Deck 24: Epidemiology of Cervical Cancer

Question 1

Cancer of the uterine cervix is the third most common cancer diagnosed among women worldwide.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

During 2018, 569,847 new cases were diagnosed, and 311,365 women died from cervical cancer in the world population.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Most cases (over 85%) of cervical cancer are diagnosed in women living in underdeveloped countries.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The "Pap Test," which was introduced in the US around 1950, provides a quick, safe, affordable, and accurate means of detecting precancerous dysplastic lesions of the cervix that can be "cured" by simple surgery or other ablative techniques.

Question 5

Due to widespread screening by the Pap Test coupled with effective therapy for preneoplastic lesions, cervical cancer incidence and mortality rates have declined dramatically in developed countries.

Question 6

In the USA, the current annual cervical cancer mortality rates are approximately equal among Caucasian and African American women.

Question 7

Human Papilloma Virus strains 16 and 18 account for virtually 100% of all cervical cancer.

Question 8

Vaccines against HPV16 and HPV18 are expected to effectively eliminate all cases of cervical cancer in treated populations.

Question 9

What fraction of cases with invasive cervical cancer are diagnosed in nations without effective screening programs?

A) 55%
B) 65%
C) 75%
D) 85%

Question 10

All strains of HPV listed below have been linked to the development of cervical cancer except:

A) HPV16.
B) HPV18.
C) HPV31.
D) HPV6.

Question 11

Risk factors for cervical cancer include all of the following except:

A) high parity.
B) sexual activity with multiple partners at an early age.
C) chronic cigarette smoking.
D) moderate alcohol consumption.

Question 12

Infection by oncogenic HPV strains such as HPV16 and HPV18 has been estimated to account for what percentage of cervical cancer cases?

A) 70%
B) 80%
C) 90%
D) 100%

Question 13

What screening method has proven most effective in detecting precancerous cervical lesions in women living in underserved areas of the world such as sub-Saharan Africa where medical facilities are virtually absent?

A) PAP test
B) HPV testing
C) Direct visual inspection
D) Direct visual inspection with special stains

Question 14

Describe the global burden of cervical cancer.

Question 15

Discuss the impact of the PAP test in the detection and treatment of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix.

Question 16

Discuss the risk factors for cervical cancer.

Question 17

Discuss the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.

Question 18

Discuss the role of oncogenic strains of human papilloma virus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of cervical cancer.

Question 19

Discuss the impact of co-infection by HIV and HPV16/18.

Question 20

Discuss the potential role of HPV vaccines in the prevention and control of cervical cancer.

Question 21

Discuss the role of direct visual inspection with special stains in the detection and immediate treatment of precancerous lesions of the uterine cervix in underserved women.