Deck 5: Initial Client Consultation and Assessment

Question 1

What describes the movement type called adduction?

A)Movement away from the midline of the body and in a transverse plane
B)Movement that decreases the joint angle with no movement in the plane
C)Movement towards the midline of the body in the frontal plane
D)Movement along the longitudinal plane

Answer 1

Movement towards the midline of the body in the frontal plane

Question 2

What describes the systemic approach to learning anatomy?

A)Anatomy learned via the gross anatomy approach
B)Anatomy learned through organized divisions of the body
C)Anatomy learned according to organ systems
D)Anatomy learned topographically

Answer 2

Anatomy learned according to organ systems

Question 3

Which of the following organ systems are studied biomechanically as a health and fitness professional?

A)Skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory
B)Skeletal, muscular, endocrine, and respiratory
C)Muscular, endocrine, cardiovascular, and respiratory
D)Muscular, reproductive, respiratory, and skeletal

Answer 3

Skeletal, muscular, cardiovascular, and respiratory

Question 4

What is the name for a grouping of disease symptoms including unstable angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, and sudden cardiac death?

A)Acute coronary syndrome
B)Cardiovascular disease
C)Atherothrombotic diseases
D)Restrictive lung disease

Question 5

To which plane does the mediolateral axis lie perpendicular?

A)Sagittal
B)Transverse
C)Longitudinal
D)Frontal

Question 6

What are the three cardinal planes of the body?

A)Mediolateral, anteroposterior, longitudinal
B)Mediolateral, longitudinal, superior
C)Longitudinal, sagittal, frontal
D)Sagittal, frontal, transverse

Question 7

Movement away from the body's midline in the frontal plane, around an anteroposterior axis, is what type of movement?

A)Pronation
B)Extension
C)Adduction
D)Abduction

Question 8

In what plane and axis does the movement of extension occur?

A)Sagittal plane, longitudinal axis
B)Frontal plane, mediolateral axis
C)Sagittal plane, mediolateral axis
D)Transverse plane, anteroposterior axis

Question 9

What type of movement is a combination of flexion, extension, abduction, and adduction?

A)Circumduction
B)Dorsiflexion
C)Supination
D)Rotation

Question 10

Where does the movement of flexion occur?

A)In the sagittal plane, around the anteroposterior axis
B)In the transverse plane, around the mediolateral axis
C)In the sagittal plane, around the mediolateral axis
D)In the frontal plane, around the longitudinal axis

Question 11

What is another term for the body orientation known as inferior?

A)Dorsal
B)Lateral
C)Cranial
D)Caudal

Question 12

Which plane is known to divide the body into superior/inferior segments?

A)Sagittal
B)Transverse
C)Frontal
D)Longitudinal

Question 13

What is an objective indication of a disease that is observed, discovered, or measured by a physician during examination?

A)Sign
B)Symptom
C)Complaint
D)Diagnostic

Question 14

When discussing the segments of the body and their associated planes, where does the axis lie within that plane?

A)Parallel to the plane
B)Perpendicular to the plane
C)Diagonally through the plane
D)There is no reference between the plane and its axis

Question 15

What is a more commonly used term for cranial orientation?

A)Caudal
B)Anterior
C)Superior
D)Cephalic

Question 16

What does an implied consent form not provide?

A)Evidence that client was informed of purposes, procedures, and risks of exercise testing
B)Coverage for improper test administration due to accidental omissions
C)Written documentation of providing necessary information to the client prior to the testing
D)Information to the client so that they can make an informed decisions about participating in the exercise testing

Question 17

What movement is the opposite of adduction?

A)Conduction
B)Abduction
C)Pronation
D)Supination

Question 18

Which of the following is not an important part of assessing a client's physical suitability for exercise testing and training?

A)Reviewing medical history
B)Assessing cardiac risk
C)Discussing fitness goals
D)Evaluating physical exam findings

Question 19

Flexion is a type of movement that performs what action?

A)Moves the part away from the midline of the body
B)Moves the part towards the midline of the body
C)Increases the angle of the joint
D)Decreases the angle of the joint

Question 20

Which type of motion increases the angle of the moving joint?

A)Extension
B)Flexion
C)Adduction
D)Dorsiflexion

Question 21

What movement occurs around a longitudinal axis in the transverse plane?

A)Circumduction
B)Rotation
C)Pronation
D)Supination

Question 22

What movement brings the sole of the foot toward the body's midline?

A)Dorsiflexion
B)Supination
C)Eversion
D)Inversion

Question 23

Which of the following is not a bone that consists of several other bones fused together?

A)Ulna
B)Skull
C)Coccyx
D)Sacrum

Question 24

What structure acts as the main axial support for the body?

A)Skull
B)Sternum
C)Ribs
D)Spine

Question 25

What is the main function of the annulus fibrosus?

A)Transmits forces evenly across the disc and deforms easily
B)Binds the vertebrae together and resists destructive forces to the spine
C)Provides a space for the spinal cord
D)Attracts and holds water within the structure

Question 26

What is the function of the intervertebral discs?

