Deck 5: System Tables

Question 1

A nurse is drawing blood from a patient for the Kleihauer-Betke test.This test is indicated for assessing the occurrence and extent of which of the following?
1)Cerebrovascular accident
2)Fetal-maternal hemorrhage
3)Myocardial infarction
4)Trauma to the spinal cord

Answer 1

2

Question 2

A nurse is collecting a stool sample to be examined for the presence of pinworms.How should the nurse collect this specimen?
1)Have the patient defecate directly into the collection container.
2)Have the patient defecate into a bedpan and transfer the specimen into the collection container using a tongue depressor.
3)Press a small paddle with a piece of cellophane tape against the perianal area.
4)Insert a cotton-tipped swab just inside the rectum.

Answer 2

3

Question 3

A nurse is assisting with a peritoneal fluid analysis procedure.The nurse understands that no more than 1,500 to 2,000 mL of fluid should be removed at a time.The proper rationale for this guideline is prevention of which of the following?
1)Hypertensive crisis
2)Hypovolemia and shock
3)Electrolyte imbalance
4)Dehydration

Answer 3

2

Question 4

A patient is suspected of having fifth disease.Which test would be appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Pachymetry
2)Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
3)Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4)Parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G and M antibodies

Question 5

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo myocardial infarct scanning.The IV radionuclide has just been administered.How long should the health-care team wait before proceeding with the heart scans?
1)20 to 30 minutes
2)2 to 4 hours
3)8 to 10 hours
4)24 hours

Question 6

A patient with a bacterial infection needs to undergo testing to identify the microorganism and determine the risk for developing sepsis.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Prealbumin
2)Potassium, urine
3)Procalcitonin
4)Progesterone

Question 7

A patient with a history of heart attack presents with complaints of chest pain.An electrocardiogram shows abnormal results, but cardiac enzyme levels are normal.The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following diagnostic tests, which can determine whether the patient has actually experienced a recent heart attack?
1)Mediastinoscopy
2)Myocardial infarct scan
3)Meckel's diverticulum scan
4)Chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 8

A patient with diabetes needs to undergo screening to assess for early signs of renal disease.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Magnesium
2)Methemoglobin
3)Microalbumin
4)Myoglobin

Question 9

Because of this trace mineral's ability to decrease uptake of the radionuclide used in a parathyroid scan and thus interfere with the test's results, the nurse should advise the patient to avoid foods containing which of the following before the scan?
1)Iron
2)Iodine
3)Copper
4)Zinc

Question 10

A nurse is providing pretest teaching to a patient who will be undergoing positron emission tomography of the brain.The nurse should instruct the patient to restrict alcohol, nicotine, and caffeine-containing drinks for how many hours before the test?
1)8 hours
2)12 hours
3)24 hours
4)48 hours

Question 11

A nurse is advising a 42-year-old woman who is healthy but at high risk for developing breast cancer regarding the importance of screening.Which of the following should the nurse recommend, based on guidelines of the American Cancer Society (ACS)?
1)Mammogram every 3 years
2)Annual mammogram
3)Annual mammogram and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
4)An MRIC every 2 years

Question 12

A patient's laboratory test results indicate prolonged activated partial thromboplastin time, which represents the time required for formation of a firm fibrin clot.In this case, the health-care provider suspects a vitamin deficiency may be contributing to this finding.The nurse knows that deficiency in which of the following vitamins is associated with this finding?
1)Vitamin C
2)Vitamin D
3)Vitamin E
4)Vitamin K

Question 13

A patient is suspected of having disseminated intravascular coagulation.Which test would be appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Pachymetry
2)Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
3)Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4)Parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G and M antibodies

Question 14

A patient is preparing to undergo a lung perfusion scan.The nurse is aware that this test is most useful in diagnosing which of the following conditions?
1)Pulmonary embolism
2)Asthma
3)Bronchitis
4)Pneumonia

