Question 1

Moving and planting activities, in which the patient is required to move, change position, and then hold the position (freeze) are most appropriate for a patient returning to which activity/function?&#10;A)An usher at a sporting event who has to stand for long periods&#10;B)A traveler who needs to use escalators routinely both with luggage and without&#10;C)A receptionist who frequently transitions from sit to stand and escorts individuals to their meetings&#10;D)A tour guide who walks for long distances on cobblestones or other uneven surfaces

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Another term for the concept of plyometric training is reactive neuromuscular training.At the cellular and neuromuscular receptor level, which of the following describes the mechanism of plyometrics?&#10;A)The eccentric contraction stimulates and activates the monosynaptic stretch reflex in the muscle and so prepares the muscle for a concentric contraction.&#10;B)The concentric contraction (stretch shortening drill) builds power that is released in the eccentric (lengthening drill) that follows.&#10;C)A slow eccentric (lengthening) contraction stretches the muscle spindle, transmitting a more powerful concentric (shortening) contraction.&#10;D)Quick eccentric loads expend energy that is then transmitted to the muscle spindle, resulting in muscular hypertrophy and increased power.

Accepted Answer

Plyometrics involve a rapid stretching of the muscle (eccentric contraction), which activates the monosynaptic stretch reflex in the muscle. This prepares the muscle for a more powerful concentric contraction, allowing for a greater force to be generated. This reflexive response is one of the key mechanisms behind the effectiveness of plyometric training.

Question 3

Exercise programs developed specifically to increase strength will require a progression that focuses on:&#10;A)Increasing the number of repetitions.&#10;B)Increasing the resistance.&#10;C)Increasing the speed of performance.&#10;D)Increasing the duration of the exercise.

Accepted Answer

Increasing the resistance is the most effective way to increase strength. This can be done by gradually adding more weight or resistance to exercises over time. Increasing the number of repetitions or duration of the exercise may help with muscular endurance but not necessarily strength. Increasing speed may improve power or explosive strength, but not necessarily overall strength.

Question 4

As you develop progressions of exercise programs for varied patients, which of the following describes the appropriate use of plyometric drills?&#10;A)Pediatric programs should include plyometric drills because they are fun to perform and will engage the patient in functional activities.&#10;B)Patients with unstable joints should perform plyometric drills early in the course of therapy to challenge firing of antagonistic muscle groups.&#10;C)Every patient on a strengthening program should progress to plyometric drills during the return-to-function phase of rehabilitation.&#10;D)Patients in advanced phases of rehabilitation should be trained to return to high-demand functional activities and sports

Accepted Answer

Plyometric drills involve explosive, high-impact movements that typically mimic sport-specific activities. As such, they are most appropriate for patients who are returning to high-demand functional activities and sports. Patients who have unstable joints or are in the early stages of therapy may not be ready for this type of exercise, as they can be high-risk for injury. Plyometric drills should only be included in a patient's exercise program if they are appropriate for their specific goals and abilities.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the &#34;amortization phase&#34; of plyometric exercises?&#10;A)The contracting muscle reverses action from deceleration to acceleration of the load.&#10;B)The contracting muscle reverses action from acceleration to deceleration of the load.&#10;C)The time frame of this phase is increased as the plyometric activity is progressed.&#10;D)The stretch reflex is activated during this phase.

Accepted Answer

During the amortization phase of plyometric exercises, the muscle transitions from deceleration to acceleration, preparing to propel the body or load in the opposite direction.

Question 6

An exercise program that is designed to train the neuromuscular system to react quickly for activities, sports, or occupations that require quick starts and stops consists of exercises in which of the following categories?

A)Open-chain kinetic
B)Isokinetic
C)Plyometric
D)Stretch-lengthening drills

Accepted Answer

Plyometric exercises involve quick, explosive movements that train the neuromuscular system for activities that require quick starts and stops. These exercises typically involve jumping, hopping, and bounding movements that improve power and agility. Open-chain kinetic exercises involve movements where the end of the limb is free, such as leg curls or bicep curls, and are not specifically designed to improve quick reaction times. Isokinetic exercises involve movements at a constant speed, and stretch-lengthening drills are designed to improve flexibility rather than neuromuscular reaction time.

Question 7

Your patient is in the return-to-function phase of rehabilitation after recovering from a sprained ankle.She wants to be able to resume her hobby of extensive gardening and yard work.Which of the following combinations of progressions for balance describes less to more difficult activities?

