Deck 3: Evaluating Cultural and Social Environments

Question 1

The corporate culture of IBM,the Little Italy neighborhood of New York,and the orthodox Jewish community in Atlanta are all examples of:

A) shared personalities
B) stereotypes
C) subcultures
D) national characters

Answer 1

C
Explanation: The groups noted in the question exhibit shared characteristics that are different and unique within the predominant national culture. Personalities are different and unique between individuals.

Question 2

Cultural diversity is a phenomenon that only exists between nations.

Answer 2

False
Explanation: Cultural diversity can exist between nations, organizations, subcultures, and many other areas in which culture is a consideration.

Question 3

Recent studies that replicate Geert Hofstede's original research on the 5 dimensions of culture have confirmed that _______________________________.

A) Hofstede's original assumptions are valid
B) many countries first studied by Hofstede have experienced changes in rankings within the 5 dimensions
C) IBM subsidiaries were not a reliable foundation for studying global cultures
D) cultural similarities are not pertinent to the behavior of individuals or organizations in business

Answer 3

A

Question 4

National character is a helpful tool in explaining aggregate consumer behavior.

Question 5

When marketers for the Lady Gaga's Monster Ball worldwide tour invite audiences in each country to dress as their pop icon,they are appealing to ____________.

A) a digital subculture
B) a national character
C) a national culture
D) a global subculture

Question 6

D'Argens,Montesquieu and Rousseau were among the philosophers that debated ___________________________.

A) the nature of a country's national character
B) the framework for defining global cultures
C) the tangible aspects of culture
D) the role of subcultures

Question 7

In the Hofstede model,power distance is defined as the ________________________________________________________.

A) level of assertiveness exhibited by a culture
B) extent to which inequalities in interpersonal relationships are evident and accepted
C) ratio of power to distance in cultural communications
D) tendency to avoid risk

Question 8

National characteristics generally reflect actual personality traits.

Question 9

Ignoring cultural differences between countries has been cited as one of the causes of many business failures.

Question 10

National character is a helpful tool in explaining individual consumer behavior.

Question 11

The concept that people from a given nation share common behavioral patterns that are distinct from other nations references _______________________.

A) national behavior
B) national character
C) surface culture
D) cultural framework

Question 12

Yasmine is experiencing difficulties with her new boss,who hails from Brazil and has just moved to the corporate headquarters in Toronto.Not only does he consistently show up for meetings 30 minutes late,but in conversing with her,he insists on standing quite close to her.She feels disrespected.The relationship challenges faced by these two stem from ____________________________.

A) surface culture
B) deep culture
C) tangible culture
D) similar cultural perspectives

Question 13

Cultural diversity can exist between regions,nations,states,and cities.

Question 14

In the Hofstede model,Mexico is an example of a country exhibiting ____________________________.

A) a feminine orientation
B) a masculine, collectivist culture
C) a feminine, individualist orientation
D) a masculine, dependent orientation

Question 15

Individuals who exhibit uncertainty avoidance are likely to ______________________________________.

A) exhibit great deference to their superiors
B) be risk averse
C) be aggressive in establishing business objectives
D) work without a plan

Question 16

In societies that exhibit a masculine orientation,which feature is predominant?

A) risk aversion
B) concern for others
C) concern for quality of life
D) assertiveness

Question 17

Subcultures often transcend national borders and cultural values.

Question 18

While cultural differences often include language,dress,and traditions,they are rarely associated with ethics or societal organization.

Question 19

The major challenges faced by the Vitro-Corning alliance were related to ______________________.

A) cross cultural issues
B) NAFTA trade restrictions
C) lack of experience with global joint ventures
D) differences in customer orientation

Question 20

A collective programming of the mind that distinguishes the members of one group or people from another defines _____________________.

A) ethnicity
B) ethnocentrism
C) national value systems
D) culture

Question 21

Japanese professional women represent a rapidly growing consumer segment.

Question 22

Two countries which exhibit similar tendencies across all of Hofstede's dimensions are ______________ and __________________.

A) the U.S., the UK.
B) China, Mexico
C) Israel, Australia
D) Jordan, Poland

Question 23

Jennifer Hughes is the President of Global Gesellschaft.Her Vice President of Manufacturing is Amanda Rekonwith,and her Director of Employee Benefits is Robert Perry. Global clearly thrives under the GLOBE attribute of __________________.