A)Absorb shock and bear weight
B)Bear weight and provide hydration to the spinal cord
C)Prevent fusion of the vertebrae
D)Provide a fusion site for the sacrum

Question 27

Which of the following movements is not a rotational one?

A)Dorsiflexion
B)Pronation
C)Supination
D)Rotation

Question 28

Which of the following is a normal curvature of the spine directed in an anterior convexity?

A)Sacral
B)Scoliosis
C)Lumbar
D)Hyperlordosis

Question 29

Which of the following is a normal, primary curve in the sagittal plane?

A)Sacral
B)Cervical
C)Lumbar
D)Lordosis

Question 30

What movement is known as "pointing the toes" in laymen's terms?

A)Pronation
B)Supination
C)Plantarflexion
D)Dorsiflexion

Question 31

How many thoracic vertebrae are found in the spine?

A)4
B)5
C)7
D)12

Question 32

Which of the following bones is not part of the axial skeleton?

A)Skull
B)Spine
C)Tibia
D)Sternum

Question 33

Which movement is actually an extension, but the name can be misleading if the anatomy is not well understood?

A)Dorsiflexion
B)Plantarflexion
C)Circumduction
D)Abduction

Question 34

What is not a function of the axial skeleton?

A)Supports and protects organs
B)Produces hormones for delivery throughout the body
C)Forms the longitudinal axis
D)Provides an attachment site for muscles

Question 35

What is the outer, fibrocartilaginous portion of intervertebral discs called?

A)Annulus fibrosus
B)Nucleus pulposus
C)Lumbar vertebra
D)Xiphoid process

Question 36

Which movement describes a motion that creates a cone shape?

A)Rotation
B)Pronation
C)Circumduction
D)Supination

Question 37

What type of curvature of the spine is developed as an infant progresses in weight bearing?

A)Scoliosis
B)Kyphosis
C)Primary
D)Secondary

Question 38

Which movement can occur either towards or away from the body's midline?

A)Supination
B)Pronation
C)Circumduction
D)Rotation

Question 39

Eversion is described as what type of movement?

A)Turning the plantar aspect of the foot away from the body's midline
B)Turning the plantar aspect of the foot toward from the body's midline
C)Flexing the plantar aspect of the foot downward
D)Flexing the dorsal aspect of the foot upward

Question 40

How many bones make up the skull?

A)13
B)23
C)29
D)32

Question 41

Which of the following is not an anatomical part of the upper arm?

A)Humerus
B)Medial epicondyle
C)Lateral epicondyle
D)Acromion process

Question 42

What anatomical orientation refers to the fingers as compared to the shoulder?

A)Distal
B)Proximal
C)Anterior
D)Superior

Question 43

The inferior angle of the scapula is a landmark used for what purpose?

A)Locating correct placement for ECG electrodes
B)As a skinfold site for body fat assessment
C)To determine a client's frame size
D)Provides structural support to ribs

Question 44

What bones make up the appendicular skeleton?

A)Arms, legs, and spine
B)Arms, legs, skull, and pelvic girdle
C)Arms, legs, and pelvic girdle
D)Arms, legs, pectoral, and pelvic girdles

Question 45

How many pairs of ribs are in the body?

A)5
B)7
C)12
D)24

Question 46

What is a connective tissue highly resistant to tensile and compressive forces?

A)Ligament
B)Tendon
C)Bone
D)Muscle

Question 47

What is an abnormal curve of the spine that is an exaggerated anterior lumbar curvature?

A)Scoliosis
B)Hyperlordosis
C)Hyperkyphosis
D)Xiphosis

Question 48

What forearm processes are necessary for locating the radial pulse?

A)Olecranon and radial styloid processes
B)Olecranon and ulnar styloid processes
C)Ulnar and brachial styloid processes
D)Ulnar and radial styloid processes

Question 49

What part of the appendicular skeleton is important for locating the proper placement of electrodes for ECG and defibrillation?

A)Scapulae
B)Clavicle
C)Sternum
D)Femur

Question 50

What bones compose the forearm?

A)Humerus and radius
B)Radius and ulna
C)Ulna and humerus
D)Clavicle and ulna

Question 51

Which ribs do not articulate to anything?

A)Rib pairs 1-4
B)Rib pairs 5-7
C)Rib pair 8-10
D)Rib pair 11 and 12

Question 52

What part of the sternum is an important landmark that should be palpated in order to locate correct placement of the hands during CPR?

A)Xiphoid process
B)Sternal angle
C)Manubrium
D)Carotid artery

Question 53

Which of the following is not a part of the sternum?

A)Xiphoid process
B)Body
C)Kyphosis
D)Manubrium

Question 54

What anatomical factor defines a rib as a "true" rib?

A)Whether or not it is made of bone (versus cartilage)
B)Whether or not it articulates directly to the sternum
C)Whether it articulates to the sternum or the xiphoid process
D)All the ribs are true ribs

Question 55

What structure proximally articulates with the glenoid fossa and distally with the ulna and radius?

