Deck 15: Do We Need to Be Afraid War and Terrorism

Question 1

One definition is that war is an organized and armed conflict between nations or political factions. Sociologists add this to the definition:

A) Media wars and propaganda.
B) Civil wars, covert operations, and some acts of terrorism.
C) Culture wars and gender wars.
D) Political party wars.

Answer 1

B

Question 2

What is the Cold War?

A) Conflict between Germany and US/European allies until fall of Berlin Wall, 1950-1989.
B) Race between the U.S. and Russia and its allies after WWII for arms/nuclear superiority, 1947-1991.
C) Embargo between Cuba and U.S. over Cuban authoritarian regime, 1960-present.
D) Israel/Palestine conflict, 1948-present.

Answer 2

B

Question 3

The Cold War never involved much in the way of military combat. What drove the extraordinary costs?

A) Nuclear attack and defense preparations.
B) International military base installation and transportation.
C) Personnel.
D) Diplomacy, correspondence, and messaging.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

During WWI and WWII, what was the combined total loss of solider and civilian lives?

A) 61 million
B) 40 million
C) 28 million
D) 17 million

Question 5

As of 2020, _____ US veterans are receiving some form of compensation due to disabilities sustained while serving in the military.

A) about 500,000
B) nearly 2 million
C) more than 6 million
D) an unknown number of

Question 6

What is PTSD?

A) Processing Teaching Stress Disorder, a learning difference/disability.
B) Partial Training or Service Disorder, which constitutes mental disorders experienced after military training or service.
C) Post-Traumatic Severe Discharge, dismissal from the military after the experience of a traumatic event.
D) Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder, which causes extreme stress reactions after experiencing a traumatic event.

Question 7

What percentage of U.S. Vietnam War veterans have experienced PTSD in their lifetime? How many are currently diagnosed?

A) 40% ; 20%
B) 30% ; 15%
C) 20% ; 10%
D) 10% ; 5%

Question 8

What is the definition of military sexual trauma?

A) The experiences of sexual assault of a member during military service.
B) The experiences of sexual assault or repeated sexual harassment of a member or veteran during or after active duty military service.
C) The experiences of sexual assault or repeated sexual harassment of a member during military service.
D) The act of sexual violence committed by an active duty military member against another member or a civilian.

Question 9

A growing area of concern about military personnel deployment is

A) negative impact on children's mental health and academics.
B) adjusting to women serving in combat roles.
C) convincing employers to hire veterans after deployment.
D) logistical challenges brought on by Covid-19.

Question 10

If a service member comes home _____, there is a good likelihood that the family can return to its pre-deployment levels of stability.

A) for at least 6 weeks a year
B) within 6 months of deployment
C) uninjured
D) with a new job waiting

Question 11

Today about 1 in every _____ people in the world is displaced due to persecution, violence, or conflict, compared with 1 in _____ just ten years ago.

A) 80 ; 124
B) 110 ; 157
C) 210 ; 339
D) 477 ; 600

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT one of the 5 largest origins of world refugees?

A) Syria
B) Ethiopia
C) Iraq
D) Democratic Republic of Congo

Question 13

As of 2017, which South American country had the second largest displaced population behind Syria which has the highest?

A) Brazil
B) Venezuela
C) Argentina
D) Columbia

Question 14

What is a key debate regarding advanced technology and warfare?

A) Some want to lean in and invest in new technology while others contend its benefits are not convincing enough to support the overwhelming costs.
B) Some argue it escalates the likelihood of conflict as more countries can acquire sophisticated weapons. Others say it could reduce war costs and harm, given the greater precision of the weapons.
C) Some argue that traditional methods of combat are more efficient, more effective, and ultimately more successful than new techniques and weapons.
D) All of the above are key current debates.

Question 15

Drones are otherwise known as

A) Unmanned Arial vehicles (UAVs).
B) IEDs.
C) land mines.
D) barrel/unguided bombs.

Question 16

Which factors are contested about the definition of terrorism?