A) in-group collectivism
B) power distance
C) societal collectivism
D) gender egalitarianism

Question 24

Johanna Gottlieb works for a non-profit agency that supplies microloans to worthy entrepreneurs in developing nations.She is sent to Liberia to meet with members of the local textile cooperative.Johanna is anxious to complete her mission and assist the Liberians in growing their business,so is taken aback when her Liberian counterparts spend the first 2 hours of the meeting discussing their family backgrounds and mutual friends.Johanna had not planned on the _____________ nature of Liberian business.

A) masculine
B) collectivist
C) high-context
D) low-context

Question 25

One advantage of the Schwartz Value Survey is that it can measure individual value differences.

Question 26

The GLOBE model suggests that ____________________________________________.

A) selected aspects of cultural practices will account for the economic competitiveness of nations
B) the economic competitiveness of nations cannot be accounted for by cultural practices
C) American leadership and organization represents the optimum platform for successful businesses
D) attributes defining a culture cannot predict leadership styles or organizational practices

Question 27

Individualism is more pronounced in _____________________________.

A) developed and Western nations
B) developing countries
C) Asian nations
D) Latin American countries

Question 28

The model which employs a set of cultural values and practices to measure national culture related to organizational effectiveness is known as the _________________ model.

A) Geert
B) Schwartz
C) Globe
D) SWOT

Question 29

The Chinese market is very similar to the European Union in terms of regional differences in culture.

Question 30

Lionel has encountered a roadblock in his efforts to implement his Quarterly Sales Contest,so successful in Chicago,in his new Shanghai sales office.No matter how attractive the bonus associated with accelerating 2^nd Quarter sales,his Chinese colleagues are more concerned about the consequences of a short-term promotion on next year's total performance.Lionel does not realize it,but his conflict is related to the GLOBE dimension of ________________________.

A) assertiveness
B) future orientation
C) in-group collectivism
D) humane orientation

Question 31

A 'yes' voiced by a Canadian executive during a negotiation means that she accepts the terms offered.A 'yes' voiced by a Chinese executive implies that the terms will be duly considered,or alternately,will be declined at a later date when face for his colleagues can be saved.This difference in verbal meaning derives from the unspoken impact of _____________________________.

A) context
B) power distance
C) body language
D) time orientation

Question 32

The dimensions of openness to change,self-transcendence,conservation and self-enhancement comprise the structure of the __________________________.

A) Geert Hofstede Cultural Dimensions Survey
B) Schwartz Value Survey
C) PESTEL model
D) cultural framework

Question 33

Benevolence,conformity,self-direction and universalism are the four dimensions of ___________________________.

A) Schwartz's Human Values Scale
B) Hofstede's Five Dimensions
C) Schwartz's Measurement Equivalence Scale
D) The Global Culture Index

Question 34

When an Asian businessperson discusses the importance of saving face,she is referring to __________________________.

A) maintaining a sense of self respect and status
B) updating her Facebook page
C) investing in bonds with a high face value
D) preserving her complexion

Question 35

Chuppies are far less likely than others in their age class to save a large share of their income.

Question 36

Hofstede has identified 5 dimensions of culture which consist of __________________________________________________.

A) power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity and universality
B) power distance, specificity, individualism, masculinity and universality
C) power distance, specificity, collectivism, masculinity and femininity
D) power distance, uncertainty avoidance, individualism, masculinity and time-orientation

Question 37

Several researchers have applied the Schwartz Value Survey to assist in ____________________________________.

A) developing market segmentation and advertising strategy
B) changing a country's cultural preferences
C) explaining the differences between masculine and feminine behavior
D) examining the collective cultures of various countries

Question 38

American children are taught to express their wants and needs clearly and learn to value independence.In the corporate world,individual initiatives are highly valued,and constructive criticism of superiors is encouraged.This would suggest that American culture inheres a ______________________.

A) collectivist culture
B) feminine orientation
C) high uncertainty avoidance
D) low power distance

Question 39

In Hong Kong,children are raised to be obedient and to honor their parents.In the corporate world here,subordinates rarely confront or contradict their superiors.This profile suggests that Hong Kong has a ____________ culture.

A) low power distance
B) masculine
C) high power distance
D) low uncertainty avoidance

Question 40

It has been estimated that between 50 and 90% of communication is non-verbal.

Question 41

According to
C.K.Prahalad, products most likely to flourish in India are imbued with "3 A's:" affinities, attributes and attitude.

Question 42

Some population experts predict that India will overtake China as the world's largest country by the middle of the century.

Question 43

Income in India is ____________________________.

A) polarized
B) equally distributed among the population
C) comparable to that of Western nations
D) among the highest of the developing nations