A)Stationary to moving surface, wide-base to narrow-base stance, high-magnitude to low-magnitude perturbations
B)Bilateral to unilateral stance, firm surface to soft surface, slow- to high-speed repetitions
C)Narrow-base to wide-base stance, bilateral to unilateral activities, small- to large-range motions
D)Single leg to tandem stance, open environment to closed environment, unresisted to resisted movements

Accepted Answer

Progression from bilateral to unilateral stance and from firm surface to soft surface represents a progression from less to more difficult activities for balance. Additionally, progressing from slow to high-speed repetitions adds further challenge. The other progressions do not necessarily represent a clear progression from less to more difficult activities for balance.

Question 8

Contraindications to the use of plyometrics include all of the following except:&#10;A)Individuals under 10 years or over 70 years.&#10;B)Painful joints.&#10;C)Acute inflammation.&#10;D)Unstable joints.

Accepted Answer

The use of plyometrics may be contraindicated for individuals with painful, inflamed, or unstable joints. However, there is no specific age limit for the use of plyometrics, so option A is incorrect.

Question 9

You have been treating a 25-year-old soccer player, who has been recovering from hip bursitis.She is pain free and performing routine activities of daily living, walking and running without symptoms.She is now progressing to a phase of advanced functional training to prepare her for the quick turns, starts and stops, and dynamic single leg stances when kicking the soccer ball.Which of the following activities would be appropriate to include in her program to specifically achieve these functional tasks?

A)Open-chain knee extension on a resistance machine after establishing her 1 Rep Max
B)Single leg stance on a stable surface, increasing the duration to 90 seconds
C)Zigzag forward hopping
D)Pushing and pulling heavy objects

Accepted Answer

Zigzag forward hopping is appropriate as it mimics the quick turns, starts, and stops required in soccer, enhancing agility and dynamic balance.

Question 10

All of the following are examples of plyometric activities for the upper extremities except:&#10;A)Overhead catching and throwing a weighted ball to a rebounder.&#10;B)Performing diagonal patterns with a barbell weight.&#10;C)Dribbling a basketball.&#10;D)Swinging a weighted golf club.

Accepted Answer

Plyometric activities involve explosive movements where muscles exert maximum force in short intervals of time, with the goal of increasing power (speed-strength). This includes activities like throwing, catching, and dribbling, where there's a rapid stretch followed by a contraction of the muscles. Performing diagonal patterns with a barbell weight, however, is more of a strength training exercise focused on controlled movements rather than the explosive, quick actions characteristic of plyometrics.

Question 11

Your patient is nearing the end of his rehabilitation for return to sport and is performing more of his program independently at home.As you are providing education regarding precautions and recognizing signs and symptoms, you discuss how much recovery time he should allow between sessions of high-intensity plyometric drills.Based on research, how much time do you suggest?

A)15-30 minutes
B)24 hours
C)48-72 hours
D)8-12 hours

Accepted Answer

The answer of Your patient is nearing the end of...

Question 12

When designing an exercise program to return a patient to his/her prior functional level, each of the following guidelines is true except:&#10;A)Proximal stability is a requirement for controlled distal mobility.&#10;B)Coordinated segmental and global stability of the spine is needed for execution of functional tasks with safe body mechanics.&#10;C)Stability of each joint is necessary for effective function of the extremities.&#10;D)Exercises for strength and power should precede balance and stability exercises.

Accepted Answer

The answer of When designing an exercise program to return...

Question 13

Each of the following describes the concept and/or mechanism of plyometrics except:&#10;A)High-velocity eccentric to concentric muscle loading.&#10;B)Stretch-strengthening drills.&#10;C)Stretch-lengthening drills.&#10;D)Reactive neuromuscular training.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Each of the following describes the concept...

Question 14

Plyometric drills are prescribed to improve which dimension of muscle performance?&#10;A)Balance&#10;B)Flexibility&#10;C)Power&#10;D)Endurance

Accepted Answer

The answer of Plyometric drills are prescribed to improve which...

Question 15

For an individual to be able to execute functional activities, it is necessary to have the ability to maintain the position of the body in equilibrium within the environment.This state of equilibrium is called:

A)Power.
B)Endurance.
C)Postural stability.
D)Strength.

Accepted Answer

The answer of For an individual to be able to...

Deck 23: Advanced Functional Training