A) Must it be politically or ideologically motivated
B) Must it include violence or the threat of violence
C) Must people die as a result of the action; Can the attack be carried out against civilians
D) Can actors be independent; does it include those who incite action but might not act themselves

Question 17

The total cost of the war on terror is estimated to be

A) $472 billion.
B) nearly $2 trillion.
C) $6.4 trillion.
D) $11.1 trillion.

Question 18

As part of the fight against global terrorism, the U.S. is conducting these in 76 countries across the world.

A) Diplomatic missions
B) Counter-terror operations
C) Trade and defense negotiations
D) Peacekeeping operations

Question 19

This is the type of terrorism perpetrated by a government against its own citizens in an effort to preserve the existing political structure.

A) Political
B) Revolutionary
C) Repressive
D) State-sponsored

Question 20

This type of terrorism involves the use of violence against civilians by enemies of a particular government.

A) Political
B) Revolutionary
C) Repressive
D) State-sponsored

Question 21

One example of this type of terrorism is occurring in China, where over 1 million Muslim minorities in the Xinjian Uighur Autonomous Region have been detained in internment camps.

A) Political
B) Revolutionary
C) Repressive
D) State-sponsored

Question 22

This type of terrorism occurs when a government provides support, in the form of funding, training, weapons, and equipment, to terrorist groups so they can engage in terrorist activity in other countries.

A) Political
B) Revolutionary
C) Repressive
D) State-sponsored

Question 23

The attacks on the U.S. Capitol would fall into this category of terrorism.

A) Political
B) Revolutionary
C) Repressive
D) State-sponsored

Question 24

This type of terrorism in the form of cyberattacks has been carried out by foreign hackers against the U.S. in recent years.

A) Political
B) Revolutionary
C) Repressive
D) State-sponsored

Question 25

Regarding cyberattacks, research sources state that _____ new malware samples are produced every day.

A) 4,000
B) 110,000
C) 230,000
D) 505,000

Question 26

These are slow moving cyberattacks that remain embedded in systems undetected for long periods of time, with access to sensitive information and power to falsify data or spread fake news.

A) Advanced Persistent Threats (APTs)
B) Ransomware
C) Malware
D) Adware

Question 27

While the challenges of cyberattacks are serious for corporations, an even more serious threat is when a country or nation-state attempts to hack another country's military, financial, or utilities and transportation networks. This is an example of

A) APT.
B) cyberterrorism.
C) repressive terrorism.
D) global hacking.

Question 28

Rank the following risks for Americans from the least likely event to the more likely event of the 3:

A) Death by homicide, death in terrorism event, death in car crash
B) Death by homicide, death in car crash, death in terrorism event
C) Death in car crash, death by homicide, death in terrorism event
D) Death in terrorism event, death by homicide, death in car crash

Question 29

Empirically, there is little reason to fear terrorism. Since 9/11, the average number of Americans killed by Islamist terrorists is _____

A) 43 per year.
B) 15 per year.
C) 6 per year.
D) 2 per year.

Question 30

What information is provided by the Global Terrorism 2020 Index created by The Institute for Economics and Peace?

A) Data on the costs connected with fighting terrorism and counter-terrorism efforts.
B) Insight into the countries most affected by terrorism and most likely to sustain a future attack.
C) Relative impact of plots and attacks within the U.S. compared to threats coming from outside the U.S.
D) The specific threat to the U.S. of global terrorism.

Question 31

Ranking countries most affected by terrorism reveals that the U.S.

A) Is in the top 3.
B) Is in the top 5.
C) Is in the top 10.
D) Is nowhere near the top 10.

Question 32

As it relates to war, functionalists would point out that war can have a physical benefit to a society such as

A) influence on the fertility rate.
B) sale and distribution of military equipment and supplies.
C) stimulated economy.
D) border protection or expansion.

Question 33

As it relates to war, functionalists would point out that war can have economic benefits. One example of this noted in the chapter is

A) World War II was largely responsible for the end of the Great Depression in the U.S. as war effort raised employment rates.
B) Ukraine has maintained independence from Russia despite persistent conflict.
C) 15% of US federal spending went to the defense budget.
D) during the Cold War, the US government spent nearly $11 trillion in military spending and arms acquisition.

