session.He is trying to: _________

A)Balance the work load for departments so the regular day-to-day functions can still continue while the JAD team is off-site
B)Create a new hybrid department that will beta test the final system
C)Prevent domination by only a few individuals in the JAD session
D)Have a broad mix of organizational levels in the JAD session
E)Reduce the time necessary for the length of JAD session meetings

Question 25

Typically,interviews include the following type questions:

A)Probing
B)Open Ended
C)Close ended
D)Observation

Question 26

One of the major differences between a JAD session and an interview is:

A)Selecting participants
B)Figuring out what is to be done
C)Preparing for the session
D)Writing up results and a report
E)All JAD sessions are structured and must be carefully planned

Question 27

One difference between the reports from interviews and from a JAD session is that:

A)It describes information from the interview or JAD session
B)The interview report will give a complete project management timeline;while the JAD session report will not
C)The interview report is generally written within 48 hours of the interview;while the JAD session report may take a week or two after the JAD session.
D)The JAD report will include results from questionnaires while the interview report will not
E)JAD reports will include technology analysis while interviews will only include root cause analysis

Question 28

When an analyst is looking for specific,precise information they would probably choose this type of question:

A)Probing
B)Open Ended
C)Close ended
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 29

What information-gathering strategy enables the analyst to see the reality of the situation rather than listen to others describe it?

A)Document analysis
B)Interviewing
C)Joint application design (JAD)sessions
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 30

When an analyst is seeking a more wide ranging response to questions they would probably use:

A)Open Ended
B)Close ended
C)Observation
D)Probing

Question 31

The SDLC moves from the current system (often called the "past system")to the new system (often called the "future system").

Question 32

One of the first activities of an analyst is to determine the business requirements for the new system

Question 33

Blaine is using a requirements gathering technique that begins with non-threatening questions,avoids abbreviations,groups items into logically coherent sections,and might best be used with outside users.He probably is using:

A)Document analysis
B)Interview
C)JAD session
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 34

When dealing with a global information supply chain,functional requirements generally increase exponentially,while nonfunctional requirements tend to stay about the same.

Question 35

Practical tips states that interpersonal skills are important,they include:

A)Paying attention
B)Being honest
C)Ability to summarize key points
D)Be happy
E)All of these

Question 36

Rafael,Fraud Unit Manager,has just received an interview report from Stefano,a systems analyst.Rafael was interviewed by Stefano,and was asked to make corrections and clarifications to the interview report.In what interview phase would this occur?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 37

Which of the following is true about a JAD facilitator?

A)They can participate in the discussion to settle a disagreement
B)They keep track of all discussions by entering information into the computer
C)They allow sidebar discussions and unstructured activities
D)They recognize that some people know more about the system and proposed system and will dominate the discussion and know that is a positive thing
E)They set the meeting agenda

Question 38

When an analyst is seeking more information from a response to questions they would probably use:

A)Open Ended questions
B)Close ended questions
C)Probing questions
D)All of these

Question 39

Marta wants to collect facts and opinions from a wide range of geographically dispersed people quickly and with the least expense.She would probably want to use:

A)Document analysis
B)Interview
C)JAD session
D)Observation
E)Questionnaires

Question 40

Paul is interviewing Ming.He first explains why he is there and what he wants to accomplish in the interview.This would be done in which step of the interview process?

A)Selecting interviewees
B)Designing interview questions
C)Preparing for the interview
D)Conducting the interview
E)Post-interview follow-up

Question 41

In RAD or agile development methodology (especially with BPR),a significant amount of time and effort is spent in understanding the as-is system.

Question 42

The most commonly used requirements gathering technique is the interview..

Question 43

To create the requirements definition,the project team first should consider the kinds of functional and non-functional requirements that they will collect about the system.

Question 44

Cindi Flores distributed 'white-papers' on RFID,ERP,GPS and SOA to a user-management group.She then asked them to 'think outside the box' on where these technologies could be used in the company.This would be an example of 'technology analysis'.

Question 45

Jorge,Vice President of Operations,has requested that the updated supply chain system keep a record of all 'stock-outs' for six years.This is an example of a functional requirement.

Question 46

In interviews,Ross has learned that the new order entry system must be available in at least three formats (mobile,web browser,and local area network based);that it must function in either English or Spanish;and that the system must return order forms and data in less than 2 seconds.He recognizes these as nonfunctional requirements.

Question 47

Unless ordered by the lead analyst for a project,you should not share your interview report with those that you interviewed.Doing so will almost always result in scope creep and changes in the requirements.

Question 48

Maria,a systems analyst,is tweaking the high-level explanation of the business requirements into a more precise list of requirements.This is called 'requirements detemination'.

Question 49

In preparing for an interview,TJ does research as to areas in which the interviewee has knowledge so that he does not ask questions that an interviewee cannot answer.

Question 50

Yuri wants to interview both managers and staff in the accounting department for the updated credit analysis project.This is an appropriate group for first round interviews.

