Deck 12: Alcohol and Drug Abuse

Question 1

According to the 2016 Uniform Crime Report, approximately ______ drug arrests were made in 2016.

A) 500,000
B) 1.5 million
C) 3 million
D) 15 million

Answer 1

B

Question 2

Federal law requires all sentenced federal drug offenders to serve at least ______ of their imposed sentence.

A) 20 percent
B) 50 percent
C) 87 percent
D) 99 percent

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which statement is TRUE about the war on drugs?

A) It decreased the availability of drugs.
B) It created an increase in the prison population.
C) It provided user with opportunities for treatment.
D) It reduced illicit drug use.

Answer 3

B

Question 4

Dr. Park's research examines how genetic factors predispose an individual to drug abuse. Dr. Park is most likely which of these?

A) a functionalist
B) a bio-psychologist
C) a conflict theorist
D) a feminist

Question 5

From a sociological perspective, which is a concern with biological and psychological theories of drug abuse?

A) They argue that the abuser needs to be fixed.
B) They can't help us understand drug abuse.
C) They don't offer effective treatment modalities.
D) They can't explain the social or structural determinants of drug abuse.

Question 6

Annie has insufficient resources to deal with a number of demanding situations that are arising at her place of work. As a result, she has started to drink every night. Functionalists might say that Annie is suffering from which of these?

A) role conflict
B) role confusion
C) role strain
D) role anomie

Question 7

Leana's society is undergoing a rapid cultural change as technology has replaced traditional craft and religious activities. Which theorist would predict that this will lead to a change in social norms which may also influence deviant behaviors?

A) Émile Durkheim
B) C. Wright Mills
C) Edwin Sutherland
D) Howard Becker

Question 8

Which theory might point out that drug testing is likely to punish the poor?

A) interactionist theories
B) conflict theories
C) functionalist theories
D) feminist theories

Question 9

Data suggests that the dramatic increase in women's imprisonment is due primarily to which of these?

A) lack of childcare
B) accessibility of cocaine
C) gender equality
D) the war on drugs

Question 10

Research indicates that ______ are about ten times more likely than other women to be reported to civil authorities for drug use.

A) Asian American women
B) Native American women
C) Hispanic women
D) African American women

Question 11

Which of these theories would say that we learn to use and misuse drugs following the norms and behaviors of our peer group?

A) role strain theory
B) labeling theory
C) differential association
D) control theory

Question 12

One persistent societal myth maintains that as a group, Native Americans have problems handling alcohol. However, research indicates that a factor such as ______ may explain high rates of alcohol related problems in this population.

A) differential association
B) demography
C) biology
D) role strain

Question 13

Which perspective would be likely to point out the importance of considering how society responds to and labels people who use certain types of drugs?

A) functionalist
B) interactionist
C) feminist
D) conflict

Question 14

The use of any drug or medication for a reason other than which it was intended or in a manner or in quantities other than directed which can lead to clinically significant impairment or distress is referred to as which of these?

A) drug abuse
B) drug rehabilitation
C) drug addiction
D) drug codependency

Question 15

The physical or psychological dependence on a drug or medication is known as which of these?

A) drug abuse
B) drug rehabilitation
C) drug addiction
D) drug codependency

Question 16

Which individual is using an illicit drug?

A) Liz, who smokes a pack of cigarettes per day
B) Shay, who drinks a six-pack of beer every night
C) Jack, who smokes cigars on special occasions
D) Tess, who takes Ketamine at a rave party

Question 17

Which of these symptoms is NOT associated with alcoholism?

A) loss of control
B) needing less alcohol to achieve the effects
C) physical dependence
D) craving

Question 18

Which of the following groups of U.S. college students has the lowest drinking rate in the United States?

A) Asian and black
B) American Indian and white
C) white and black
D) Asian and white

Question 19

Which of these factors put women particularly at risk of alcoholism?

A) gender socialization
B) sexual abuse
C) the social role of wife
D) the social role of mother

Question 20

The prevalence of smoking is highest among which of these groups in the United States?

A) African Americans
B) Alaska natives
C) Hispanics
D) whites

Question 21

Which of these drugs kills more people worldwide than all drugs combined?

A) alcohol
B) tobacco
C) marijuana
D) opioids

Question 22

In 2015, it was found that approximately ______ of the U.S. population reported the use current of a tobacco product.

A) 10 percent
B) 20 percent
C) 30 percent
D) 40 percent

Question 23

What is the major active chemical in marijuana?

A) cannabis
B) SAMHA
C) ketamine
D) THC

Question 24

Acute marijuana has a number of side effects. Which of these is NOT one of those side effects?

A) lowered heart rate
B) impaired coordination and balance
C) impaired short-term memory
D) addiction

Question 25

______ Americans die each day from an opioid overdose.

A) 11
B) 41
C) 91
D) 1,000

Question 26

Which perspective notes that certain individuals and groups who use drugs are labeled and this label shapes how society responds to them?

A) interactionism
B) conflict
C) functionalism
D) feminism

Question 27

MacDonald, Wells, and Wild (1999) found that problem drinking or drug use was linked to all but which of these?