Question 15

A patient who recently experienced a myocardial infarction needs to undergo testing to assess the damage done to the cardiac muscle.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Magnesium
2)Methemoglobin
3)Microalbumin
4)Myoglobin

Question 16

A nurse is preparing a patient for imaging of the arteries to visualize and assess blood flow.The nurse explains that this form of imaging does not involve radiation exposure and is considered safer than other imaging methods.Which type of imaging is this most likely to be?
1)Computed tomography (CT)
2)Radiography
3)Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)
4)Nuclear medicine

Question 17

A patient has undergone pleural fluid analysis, and the results include a pH level of 6.0 and elevated amylase.Which of the following conditions should the nurse most suspect?
1)Esophageal rupture
2)Hemothorax
3)Pleural malignancy
4)Pulmonary infarction

Question 18

A patient is suspected of having disseminated intravascular coagulation.Which test would be appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Plasminogen
2)Platelet antibodies
3)Phosphorus
4)Porphyrins

Question 19

A patient is preparing to undergo positron emission tomography (PET)of the brain for preoperative evaluation of tumors.The nurse should expect that which of the following contrast media will most likely be used for this test, given its role as a glucose analogue with little localization in normal tissue?
1)Technetium-99m (Tc-99m)pertechnetate
2)Fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)
3)Iodine-123
4)Thallium

Question 20

A patient's liver and spleen scan was negative for any abnormal findings.However, the nurse understands that a false-negative finding would be likely for a tumor, cyst, or abscess smaller than which of the following?
1)2 cm
2)4 cm
3)6 cm
4)8 cm

Question 21

A patient is exhibiting hypercalcemia.Which test would be appropriate for assisting in determining the cause of this finding?
1)Pachymetry
2)Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
3)Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4)Parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G and M antibodies

Question 22

A patient demonstrates pallor and complains of fatigue.Based on these symptoms and other findings, the health-care provider suspects the patient of having hemolytic anemia.Which of the following tests should the nurse most expect to be ordered for this patient?
1)Osmotic fragility
2)Osteocalcin
3)Oxalate
4)Osmolality

Question 23

A patient who has been unsuccessful in becoming pregnant needs to undergo testing to assess ovarian function.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Prealbumin
2)Potassium, urine
3)Procalcitonin
4)Progesterone

Question 24

A patient is preparing to undergo LASIK surgery and needs to have the thickness of the cornea assessed.Which test would be appropriate for this purpose?
1)Pachymetry
2)Parathyroid hormone (PTH)
3)Activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT)
4)Parvovirus B19 immunoglobulin G and M antibodies

Question 25

A patient is suspected of having heavy metal toxicity.Which test would be appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Plasminogen
2)Platelet antibodies
3)Phosphorus
4)Porphyrins

Question 26

A nurse is assisting with a Meckel's diverticulum scan.The IV radionuclide has just been administered to the patient.How should the scanning proceed?
1)The abdomen should be scanned in 1 hour and then every 10 minutes for the next 2 hours.
2)The abdomen should be scanned in 24 hours and then every 5 minutes for the next hour.
3)The abdomen should be scanned immediately and then every 5 minutes for the next hour.
4)The abdomen should be scanned in 48 hours and then every 10 minutes for the next 2 hours.

Question 27

A patient in her 30th week of gestation needs to undergo routine screening to detect risk for pre-eclampsia.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Protein C, blood
2)Protein S, blood
3)Total protein, urine
4)Total protein, blood

Question 28

A patient is concerned that he may be at risk for developing kidney stones, based on his family history, and would like to be assessed.Which of the following tests should the nurse most expect to be ordered for this patient?
1)Osmotic fragility
2)Osteocalcin
3)Oxalate
4)Osmolality

Question 29

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo pituitary magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Which intervention is most important for the nurse to make to ensure the patient's safety during this procedure?
1)Ensure that the patient has removed all external metallic objects from the area to be examined.
2)Instruct the patient to remain still throughout the procedure.
3)Ask the patient to inhale deeply and hold his or her breath while the images are taken.
4)Instruct the patient to void prior to the procedure.

