Deck 7: Sexual Victimization

Question 1

In the Hate Crimes Statistics Act of 1990,bias crimes are offenses that are motivated by hatred against a victim based on race,religion,sexual orientation,ethnicity,or national origin.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Hate violence has a long history in the United States and some sources suggest that it has increased in the recent past.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Under state legislation,generally the prosecutor must prove that the perpetrator's motivation was because of the ____ race,religion,or some other personal characteristic.

Answer 3

victim's

Question 4

Thrill-seeking offenders generally are groups of teenagers who are not otherwise associated with any other formal hate group.

Question 5

The federal hate crime legislation has many critics.For example,one critic called the 2009 Act "another nail in the coffin of the ___Amendment."

Question 6

The government cannot punish an individual for his or her abstract beliefs.

Question 7

Major concerns regarding hate crimes legislation do not include which of the following?

A)It violates the concept of equal protection under the law by granting more government protection to certain classes of people.
B)It is an overreach of federal power-allowing federal government intervention into local and state affairs.
C)Most U.S.citizens do not support hate crime legislation.
D)It paves the way to religious persecution through "hate speech," in particular for Christians and other faith groups who hold traditional beliefs on homosexuality.

Question 8

Cultural awareness can be defined as the understanding an individual has regarding different cultures.

Question 9

Persons of color and certain religious groups traditionally have been the target of hate crimes.

Question 10

Hate crimes punish thoughts because they address the greater individual and societal harms caused by bias-related offenses.

Question 11

Under most state statutes,the prosecutor needs to prove two things to get a hate crime conviction.Which is not one of the two requirements?

A)The offender committed the crime.
B)The offender profited from the crime.
C)The crime was committed because of the victim's personal characteristics.

Question 12

Reactive offenders have a sense of entitlement concerning their rights or lifestyle that does not extend to the victim.

Question 13

Levin and McDevitt have established three categories of hate crime offenders.Which of the following is not one of them?

A)Thrill-seeking offenders
B)Reactive offenders
C)Mission offenders
D)Goal-oriented offenders

Question 14

Women have rarely been the subject of hate and bias crimes.

Question 15

A major concern regarding hate crime legislation is that it violates the concept of ___ ___ under the law by granting more government protection to certain classes of people.

Question 16

A disabled person is defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act as one who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of that individual,or has a record of such impairment,or is regarded as having such impairment.

Question 17

The Hate Crimes Statistics Act enacted in 1990 mandates the attorney general to acquire data and publish an annual report on crimes committed based on prejudice concerning

A)race.
B)religion.
C)sexual orientation.
D)ethnicity.
E)All of the above

Question 18

Currently in most states,the homeless are not listed as a ___class under federal law,so crimes against the homeless are not listed as hate crimes.

Question 19

In Wisconsin v.Mitchell,the U.S.Supreme Court unanimously held that Wisconsin's hate crime statute,which increased penalties for crimes motivated by hate or by bias,was unconstitutional.

Question 20

Because of the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990,accurately measuring the number of hate crimes committed is not difficult.

Question 21

Another concern regarding federal ___ ____ laws is that they pave the way to religious persecution through "hate speech," in particular for Christians and other faith groups who hold traditional beliefs on homosexuality.

Question 22

Explain the issues in Wisconsin v.Mitchell?

Question 23

What are the arguments in favor of hate crime legislation?

Question 24

How do you determine that a crime is a bias crime?

Question 25

Speech that paves the way to ___ persecution is "hate speech," in particular for Christians and other faith groups who hold traditional beliefs on homosexuality.

Question 26

Would you consider Ku Klux Klan to be a white supremacy group?

Question 27

Why aren't hate crime statutes a violation of the First Amendment?

Question 28

The term ___ includes different races,religions,genders,ages,physical disabilities,and gay or lesbian issues.

Question 29

Joe opens a new restaurant.He decides that all his counter help will be young,attractive white women.Does his refusal to hire a young overweight person constitute a hate crime?

Question 30

What is the motivation of thrill-seeking offenders when they commit hate crimes?

Question 31

___ crimes are offenses that are motivated by hatred and directed against a victim based on race,religion,sexual orientation,ethnicity,or national origin.

Question 32

____ awareness is more than a series of "politically correct" sayings and posters that hang in an office.

Question 33

A ____ person is defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act as one who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of that individual,or has a record of such impairment,or is regarded as having such impairment.