Deck 7: Drugs Affecting the Endocrine System

Question 1

Which form of an endocrine disease means that the source of the problem for the disease resides in the organ that produces the final hormone?

A)primary.
B)secondary.
C)tertiary.
D)idiopathic.

Answer 1

primary.

Question 2

Palpation of the ventral neck of a cat should be performed on hyperthyroid felines that exhibit

A)tachypnea.
B)tachycardia.
C)lethargy.
D)weight gain.

Answer 2

tachycardia.

Question 3

Cats with hyperthyroidism because of thyroid tumors often experience and increase in beta-1 receptors on __________ cells.

A)heart
B)lung
C)GI
D)liver

Answer 3

heart

Question 4

Exogenous drugs are

A)naturally occurring.
B)made inside the body.
C)made outside the body.
D)cannot mimic the natural compound.

Question 5

Of the following list, who should be chosen to administer prostaglandin for estrous synchronization of dairy cows on a farm?

A)The farmer who is 6 months pregnant
B)The farmer's son who is an asthmatic
C)The farm hand who forgot her gloves in her truck
D)The healthy technician who is used to handling needles and syringes

Question 6

Progesterone has a negative feedback effect on the release of all except

A)FSH.
B)LH.
C)GnRH.
D)estrogen.

Question 7

Hypothyroidism is commonly recognized and treated in

A)cats.
B)dogs.
C)horses.
D)cattle.

Question 8

Levothyroxine used to treat hypothyroidism

A)all brands react the same in the body.
B)has a wide therapeutic (safety) index.
C)is less effective than liothyroxine.
D)must be administered IV.

Question 9

Which type of injectable insulin product should be used during a diabetic emergency, administered via the IV route?

A)PZI (protamine zinc insulin)
B)Regular insulin
C)NPH (neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin)
D)Insulin glargine

Question 10

What would be the effect of using a U-40 syringe instead of a U-100 syringe to pull up a dose of insulin?

A)No effect-they are the same syringe, just marketed differently
B)Insulin react s adversely with the syringe materials if the drugs are mismatched
C)The dose will likely be incorrect, leading to possible dangerous side effects
D)It's not possible, as the bottles require specific syringes to draw up the drug

Question 11

Type 1 diabetes mellitus is also known as insulin dependent diabetes mellitus and is more commonly diagnosed in

A)cats.
B)dogs.
C)horses.
D)cattle.

Question 12

Human chorionic gonadotropin and equine chorionic gonadotropin are examples of gonadotropins

A)released by the pituitary.
B)which have LH like effects.
C)are produced by the Dam's uterus.
D)are the same as gonadorelins.

Question 13

Prostaglandins are commonly used to terminate pregnancies in many domestic species. Injection of the specific prostaglandin F_{2 $\alpha$} (PgF_{2 $\alpha$} ) is alone not 100% effective in causing parturition in cattle that are near term. Why?

A)PgF_{2 $\alpha$} is a prostaglandin that functions as a gastroprotectant
B)PgF_{2 $\alpha$} is not labeled for use in food animals
C)PgF_{2 $\alpha$} doesn't exert an influence on the uterus
D)PgF_{2 $\alpha$} doesn't exert an influence on the corpus luteum

Question 14

Developing ovarian follicles produce which two hormones.

A)Estrogen/Progesterone
B)Progesterone/Inhibin
C)Inhibin/Estrogen
D)Do not produce hormones

Question 15

What is the hormone that promotes the maintenance of pregnancies?

A)Oxytocin
B)Prostaglandin
C)Progesterone
D)Prolactin
E)Relaxin

Question 16

Animals with follicular cysts will

A)exhibit non-cycling behavior and appear pregnant.
B)never show signs of estrus.
C)always appear to be in heat.
D)never settle or get pregnant.

Question 17

Thyrotoxicosis is another name for

A)hypothyroidism.
B)hyperthryoidism.
C)euthryoidism.
D)thyroplastic anemia.

Question 18

A farmer has a cow that has experienced chronic ketosis over the period of 2 months. The herd veterinarian diagnoses fatty liver syndrome, a condition where over conditioned cattle deposit excess lipid in their liver parenchyma resulting in a metabolic disorder which effects the body's utilization of blood sugar. In addition to the standard ketosis treatment of IV glucose, dexamethasone, and B vitamins, the veterinarian adds BID insulin to the protocol for 3 days. Why is this addition contraindicated in this scenario?

A)Because cattle don't respond to insulin
B)Insulin receptors won't react to the insulin
C)Insulin is too expensive to be reliably used in farm practice
D)There is no problem with this protocol

Question 19

With regards to thyroid hormone, which is the correct statement?

A)In tissue, T₄ is changed to T₃ by losing a iodine
B)T₄ is the more active form of the thyroid hormone
C)In tissue, T₃ is changed to T₄ by adding a iodine
D)Both T₃ and T₄ are active thyroid hormone

Question 20

Hypothyroidism as result of decreased iodine ingestion causes Goiter because

A)no thyroid hormone precursors T₁ or T₂ can be produced.
B)to many thyroid hormone precursors T₁ or T₂ are produced.
C)high levels of TSH stimulates thyroid tissue, leading to hypertrophy of the thyroid gland.
D) the thyroid gland is inflamed.

Question 21

Why is levothyroxine (T₄) preferred for treatment of hypothyroidism than liothyronine (T₃)?

A)T₃ is a synthetic drug, while T₄ is natural
B)T₃ is never used in clinical cases
C)T₄ is much cheaper than T₃
D)T₄ has a much shorter half-life than T₃, so it's potentially more toxic
E)T₄ appears more of a factor in the negative feedback loop than T₃

Question 22

Why would a cat with hyperthyroidism as well as blood calcium imbalances benefit from treatment with radioactive iodine in place of surgical thyroidectomy?

A)Need to spare the parathyroid glands
B)This is obviously an old cat, which would not be suitable for a major surgery
C)Thyroidectomy isn't 100% curative for hyperthyroidism
D)Radioactive iodine can be given at home by the pet's owners

Question 23

What is the euthyroid state?

A)Abnormal thyroid levels that occur with disease
B)Euthanasia of an animal with a primary thyroid tumor
C)Normal thyroid hormone levels
D)Opposite of idiopathic (unknown) cause of thyroid dysfunction

Question 24

Endocrine hormones function to not only affect a target tissue, but to cause a subsequent decrease in the continued release of more of the same hormone. This mechanism that limits the amount of a hormone response that occurs is called:

A)tolerance.
B)upregulation.
C)negative feedback.
D)resistance.
E)positive stimulus.

Question 25

Concerning the cascade responsible for the production of thyroid hormone, first a _______________ hormone is produced from the hypothalamus, which acts on the anterior pituitary to produce a ________________ hormone that function to cause the thyroid gland to produce the final hormone in the cascade, thyroxine.

A)primary, secondary
B)stimulating, controlling
C)positive, negative
D)releasing, stimulating