Question 1

Moving and planting activities, in which the patient is required to move, change position, and then hold the position (freeze) are most appropriate for a patient returning to which activity/function?

Accepted Answer

B

Question 2

Another term for the concept of plyometric training is reactive neuromuscular training.At the cellular and neuromuscular receptor level, which of the following describes the mechanism of plyometrics?

Accepted Answer

Plyometrics involve a rapid stretching of the muscle (eccentric contraction), which activates the monosynaptic stretch reflex in the muscle. This prepares the muscle for a more powerful concentric contraction, allowing for a greater force to be generated. This reflexive response is one of the key mechanisms behind the effectiveness of plyometric training.

Question 3

Exercise programs developed specifically to increase strength will require a progression that focuses on:

Accepted Answer

Increasing the resistance is the most effective way to increase strength. This can be done by gradually adding more weight or resistance to exercises over time. Increasing the number of repetitions or duration of the exercise may help with muscular endurance but not necessarily strength. Increasing speed may improve power or explosive strength, but not necessarily overall strength.

Question 4

As you develop progressions of exercise programs for varied patients, which of the following describes the appropriate use of plyometric drills?

Accepted Answer

Plyometric drills involve explosive, high-impact movements that typically mimic sport-specific activities. As such, they are most appropriate for patients who are returning to high-demand functional activities and sports. Patients who have unstable joints or are in the early stages of therapy may not be ready for this type of exercise, as they can be high-risk for injury. Plyometric drills should only be included in a patient's exercise program if they are appropriate for their specific goals and abilities.

Question 5

Which of the following is true of the "amortization phase" of plyometric exercises?

Accepted Answer

During the amortization phase of plyometric exercises, the muscle transitions from deceleration to acceleration, preparing to propel the body or load in the opposite direction.

Question 6

An exercise program that is designed to train the neuromuscular system to react quickly for activities, sports, or occupations that require quick starts and stops consists of exercises in which of the following categories?

Accepted Answer

Plyometric exercises involve quick, explosive movements that train the neuromuscular system for activities that require quick starts and stops. These exercises typically involve jumping, hopping, and bounding movements that improve power and agility. Open-chain kinetic exercises involve movements where the end of the limb is free, such as leg curls or bicep curls, and are not specifically designed to improve quick reaction times. Isokinetic exercises involve movements at a constant speed, and stretch-lengthening drills are designed to improve flexibility rather than neuromuscular reaction time.

Question 7

Your patient is in the return-to-function phase of rehabilitation after recovering from a sprained ankle.She wants to be able to resume her hobby of extensive gardening and yard work.Which of the following combinations of progressions for balance describes less to more difficult activities?

Accepted Answer

Progression from bilateral to unilateral stance and from firm surface to soft surface represents a progression from less to more difficult activities for balance. Additionally, progressing from slow to high-speed repetitions adds further challenge. The other progressions do not necessarily represent a clear progression from less to more difficult activities for balance.

Question 8

Contraindications to the use of plyometrics include all of the following except:

Accepted Answer

The use of plyometrics may be contraindicated for individuals with painful, inflamed, or unstable joints. However, there is no specific age limit for the use of plyometrics, so option A is incorrect.

Question 9

You have been treating a 25-year-old soccer player, who has been recovering from hip bursitis.She is pain free and performing routine activities of daily living, walking and running without symptoms.She is now progressing to a phase of advanced functional training to prepare her for the quick turns, starts and stops, and dynamic single leg stances when kicking the soccer ball.Which of the following activities would be appropriate to include in her program to specifically achieve these functional tasks?

Accepted Answer

Zigzag forward hopping is appropriate as it mimics the quick turns, starts, and stops required in soccer, enhancing agility and dynamic balance.

Question 10

All of the following are examples of plyometric activities for the upper extremities except:

Accepted Answer

Plyometric activities involve explosive movements where muscles exert maximum force in short intervals of time, with the goal of increasing power (speed-strength). This includes activities like throwing, catching, and dribbling, where there's a rapid stretch followed by a contraction of the muscles. Performing diagonal patterns with a barbell weight, however, is more of a strength training exercise focused on controlled movements rather than the explosive, quick actions characteristic of plyometrics.

Question 11

Your patient is nearing the end of his rehabilitation for return to sport and is performing more of his program independently at home.As you are providing education regarding precautions and recognizing signs and symptoms, you discuss how much recovery time he should allow between sessions of high-intensity plyometric drills.Based on research, how much time do you suggest?

Accepted Answer

According to research, it is recommended to allow 48-72 hours between sessions of high-intensity plyometric drills to allow for proper recovery and prevent injury. This allows the body to repair and restore any micro-damage to the muscles and connective tissues that may occur during these high-intensity exercises.

Question 12

When designing an exercise program to return a patient to his/her prior functional level, each of the following guidelines is true except:

Accepted Answer

The statement "Exercises for strength and power should precede balance and stability exercises" is not true. In fact, balance and stability exercises are often included early on in a rehabilitation program, especially if the patient has deficits in those areas. It is important to establish a foundation of stability before progressing to exercises that require more strength and power.

Question 13

Each of the following describes the concept and/or mechanism of plyometrics except:

Accepted Answer

The other choices accurately describe the concept and/or mechanism of plyometrics. However, stretch-lengthening drills are not a commonly used term in regards to plyometrics.

Question 14

Plyometric drills are prescribed to improve which dimension of muscle performance?

Accepted Answer

Plyometric drills are specifically designed to improve power. They involve quick, explosive movements that require the muscles to generate as much force as possible in a short amount of time. This type of training is commonly used by athletes who need to improve their ability to generate force quickly, such as basketball players, volleyball players, and sprinters.

Question 15

For an individual to be able to execute functional activities, it is necessary to have the ability to maintain the position of the body in equilibrium within the environment.This state of equilibrium is called:

Accepted Answer

Postural stability refers to the ability to maintain balance and stability while performing functional movements. It involves the coordination of multiple sensory inputs and muscular responses to maintain a stable body position within an ever-changing environment. Power, endurance, and strength are important for physical activity but do not specifically refer to postural stability.

Quiz 23: Advanced Functional Training