Deck 10: Tissue Response to Injury

Question 1

Please check all factors that impede healing.

A) Air temperature
B) Keloids
C) Nutrition
D) Sport that the individual participates in
E) Edema
F) Stitches
G) Hypertrophy
H) Muscle spasm
I) Infection
J) Dehydration

Answer 1

Keloids
Nutrition
Edema
Muscle spasm
Infection

Question 2

Select the correct roles nutrients have in the human body.

A) Nutrients store water for the body.
B) Nutrients assist in the regulation of body processes.
C) Nutrients are important in the role of tissue repair.
D) Nutrients trigger cell growth.
E) Nutrients are an efficient source of energy for the body.

Answer 2

Nutrients assist in the regulation of body processes.
Nutrients are important in the role of tissue repair.
Nutrients are an efficient source of energy for the body.

Question 3

Select ONLY the correct elements that make up the extracellular matrix.

A) Glycosaminoglycans
B) Capillaries
C) Ground substance
D) Lymphocytes
E) Macrophages
F) Collagen

Answer 3

Glycosaminoglycans
Ground substance
Collagen

Question 4

Which of the following time periods accurately portrays the typical duration of the fibroblastic repair phase?

A) From time of injury to 4 days
B) From 4 days to 3 weeks
C) From 4 days to 6 weeks
D) From 4 weeks to 2 years
E) From 6 weeks to 2 years

Question 5

The terms rubor, dolar, and calor are often associated with which of the following?

A) Maturation-Remodeling phase of healing
B) Inflammatory Response phase of healing
C) Fibroblastic Repair phase of healing
D) Formation of a clot
E) Cartilage healing

Question 6

Which of the following is classified as a chemical mediator that is released from the mast cell and causese vasodilation and increased cell permeability?

A) Cytokines
B) Leukotrienes
C) Prothrombin
D) Histamine
E) Fibrinogen

Question 7

Which of the following statements regarding collagen in the body is true?

A) Type III collagen is found in the humerus
B) Type II collagen is found at the end of the femur
C) Type I collagen is found in the intervertebral discs
D) Type II collagen is found in the sciatic nerve
E) Type III collagen is found in the Achilles tendon

Question 8

Which of the statements regarding soft tissue is correct?

A) Epithelial tissue consists of muscle and fat
B) Connective tissue consists of skin
C) Muscle consists of smooth, cardiac, or skeletal
D) Nervous tissue consists only in the brain
E) Certain bones can be classified as soft tissue

Question 9

You are working with an individual who has had an anterior cruciate ligament surgical reconstruction. Which of the following statements is true regarding ligament healing?

A) Immobilized ligaments are weaker than those that are exercised
B) Tensile strength of ligaments is increased in individuals that are immobilized
C) The insertion of the ligament to the bone is stronger in individuals that are immobilized
D) Surgically repaired ligaments are weaker than unrepaired ligaments
E) With an intraarticular ligament tear the synovial fluid assists in forming a fibrin clot

Question 10

What is an inappropriate method to modify soft-tissue healing?

A) NSAIDs
B) Therapeutic massage
C) Cold and heat application
D) Regular participation with physical activities
E) Therapeutic rehabilitation exercises

Question 11

How could soft tissue interfere with the healing process of an acute fracture?

A) It can increase the risk of infection.
B) It can position itself between the severed ends of the bone and prevent proper union.
C) It can hasten an adequate blood supply to the fracture area.
D) It can permit motion between the bone parts.
E) It can cause bone degeneration.

Question 12

Which of the following types of pain is incorrectly labeled as a type of referred pain?

A) Chronic pain
B) Trigger point pain
C) Myofascial pain
D) Sclerotomic pain
E) Dermatomic pain

Question 13

From the following, which is an incorrect statement about nociceptors and neural transmission?

A) First-order neurons are A?, A?, A?, and C fibers.
B) A? and A? are large-diameter afferents.
C) A? and C fibers are small-diameter afferents.
D) A? and C fibers transmit pain and temperature.
E) Second-order efferent fibers carry sensory messages from the dorsal horn to the brain.

Question 14

What are the following: norepinephrine, substance P, serotonin, enkephalin, ?-endorphin?

A) Neurons
B) Nociceptors
C) Neurotransmitters
D) Inhibitors
E) Receptors

Question 15

When applying the gate control theory of pain control, which afferent fibers are trying to override, or inhibit, the "pain information"?

A) A? fibers
B) A? fibers
C) A? fibers
D) C fibers
E) Serotonin

Question 16

When applying the central biasing model of pain control, what statement can be correctly referenced?

A) A? and C fibers are trying to override the second-order level neurons to block pain.
B) A? and A? fibers become efferent fibers and to assist with inhibiting the pain information to reach the dorsal horn of the spinal cord.
C) Noxious stimulation of nociceptors stimulate the release of opiate-like chemicals to block the pain.
D) Previous experiences influence the perception of pain along efferent descending pathways causing neurotransmitters to be released to block pain.
E) Second-order afferent fibers block off the pathways of the A? and A? fibers before reaching the second-order afferent neurons.

Question 17

When applying the ?-endorphin model of pain control, at what level of the central nervous system are ?-endorphins released?

A) First-order neurons
B) Second-order neurons
C) Dorsal horn of spinal cord
D) Substantia gelatinosa
E) Hypothalamus

Question 18

What pain scale would be the most appropriate to use in a high school athletic training room?

A) McGill Pain Questionnaire
B) Activity Pain Indicators Profile
C) Numeric Rating Scale
D) Pain Charts
E) Visual Analogue Scale

Question 19

Based on the figure, what is occurring during this process of the inflammatory response phase?

A) Epithelium is regenerating.
B) Granulation of tissue is forming.
C) Blood is leaking into deeper tissues.
D) Leukocytes are cleaning the wound.
E) Clot formation is finalizing.