Question 34

US war involvements are almost always over

A) border disputes.
B) defending democracy.
C) religious ideology.
D) counterterrorism.

Question 35

The fact that US women's contributions to the workforce during WWII fueled the women's movement is an example of what type of benefits that functionalists observe can be brought on by war involvement (aside from winning the war)?

A) Economic
B) Physical
C) Social
D) Political

Question 36

As it relates to war, Marxists might argue that the elite in a society

A) look to incite war involvement in order to gain profit and power.
B) rely on the working class or proletariat to support the war effort and thus more evenly distribute resources after wars end.
C) relinquish control and power in times when war puts a nation at great risk.
D) attempt to gain more ownership and control of private property as the primary motive for war involvement.

Question 37

Which two macro-sociological theories might come together to examine the dynamic that the threat of economic loss may be the main reason for the decreased level of conflict around the world?

A) Functionalists and Symbolic interactionists
B) Conflict theorists and Critical race theorists
C) Functionalists and Conflict theorists
D) Symbolic interactionists and Critical race theorists

Question 38

Marx and other traditional conflict theorists might argue that all wars have _____

A) an ideological basis.
B) an economic basis.
C) a political basis.
D) a social change basis.

Question 39

Symbolic interactionists study dynamics of war such as

A) geopolitical conflicts.
B) federal budget and defense spending.
C) the training and socialization of soldiers.
D) border disputes.

Question 40

The resocialization process used in the military attempts to dehumanize the target or "enemy" so that killing becomes righteous. Where else does this process occur?

A) In terrorist groups
B) In the capitalist workplace
C) In under-developed nations
D) In patriarchal families

Question 41

As it pertains to the US veteran experience, symbolic interactionists examine

A) the physical impacts of war-related injuries and neurological changes.
B) job opportunities for veterans in the civilian workforce.
C) whether or not they become insurgents and how they navigate these transitions.
D) the level of government funding for the Veterans Administration.

Question 42

Which theory would study domestic terrorist groups-either far-right or far-left wing-and examine how these groups recruit new members?

A) Functionalists
B) Conflict theorists
C) Symbolic interactionists
D) Critical race theorists

Question 43

What is noted in the chapter to explain the decrease in terrorist attacks in recent years?

A) More social cohesion worldwide.
B) Improved intelligence gathering and law enforcement counter efforts.
C) Reduced political extremism.
D) International collaboration via the United Nations.

Question 44

The United Nations is intended to

A) provide a neutral third party to intervene in border disputes and other conflicts between nations.
B) fund international counterterrorist efforts.
C) establish and enforce international laws and economic regulations.
D) protect and promote democracy.

Question 45

Which of the following is NOT an example of notable UN successes?

A) Greek civil war
B) Yemen civil war
C) Bosnia conflict
D) Korean war

Question 46

Terrorism recruitment in this state inspired the Building Community resilience program funded by the Obama administration.

A) New York
B) Florida
C) Minnesota
D) Illinois

Question 47

Which of the following is NOT a part of the Diminishing Opportunities for Violent Extremism (DOVE) program?

A) Involving Somali-American youth in constructive community-related activities.
B) Engendering trust in the US federal government and law enforcement.
C) Interventions led by groups of Somali leaders and educators
D) Deporting Somali refugees and/or youth suspected of vulnerability to terrorism recruitment.

Question 48

What research is lacking about counterterrorism efforts?

A) Data that show which counterterrorism efforts work and which ones do not.
B) Why terrorism has gone down in some places in the world and not others.
C) Whether or not counterterrorism efforts actually reduce crime.
D) Because counterterrorism is so sensitive, there are virtually no data available.

Question 49

The Center for Strategic and International Studies (2020) found that many domestic terrorist groups

A) are sourced from within federal and state governments directly.
B) use social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, Reddit, and Twitter to spread propaganda and promote racist violence.
C) recruit new members among new immigrants and at religious places of worship.
D) are incredibly large, sophisticated, and well-organized.