Question 30

A patient with suspected malnutrition needs to undergo testing to evaluate nutritional status and liver function.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Prealbumin
2)Potassium, urine
3)Procalcitonin
4)Progesterone

Question 31

A patient's laboratory test results following pericardial fluid analysis suggest bacterial pericarditis.The nurse understand that this condition is associated with which of the following findings regarding red blood cell (RBC)and white blood cell (WBC)counts and glucose levels?
1)Increased RBC and WBC counts and increased glucose level
2)Increased RBC and WBC counts and decreased glucose level
3)Decreased RBC and WBC counts and increased glucose level
4)Decreased RBC and WBC counts and decreased glucose level

Question 32

A patient who suffered extensive third-degree burns needs to undergo testing to evaluate nutritional status related to this condition.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Protein C, blood
2)Protein S, blood
3)Total protein, urine
4)Total protein, blood

Question 33

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an elevated lipase level.The nurse understands that this finding is most associated with disease of which organ?
1)Liver
2)Stomach
3)Pancreas
4)Spleen

Question 34

A patient is suspected of having bronchogenic carcinoma.The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following diagnostic tests?
1)Mediastinoscopy
2)Myocardial infarct scan
3)Meckel's diverticulum scan
4)Chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI)

Question 35

A patient is suspected of having cyanosis.Which test would be most appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Magnesium
2)Methemoglobin
3)Microalbumin
4)Myoglobin

Question 36

A patient is at risk for acute deep vein thrombosis (DVT)of the leg and will be undergoing plethysmography to detect and, if present, evaluate this condition.The nurse understands that which type of plethysmography will be used for this purpose?
1)Arterial
2)Venous
3)Body
4)Impedance

Question 37

A child is brought to the emergency room after having ingested chips of paint that flaked off the wall of a 50-year-old apartment building.The child's mother is concerned that the child may be poisoned.Which test should the nurse most suspect will be ordered for this patient?
1)Lead
2)Radon
3)Mercury
4)Arsenic

Question 38

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an increased urine phosphorus level.This finding is consistent with which of the following conditions?
1)Hypoparathyroidism
2)Abuse of diuretics
3)Pseudohypoparathyroidism
4)Vitamin D intoxication

Question 39

A patient with suspected renal disease needs to undergo testing to evaluate electrolyte balance.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Prealbumin
2)Potassium, urine
3)Procalcitonin
4)Progesterone

Question 40

A nurse is preparing a patient to undergo chest magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).Which of the following interventions would be best for the nurse to make to help the patient cope with the banging sounds that the MRI machine makes?
1)Ask the patient to take slow, deep breaths.
2)Administer an antianxiety medication.
3)Supply earplugs to the patient.
4)Instruct the patient to void prior to the procedure.

Question 41

An obese patient is suspected of having venous thrombus in the calf vein.Which imaging test would be most effective in detecting this condition?
1)Computed tomography angiography (CTA)
2)Magnetic resonance venography (MRV)
3)Venous ultrasound
4)Radiography of the lower limb

Question 42

A nurse is assessing a patient who will be undergoing magnetic resonance imaging of the pancreas with a gadolinium-based contrast agent (GBCA).Given the use of this contrast medium, the nurse should especially evaluate the patient for which of the following?
1)Pancreatitis
2)Cirrhosis
3)Renal dysfunction
4)Cardiac disease

Question 43

A nurse is assisting with a lung ventilation scan, which requires administration of a contrast medium.The nurse should prepare the patient for which type of administration of this medium?
1)Intravenous injection of a radionuclide
2)Oral administration of a radioactive solution
3)Rectal administration of a barium enema
4)Inhalation administration of a radioactive gas