A) drinking subculture at work
B) degree of autonomy at work
C) safety of the workplace
D) quality and organization of work

Question 28

Of the workers below, which has the highest rate of current illicit drug use and heavy drinking?

A) construction workers
B) bartenders
C) food service staff
D) sales personnel

Question 29

Infrequently drinking a large quantity of alcohol in a short period is called which of these?

A) toxic alcohol consumption
B) episodic high-risk drinking
C) black-out drinking
D) high-density drinking

Question 30

Based on their self reports of drinking, what percentage of college students meet the criteria for alcohol abuse?

A) 11 percent
B) 31 percent
C) 51 percent
D) 71 percent

Question 31

The 1996 Harvard School of Public Health College Alcohol Study highlighted binge drinking among college students. Which group of students did they find most likely to be among the groups who binge drink?

A) non-traditional students
B) anti-social students
C) whites
D) members of honor societies

Question 32

Which of the following is a common element of NIDA, the ONDCP, and the NIAAA?

A) They are all federally funded programs.
B) They were all signed into law by President Obama.
C) They have all advocated for the legalization of drugs.
D) They all target drug use among young people.

Question 33

What is the term for entirely removing drugs from the control of the law?

A) legalization
B) decriminalization
C) harm-reduction
D) mainstreaming

Question 34

What is the term for keeping in place drug penalties but reducing their severity?

A) legalization
B) decriminalization
C) harm-reduction
D) mainstreaming

Question 35

Which age cohort is most likely to support legalization of marijuana?

A) Silent
B) Boomers
C) Gen X
D) Millennials

Question 36

Which of these is TRUE of drug addiction and treatment in the U.S.?

A) Treatment is common as over three quarters of those who need treatment receive it.
B) Traditional treatment programs focus on treating families, not individuals.
C) The immediate goal of treatment is abstinence.
D) Research shows that treatment works to reduce drug intake and drug-related crimes.

Question 37

Which of these is TRUE of The Fair Sentencing Act?

A) It was signed into law by President Bill Clinton.
B) It reduces the sentencing disparity in the amounts of powder cocaine and crack cocaine required for the imposition of mandatory minimum sentences.
C) It cannot be retroactively applied to cases that were sentenced before the act was signed.
D) It was abolished by Executive Order under the administration of Donald Trump.

Question 38

Which of these is TRUE of workplace strategies around drug treatment and prevention?

A) All employers are legally required to have drug-free workplaces.
B) Drug-testing in the workplace has been litigated as a challenge to employees' right to privacy.
C) Drug-free workplaces have little to no effect on the use of drugs in the workplace.
D) Peer support groups are the most common ways that employers manage drug use in the workplace.

Question 39

Which of these is TRUE of the Drug Free Communities Act?

A) It was intended to increase substance abuse reduction among the elderly.
B) It is directed by the Department of Justice.
C) It currently supports more than 700 coalitions of participants, community agencies, law enforcement, and other stakeholders.
D) International groups have been unable to adapt this specifically U.S.-focused program because it relies heavily on the norm of individualism.

Question 40

Since 1980, the number of drug offenders in federal prison has dramatically decreased.

Question 41

The United States has been involved in the war on drugs for the past 100 years.

Question 42

Biological and psychological theories look for individual solutions to alcohol or drug abuse problems.

Question 43

The most common illicitly used drug in the United States is prescription pain relievers.

Question 44

Alcohol is the most abused drug in the United States.

Question 45

Native Hawaiians and whites have among the lowest adult alcohol drinking rates in the United States.

Question 46

In 2015, 52 million Americans report current use of tobacco product.

Question 47

Opioids are a class of drugs used to reduce pain.

Question 48

The stigma of opioid use in the U.S. differs depending on one's race and social class.

Question 49

According to the findings of MacDonald, Wells, and Wild (1999), the presence of a drinking subculture at work is the strongest risk factor for alcohol and drug use.

Question 50

According to researchers, teens who binge drink are likely to naturally continue on to become full-blown alcoholics.

Question 51

The Netherlands defines drug abuse as a phenomenon to be punished rather than treated.

Question 52

The National Institute on Drug Abuse was established in 1984 as the federal office for research, treatment, and data collection on the nature of drug dependency.

Question 53

In 2016, the Trump administration requested $26 billion dollars for prevention, treatment, law enforcement and incarceration for 2018.

Question 54

The U.S. medical and public health community is strongly supportive of drug legalization.

Question 55

Opponents of drug legalization argue that drug users are more likely to engage in risky behaviors and criminal activity.

Question 56

Drug addiction is a treatable disorder with those who stay in treatment longer than three months having better outcomes than those who undergo shorter treatments.

Question 57

All employers of more than five employees are required by law to have drug-free workplace programs.

Question 58

Identify, compare and contrast two of the four sociological perspectives as to how they understand and explain the causes and solutions for drug and alcohol problems in the United States. Which of the perspectives that you selected do you find most useful in understanding this social problem and why?

Question 59

Explain the difference between legalization and decriminalization. Discuss the pros and cons of both. Where do you stand and why?

Question 60

Identify and briefly describe the two forms of individual treatment. Which treatment option is more effective?