Deck 24: the Baroque in Italy and Spain

Question 1

How does Fra Andrea Pozzo create the illusion of Heaven opening above the heads of the congregation in the church of Sant'Ignazio?

A) He illusionistically continued the church's actual architecture into the vault so the roof seems to be lifting off.
B) He narrowed the nave ceiling so it is difficult to see the vault.
C) He widened the vault so the perspective is skewed.
D) He illusionistically lowered the church's actual architecture so the roof seems to be lifting off.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which of the following artists most influenced the work of Artemisia Gentileschi?

A) Annibale Carracci
B) Guido Reni
C) Bernini
D) Caravaggio

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following works by Bernini illustrates his mastery of perspective in architecture?

A) Spanish Steps
B) Scala Regia
C) Papal Steps
D) Scala Romana

Answer 3

B

Question 4

The ceiling fresco for Gran Salone in the Palazzo Barberini in Rome is a visual eulogy to the family. The papal tiara and keys seen in the fresco announce the personal triumph of a family member. Who is that family member?

A) Alexander VII
B) Leo III
C) Gregory VII
D) Urban VIII

Question 5

Which of the following Renaissance churches influenced Maderno's design for Santa Susanna in Rome?

A) San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, Rome
B) Il Gesù, Rome
C) Cathedral, Florence
D) Sta. Maria Novella, Florence

Question 6

One of the distinctive qualities of Francesco Borromini's architecture, visible in the façade of San Carlo alle Quattro Fontane, is ____.

A) the wave-like movement created by concave and convex lines
B) its similarity to Greek temple design
C) the smooth treatment of the wall
D) towers and tracery of Gothic architecture

Question 7

Bernini's statue of David differs from previous generations of this depiction. His David seems to be moving through time and space. Which of the following would support this description?

A) The pivoting motion of the figure implies the movement through space and time.
B) The figure's upright stance implies movement through space and time.
C) The crouching figure implies movement through space and time.
D) The action of raising the sling above his shoulder implies movement.

Question 8

As part of his training in art Annibale Carracci received instruction in the classical and Renaissance traditions as well as anatomy studies and life drawing. Which of the following styles would describe the style of Carracci?

A) a more naturalistic style
B) a strictly Renaissance style
C) a more classically ordered style
D) a more experimental style

Question 9

José de Ribera was most strongly influenced by the work of which of the following artists?

A) Annibale Carracci
B) Caravaggio
C) Guido Reni
D) Bernini

Question 10

Which of the following were among the founding members of the Bolognese Academy of Art?

A) the Farnese
B) the Caravaggisti
C) Fra Andrea Pozzo
D) the Carracci

Question 11

The gallery ceiling in the Palazzo Farnese in Rome was arranged as framed easel paintings. Who was the artist?

A) Guido Reni
B) Annibale Carracci
C) Caravaggio
D) Artemisia Gentileschi

Question 12

Which of the following influenced Paul V's decision to convert the central plan of Saint Peter's into a basilican plan through the addition of a nave?

A) The longitudinal plan resembled Byzantine churches
B) Paul V wanted a larger space for symbolic purposes
C) Central plan buildings evoked pagan temples
D) The Papacy wanted to outshine St. Paul's in London

Question 13

How does the Surrender of Breda glorify Spanish military authority?

Question 14

How does the Martyrdom of Saint Philip reflect Spanish taste?

Question 15

Caravaggio's Conversion of St. Paul presents the same dynamic emotion and dramatic religious fervor with the use of eloquent pictorial devices and stage lighting in much the same way as in which of the following works of art?

A) Bernini's Ecstasy of St. Teresa
B) Carracci's Flight into Egypt
C) Velásquez's Water Carrier of Seville
D) Rembrandt's Return of the Prodigal Son

Question 16

Which city has been generally credited with the birth of the Baroque style?

A) Madrid
B) Seville
C) Rome
D) Florence

Question 17

The Roman Catholic response to the Reformation was formulated at which of the following?

A) Council of Trent
B) Convocation of Rome
C) Council of Toledo
D) Council of Westphalia

Question 18

Which of the following represents a symbolic function of Bernini's Baldacchino?

A) The columns invoke the Early Christian past.
B) The columns reiterate the promise of Salvation.
C) The columns visually state the wealth of the Church.
D) The columns invoke the theme of Redemption.

Question 19

Velásquez held the titles of First Painter to the King and which of the following?

A) Manager of the Stables
B) Treasurer of the Escorial
C) Curator of the Escorial
D) Chief Steward of the Palace

Question 20

Velásquez was the court painter for Philip IV. He accompanied the king to Fraga during the Aragonese campaign. While there he painted Philip's portrait, it is known as the Fraga Philip. Due to the dynastic inbreeding in the Hapsburg line, Philip inherited the Hapsburg jaw. How did Velásquez compensate for this "jaw" in the Fraga portrait?

A) He painted a heavy beard on the king's face.
B) He used a large brimmed hat to shade the king's face.
C) He focused attention of the cloak and baldric worn by the king by making them shimmer.
D) He focused on the mustache of the king.

Question 21

How does this painting evoke the Barberini family for whom it was commissioned?

Question 22

Evaluate the role played by art in the revitalization of the Roman Catholic Church and Catholic theology during the 17ᵗʰ century. How did the art become propaganda and how did that affect Europe in general? Use examples to support your essay.

Question 23

Explain the break from the traditional approach to painting self-portraits seen here.

Question 24

What is the spiritual reference at work in this painting?

Question 25

Describe the various illusionistic techniques employed in ceiling paintings during the seventeenth century.

Question 26

Caravaggio's style found many imitators. Identify some of the artists who were influenced by Caravaggio's art. Which elements of his art did they incorporate? What are the unique aspects of their own style?

Question 27

Briefly describe the characteristics of Caravaggio's style.

Question 28

Which features enhanced the illusionism of this ceiling painting?

Question 29

In designing the piazza of Saint Peter's, which objects was Bernini obligated to incorporate into the design and how to did he arrive at a solution?

Question 30

How is this an attempt on the part of the artist to elevate himself and his profession?

Question 31

How did the Roman Catholic Church use art to respond via the Counter-Reformation?

Question 32

What is the Baldacchino?

Question 33

How is Bernini's intimate experience with theater reflected in the Cornaro chapel?

Question 34

Describe the representation of Bernini's David. How has it evolved from the earlier works of Donatello, Verrocchio, and Michelangelo?

Question 35

How did the worldwide mercantile system change the face of Europe?