Question 44

A nurse is giving an overview of the lung perfusion scan to a patient who is preparing to undergo it.The nurse should explain that after an intravenous radionuclide is administered to the patient, the abdomen is scanned using which of the following?
1)Magnetic resonance imaging
2)Computed tomography
3)Gamma camera
4)X-ray

Question 45

A nurse is preparing a lactose solution in 250 mL of room temperature water to administer to a patient in a lactose tolerance test.The patient weighs 20 kg.What is the dose of lactose that the nurse should add to the glass of water?
1)10 g
2)20 g
3)30 g
4)40 g

Question 46

A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results of a female patient's luteinizing hormone (LH)test.In interpreting the results of this test, the nurse should keep in mind that LH level varies in accordance with the menstrual cycle and menopausal status of a woman, with the highest levels occurring during which of the following phases?
1)Follicular
2)Ovulatory
3)Luteal
4)Postmenopausal

Question 47

A patient is preparing to undergo lymphangiography.This test is often used to assist in the diagnosis of which of the following?
1)Alzheimer's disease
2)Down syndrome
3)Klinefelter's disease
4)Hodgkin's disease

Question 48

A patient is suspected of having hemolytic anemia due to an enzyme deficiency.Which test should the nurse expect the health-care provider to order for this patient to assess this problem?
1)Prolactin
2)Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
3)Pseudocholinesterase
4)Pyruvate kinase (PK)

Question 49

A mother brings her 13-year-old daughter into the office for her first gynecological examination.The mother tells the nurse that she has heard of a vaccination available for girls her daughter's age that can help prevent cervical cancer.The nurse recommends a vaccine for which of the following?
1)Herpes
2)Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
3)Human papillomavirus (HPV)
4)Hepatitis B

Question 50

A patient has unexplained abdominal pain and gastrointestinal (GI)bleeding.The health-care provider suspects ectopic gastric mucosa.The nurse should prepare the patient for which of the following diagnostic tests?
1)Mediastinoscopy
2)Myocardial infarct scan
3)Meckel's diverticulum scan
4)Abdominal magnetic resonance imaging

Question 51

A patient's laboratory test results indicate elevation of lactose dehydrogenase isoenzyme 5 (LDH₅).This finding is most consistent with which of the following?
1)Acute myocardial infarction
2)Pernicious anemia
3)Germ cell tumor
4)Cirrhosis

Question 52

A patient's laboratory test results indicate strongly positive findings for blood glucose and ketones in the urine.When assessing this patient, the nurse should look for which of the following signs, consistent with these findings?
1)Hyperactivity
2)Fruity-smelling breath
3)Sweating
4)Agitation

Question 53

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an increased level of metanephrines.This finding is most indicative of which of the following?
1)Lymphoma
2)Retinoblastoma
3)Pheochromocytoma
4)Glioma

Question 54

An older patient has suffered several bone fractures in the past year.The health-care provider is concerned that the patient may have a common degenerative bone disease that results in the bones becoming thinner and more brittle.Which of the following tests should the nurse most expect to be ordered for this patient?
1)Osmotic fragility
2)Osteocalcin
3)Oxalate
4)Osmolality

Question 55

A patient is dehydrated and needs to have his fluid and electrolyte balance assessed.Which of the following tests would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Osmotic fragility
2)Osteocalcin
3)Oxalate
4)Osmolality

Question 56

A patient will be undergoing surgery with the use of succinylcholine as an anesthetic agent.Which test should the nurse expect the health-care provider to order to rule out increased risk for anesthesia-induced apnea due to a congenital deficiency?
1)Prolactin
2)Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
3)Pseudocholinesterase
4)Pyruvate kinase (PK)

Question 57

A nurse is assisting with a gynecological laparoscopic examination.Which of the following findings would be most critical and would require immediate notification of the requesting health-care provider?
1)Endometriosis
2)Ovarian cyst
3)Ectopic pregnancy
4)Pelvic inflammatory disease