A)Clavicle
B)Scapulae
C)Phalanges
D)Humerus

Question 56

What is the importance of the intercostal space between the true ribs?

A)Locates correct placement for electrocardiography electrodes
B)Locates correct placement of hands during cardio-pulmonary resuscitation
C)Locates correct placement for performing a tracheotomy
D)This intercostal space has no more significance than the other intercostal spaces

Question 57

Which bones make up the pelvic girdle?

A)Ilium, ischium, pubis, sacrum, and coccyx
B)Ilium, ischium, sacrum, and femur
C)Pubis, sacrum, coccyx, and femur
D)Spine, hips, and upper thigh

Question 58

What part of the sternum is important to help locate paddle placement for defibrillation?

A)Xiphoid process
B)Sternal angle
C)Manubrium
D)Carotid artery

Question 59

What is the description of the anatomical locating term "medial"?

A)The anatomy referred to is relatively closer to the body's midline
B)The anatomy referred to is relatively further from the body's midline
C)The anatomy referred to is relatively closer to the head
D)The anatomy referred to is relatively further from the head

Question 60

What upper body anatomy is measured for estimating frame size?

A)Humerus
B)Radius
C)Epicondyles
D)Phalanges

Question 61

Which type of bone contains an epiphysis at each end containing red bone marrow?

A)Long
B)Short
C)Flat
D)Irregular

Question 62

Which structure actually facilitates the exchange of gases?

A)Lobules
B)Primary bronchioles
C)Secondary bronchioles
D)Alveoli and alveolar ducts

Question 63

What unique type of joint is the thumb?

A)Cartilaginous
B)Synovial
C)Immovable
D)Fibrous

Question 64

What is not a general shape of bones found within the human skeleton?

A)Specialized
B)Long
C)Flat
D)Irregular

Question 65

What is the major respiratory function of the nose and sinuses?

A)Provide olfactory feedback
B)Provide air to the glottis for speech and sound formation
C)Warm, filter, and moisten air
D)Protect, support, and maintain an open airway

Question 66

What structure is a muscular - walled vessel that carries blood and eventually becomes smaller in size to become capillaries?

A)Vein
B)Arteriole
C)Atria
D)Artery

Question 67

What anatomical structure functions to maintain an open airway, prevent over - expansion of the respiratory system, and allow food passage?

A)Trachea
B)Larynx
C)Pharynx
D)Diaphragm

Question 68

What type of tissue is generally not exposed outside the body and provides support and protection?

A)Blood
B)Connective
C)Keratin
D)Epidermal

Question 69

The trachea, bronchi, bronchioles, and alveoli are part of what anatomical tract?

A)Upper respiratory tract
B)Lower respiratory tract
C)Respiratory tract
D)Cardiovascular tract

Question 70

What are the two types of bone tissue?

A)Compact and cancellous
B)Compact and dense
C)Compact and cortical
D)Dense and cancellous

Question 71

What anatomical structure provides storage for calcium salts in order to maintain correct concentrations of calcium and phosphate ions in the body?

A)Blood
B)Bone
C)Tooth dentin
D)Pancreas

Question 72

What is the correct order of flow through cardiac structures for blood from the lungs?

A)Superior and inferior vena cava, right atrium, tricuspid valve, right ventricle, pulmonic semilunar valve, pulmonary arteries, lungs, systemic circulation
B)Right pulmonary vein, right atrium, bicuspid valve, right ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, systemic circulation
C)Left pulmonary vein, left atrium, bicuspid valve, left ventricle, aortic semilunar valve, ascending aorta, systemic circulation
D)Ascending aorta, aortic semilunar valve, left ventricle, bicuspid valve, left atrium, systemic circulation

Question 73

What type of joint is necessary to accommodate circular movements?

A)Gliding
B)Hinge
C)Ball and socket
D)Pivot

Question 74

Which of the following anatomical parts is not part of the upper respiratory tract?

A)Nasal cavity
B)Nose
C)Larynx
D)Lungs

Question 75

What structure covers the actin bridging site during rest and is attached to troponin?

A)Myosin
B)Tropomyosin
C)Myofibrils
D)Myofilaments

Question 76

What characteristics of synovial joints help in their movement?

A)Their fibrous connections
B)Membranes containing lubricating fluid
C)Networks of tubules
D)A coverage of articular cartilage

Question 77

What anatomical location has flat bones?

A)Wrist
B)Ankle
C)Skull
D)Vertebrae

Question 78

Which of the following is not a type of bone tissue?

A)Cortical
B)Spongy
C)Dense
D)Dermal

Question 79

Where does growth of immature long bones occur?

A)Epiphysis
B)Diaphysis
C)Trabecular
D)Epiphyseal plate

Question 80

Which cardiovascular structure marks the boundary between the left and right ventricles?

A)Interventricular sulcus
B)Coronary sulcus
C)Apex
D)Auricle