Question 1

In the Hate Crimes Statistics Act of 1990,bias crimes are offenses that are motivated by hatred against a victim based on race,religion,sexual orientation,ethnicity,or national origin.

Accepted Answer

The statement correctly defines bias crimes under the Hate Crimes Statistics Act of 1990.

Question 2

Hate violence has a long history in the United States and some sources suggest that it has increased in the recent past.

Accepted Answer

Hate violence has a long and documented history in the United States. While it is difficult to accurately measure trends in hate violence, some sources such as the FBI and the Anti-Defamation League have reported increases in hate crimes in recent years.

Question 3

Under state legislation,generally the prosecutor must prove that the perpetrator's motivation was because of the ____ race,religion,or some other personal characteristic.

Accepted Answer

victim's

Question 4

Thrill-seeking offenders generally are groups of teenagers who are not otherwise associated with any other formal hate group.

Accepted Answer

Thrill-seeking offenders often engage in hate-motivated behavior without formal association with hate groups. They are usually young individuals, often in their teenage years, who engage in violent or destructive behavior to feel a sense of excitement or thrill.

Question 5

The federal hate crime legislation has many critics.For example,one critic called the 2009 Act "another nail in the coffin of the ___Amendment."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The federal hate crime legislation has many...

Question 6

The government cannot punish an individual for his or her abstract beliefs.

Accepted Answer

The First Amendment of the United States Constitution protects an individual's freedom of speech and religion, which include their abstract beliefs. The government cannot punish an individual for holding certain beliefs, no matter how unpopular or controversial they may be. However, if an individual's beliefs lead to illegal action or harm to others, the government can take legal action.

Question 7

Major concerns regarding hate crimes legislation do not include which of the following?

Accepted Answer

The statement "Most U.S. citizens do not support hate crime legislation" is not a major concern regarding hate crimes legislation. The other options (A, B, and D) are all major concerns that have been raised about hate crimes legislation.

Question 8

Cultural awareness can be defined as the understanding an individual has regarding different cultures.

Accepted Answer

Cultural awareness is defined as the knowledge and understanding individuals have of different cultures, including their beliefs, values, customs, and behaviors. It involves recognizing and respecting cultural differences and being able to adjust one's behavior and communication style accordingly.

Question 9

Persons of color and certain religious groups traditionally have been the target of hate crimes.

Accepted Answer

Studies and statistics have shown that individuals from minority racial and religious backgrounds are more likely to be victims of hate crimes. Hate crime laws have been implemented to address and prevent such targeted violence.

Question 10

Hate crimes punish thoughts because they address the greater individual and societal harms caused by bias-related offenses.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Hate crimes punish thoughts because they address...

Question 11

Under most state statutes,the prosecutor needs to prove two things to get a hate crime conviction.Which is not one of the two requirements?

Accepted Answer

The two requirements for a hate crime conviction are that the offender committed the crime, and the crime was motivated by the victim's personal characteristics, such as race, religion, or sexual orientation. Whether or not the offender profited from the crime is not relevant to proving a hate crime.

Question 12

Reactive offenders have a sense of entitlement concerning their rights or lifestyle that does not extend to the victim.

Accepted Answer

Reactive offenders often feel entitled to their own lifestyle or behavior, but do not extend that same sense of entitlement to their victim's rights or well-being. They may feel justified in their actions or response, even if it harms or violates the other person.

Question 13

Levin and McDevitt have established three categories of hate crime offenders.Which of the following is not one of them?

Accepted Answer

Levin and McDevitt's three categories of hate crime offenders are thrill-seeking offenders, reactive offenders, and mission offenders. There is no category called "goal-oriented offenders."

Question 14

Women have rarely been the subject of hate and bias crimes.

Accepted Answer

Women have been the subject of hate and bias crimes throughout history, including crimes based on gender, race, religion, and sexual orientation. These crimes have included rape, domestic violence, honor killings, genital mutilation, forced marriage, and discrimination in education, employment, and healthcare.

Question 15

A major concern regarding hate crime legislation is that it violates the concept of ___ ___ under the law by granting more government protection to certain classes of people.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A major concern regarding hate crime legislation...

Question 16

A disabled person is defined by the Americans with Disabilities Act as one who has a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more of the major life activities of that individual,or has a record of such impairment,or is regarded as having such impairment.

Accepted Answer

The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) does define a disabled person as someone with a physical or mental impairment that substantially limits one or more major life activities, or has a record of such impairment, or is regarded as having such impairment.

Question 17

The Hate Crimes Statistics Act enacted in 1990 mandates the attorney general to acquire data and publish an annual report on crimes committed based on prejudice concerning

Accepted Answer

The Hate Crimes Statistics Act includes all of the options listed in the question (race, religion, sexual orientation, and ethnicity) as categories for data collection and reporting. Therefore, the best answer is E, "All of the above."

Question 18

Currently in most states,the homeless are not listed as a ___class under federal law,so crimes against the homeless are not listed as hate crimes.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Currently in most states,the homeless are not...

Question 19

In Wisconsin v.Mitchell,the U.S.Supreme Court unanimously held that Wisconsin's hate crime statute,which increased penalties for crimes motivated by hate or by bias,was unconstitutional.

Accepted Answer

In Wisconsin v. Mitchell (1993), the U.S. Supreme Court unanimously held that Wisconsin's hate crime statute, which increased penalties for crimes motivated by the victim's race, religion, color, disability, sexual orientation, national origin, or ancestry, was constitutional. The Court ruled that the statute did not violate the First Amendment because it did not punish speech or expressive conduct, but rather the conduct of selecting a victim based on prohibited criteria.

Question 20

Because of the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990,accurately measuring the number of hate crimes committed is not difficult.

Accepted Answer

While the Hate Crime Statistics Act of 1990 requires law enforcement agencies to report hate crime statistics to the FBI, accurately measuring the number of hate crimes committed is difficult due to various factors such as underreporting and inconsistent reporting by agencies.

Quiz 7: Sexual Victimization