Question 58

A patient is preparing to undergo cardiac positron emission tomography (PET).Given the site of this scan, which of the following extra steps should the nurse anticipate?
1)Having the patient drink glucose prior to radionuclide injection
2)Monitoring the patient for potential anaphylactic response to the procedure
3)Administering ordered prophylactic steroids before the procedure
4)Ensuring the patient has removed external metallic objects from the area to be examined

Question 59

A patient who gave birth 24 hours ago has not been able to breastfeed because her milk has not come in.Which test should the nurse expect the health-care provider to order for this patient to assess this problem?
1)Prolactin
2)Prostate-specific antigen (PSA)
3)Pseudocholinesterase
4)Pyruvate kinase (PK)

Question 60

A patient is suspected of having thrombocytopenia.Which test would be appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Plasminogen
2)Platelet antibodies
3)Phosphorus
4)Porphyrins

Question 61

A patient in renal failure needs to undergo testing to assess her electrolyte balance and need for hemodialysis.Which test would be most appropriate for this purpose?
1)Magnesium
2)Methemoglobin
3)Microalbumin
4)Myoglobin

Question 62

When assessing the significance of a patient's serum creatinine level, which factors should a nurse identify as being important? Select all that apply.
1)Age
2)Level of activity
3)Skeletal muscle mass
4)Traumatic injury

Question 63

When performing a venipuncture on a 2-year-old who is hospitalized, which actions by a nurse are most appropriate? Select all that apply.
1)Encourage the parent, if present, to assist with the procedure by holding the child.
2)Place a colorful bandage on the site after completing the procedure.
3)Stay with the child to play for a few minutes until crying stops.
4)Use the treatment room for the procedure.

Question 64

A patient is suspected of having disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC).Which test would be most appropriate for confirming this suspicion?
1)Potassium
2)Protein S
3)Total protein, urine
4)Total protein, blood

Question 65

While working with a 10-year-old boy who is having a well-child checkup, the nurse would expect which of the following findings when inspecting the ear using an otoscope? Select all that apply.
1)Tympanic membrane appears to be bulging.
2)Cone of light noted at the 4 o'clock position.
3)Retraction of the tympanic membrane is noted.
4)There is a shiny, pearl-gray color to the tympanic membrane.
5)Pinna appears red and swollen.
6)S-shaped external auditory canal lined with fine hairs.

Question 66

The nurse would counsel which of the following individuals for an increased risk for kidney stones? Select all that apply.
1)A 21-year-old with a history of Crohn's disease.
2)A 40-year-old with a family history of renal cell carcinoma
3)A 34-year-old diagnosed with celiac disease
4)A 59-year-old with diabetes
5)A 52-year-old with cirrhosis
6)A 37-year-old with a history of glioblastoma

Question 67

A patient has a vitamin B₁₂ level of 120 pg/mL.For which clinical manifestations should a nurse assess this patient? Select all that apply.
1)Fatigue
2)Hyperreflexia
3)Insomnia
4)Sore tongue
5)Weight loss

Question 68

The nurse is caring for a patient scheduled for an open lung biopsy of the right apices.Which of the following patient statements indicates that teaching has been effective? Select all that apply.
1)"I know this is probably cancer."
2)"I know I will have a chest tube when I wake up."
3)"I should take all of my medications in the morning before coming in for the test."
4)"I can't eat or drink anything after midnight before the test."
5)"They will start an IV before the procedure to give me anesthesia and fluids."
6)"A tube will be passed down my throat to see into my lungs."

Question 69

A nurse is positioning a patient for proctosigmoidoscopy.Which position should the patient be placed in?
1)Left lateral decubitus
2)Supine
3)Semi-Fowler's
4)Lithotomy

Question 70

During a brain magnetic resonance imaging procedure, a patient complains of nausea.Which of the following should the nurse do in response?
1)Stop the procedure.
2)Administer an antiemetic to the patient.
3)Instruct the patient to take slow, deep breaths.
4)Administer an antianxiety agent to the patient.