Question 51

Gary has eight interviews to conduct over the next week.Once he has completed all interviews,he should then write up a summary report.Preparing interview reports prior to completing all interviews will generally be premature until Gary has talked to all interviewees.

Question 52

The requirements-gathering process is used for building financial support for the project and establishing common understanding of technologies and rapport between the project team building the system and the users of the system.

Question 53

The most important purpose of the requirements definition is to define the scope of the system.

Question 54

Management of requirements and system scope is one of the hardest parts of managing a project.

Question 55

The three types of interview questions are: multiple choice,fill in the blank and short answer.

Question 56

In terms of reaching the most number of people in requirements gathering,interviews are considered better than questionnaires.

Question 57

Generally beginning analysts should avoid unstructured interviews and likewise should avoid "winging it".

Question 58

Marta wants to focus on 'why' a particular lockout situation occurs on a customer relationship management system,rather than just developing a work-around fix.She is doing activity elimination.

Question 59

Miski has modified an existing time reporting system for hourly employees to be more efficient as they can text message when they are leaving a job site.This would be an example of Business Process Automation.

Question 60

Generally 'system requirements' are developed in the analysis phase and evolve to more technical 'business requirements' in the design phase.

Question 61

One person dominating the group discussion of a JAD session will normally lead to a positive outcome?

Question 62

During an interview,the interviewee expresses a strong opinion on a topic,like "SOA will not work here".What should you do? How would you approach this?

Question 63

Your company updated its processes for financial reporting when Sarbanes-Oxley became law.Additional changes in Sarbanes-Oxley reporting have been mandated to start in one year.To help you understand the as-is system,you should review the documentation,processes and procedures that were developed with the initial Sarbanes-Oxley project.

Question 64

To get to more depth in understanding the as-is system,document analysis and observation generally are more beneficial as compared to interviews and JAD sessions.

Question 65

The proposed TTR system makes some sweeping changes to how business is done.Upper management from the CEO / CIO down have encouraged this project.There is a team of 12 people working on various aspects of the project.You think the best solution is to have a JAD session of significant players on the project,but it is not going well.Several just cannot get away from other projects and responsibilities.How should you approach this?

Question 66

Rebecca,a fairly new employee in the company and Matt,her boss (who has been with the company for 22 years)are in your JAD session.It would probably be expected that Rebecca would not share much in the session.

Question 67

Ralph is known throughout the company as being an old curmudgeon.But,he is without a doubt the most knowledgeable person in the fraud analysis department.The system project you are working on has to have an interface to various fraud applications.How should you prepare for an interview with Ralph?

Question 68

You are on an analysis team for a SOA (service oriented architecture)project that may impact how the systems development group develops systems.This is a challenge for some of the development team who are used to more traditional approaches.You are focusing less on the as-is system and more on the to-be system.You really want to understand the fears and reluctance within the development team.Develop an interview plan: who would you interview? Why? What kinds of questions would you use? How might you get to the real depths of concerns?

Question 69

You have interviewed Chang and Bridget about some radical changes to the CRM system.They both have been with the company for over 10 years.Yet,in their interview,there were discrepancies in what they told you.You also sensed from the interview with Bridget that her body language was 'tight'.How should you try to reconcile this?

Question 70

The JAD session you have been facilitating has generally gone well.But you are noticing (on this the sixth day)that people are getting a bit irritated with each other;there are too many sidebar conversations;people are calling into their office on the breaks;and in general,the 'can-do' attitude that was present in the first few days seems to be deteriorating.How might you get the group back to focusing on the topics and work at hand?

Question 71

Online questionnaires (using tools like SurveyMonkey and similar sites)are growing in use,but generally online questionnaires have a lower completion rate.

Question 72

MetaContinental has been mandated to comply with Sarbanes-Oxley criteria.The reporting system will need to be almost completely overhauled to comply.The project team realizes that this will be a business process reengineering project.How should they go about gathering business requirements for the new system? Should they have interviews? Who? Why? How many? Should they have a JAD session? What other techniques should they use for gathering requirements?

Question 73

Juan has tried observing how clients in the claims department handle requests.He has a chair near the counter and has his laptop open taking notes.He senses that his presence is really a giant interruption to the claims processors.They seem to be taking glances at him to see if he is writing down comments about their processes.He has insisted he just wants to know how their work is accomplished and ultimately the project team will deliver a system that is better and easier to use for them.He has heard from a 'friend-of-a-friend-of-a-friend' of one of the claim workers that they suspect that he is also connected to the HR department and that their jobs are on the line.How might he accomplish his observation activity?

Question 74

Most existing systems are well documented which leads to document analysis being very valuable.

Question 75

Your project sponsor has suggested several key people to involved in a JAD session.You cannot include all of the people,so you pick and choose those to invite to the session.You hear from the informal grapevine that one person that was not invited is upset and feels left out.This person has been with the company for 12 years and had a lot of expertise.What should you do? Why?