Question 71

A patient's laboratory test results indicate a positive finding on the mumps serology test.The nurse understands that this condition involves infection of which of the following?
1)Thyroid gland
2)Parotid glands
3)Adrenal glands
4)Thymus gland

Question 72

A nurse is providing nutritional and exercise teaching to a patient at risk for coronary artery disease.The patient demonstrates elevated low-density lipoprotein (LDL)cholesterol levels, blood pressure of 145/92 mm Hg, a body mass index (BMI)of 31, and normal triglycerides.Based on these findings, which of the following should the nurse recommend? Select all that apply.
1)Increase sodium intake.
2)Achieve a normal weight.
3)Engage in moderate aerobic activity three to four times per week.
4)Adhere to a heart-healthy diet.
5)Eliminate alcohol.

Question 73

The nurse is caring for a patient who will undergo an adrenal gland scan.Which of the following would be included in the teaching? Select all that apply.
1)"This test involves injecting a radionuclide dye."
2)"The test can help determine if you have Cushing's disease."
3)"You will need to have a full bowel cleansing prior to the test."
4)"Images are actually taken every day for 3 to 5 days after the dye is provided."
5)"The dye attaches to cholesterol, which is stored in your adrenal glands."

Question 74

The nurse would expect to find abnormally high results for urine protein in the charts for which of the following individuals? Select all that apply.
1)A 26-year-old with diabetic nephropathy
2)A 71-year-old with bladder cancer
3)A 41-year old with a urinary tract infection
4)A 35-year-old with sickle cell anemia
5)A 29-year old with chronic bronchitis
6)A 56-year-old with pancreatitis

Question 75

The nurse assisting in the care of patients receiving radioactive iodine uptake testing recognizes that which of the following can alter test results by decreasing radionuclide uptake? Select all that apply.
1)Calcium channel blockers
2)Antihistamines
3)Corticosteroids
4)Insulins
5)Penicillins
6)Multivitamins

Question 76

A patient is at great risk for renal failure and needs to undergo testing to evaluate his renal function.Which test would be appropriate for this purpose?
1)Plasminogen
2)Platelet antibodies
3)Phosphorus
4)Porphyrins

Question 77

A nurse is assessing a patient who has just undergone thoracentesis for pleural fluid analysis for symptoms indicating the development of pneumothorax.Which of the following are associated with this condition? Select all that apply.
1)Dyspnea
2)Bradypnea
3)Anxiety
4)Increased breathing sounds
5)Restlessness

Question 78

The nurse is caring for a patient with a total cholesterol level of 267 mg/dL.Which of the following instructions should be included in the patient teaching? Select all that apply.
1)"You will need to use a sugar substitute in your coffee."
2)"It is important for you to cut down the number of eggs you eat each week."
3)"Lean meats like chicken and fish should become a bigger part of your diet."
4)"You're doing a nice job of following a low-fat diet."
5)"Dairy products are considered high in both fat and cholesterol."
6)"This value indicates that you need to reduce the number of breads and grains you eat."

Question 79

Which of the following individuals receiving a transfusion would most likely receive blood that had been tested or screened for cytomegalovirus (CMV)? Select all that apply.
1)A 33-year-old with a history of diabetes mellitus
2)A 21-year-old who is 32 weeks pregnant
3)A 55-year-old who is HIV positive
4)A 28-year-old who received a heart transplant 2 years ago
5)A 14-year-old undergoing chemotherapy for leukemia
6)A 65-year-old with a history of atrial fibrillation

Question 80

A patient's laboratory test results indicate an increased level of lactic acid.This finding is consistent with which of the following conditions? Select all that apply.
1)Ketosis
2)Heart failure
3)Shock
4)Strenuous exercise
5)Pancreatic cancer