Deck 2: Cardiovascular Medications

Question 1

Glyceryl trinitrate is administered by the following routes except:

A)Oral
B)Sublingual
C)Intramuscular
D)Intravenous

Answer 1

Intramuscular

Question 2

Myocardial Na⁺ channel blockade by lignocaine has the following characteristic:

A)It blocks inactivated Na⁺ channels more than activated channels
B)It blocks activated Na⁺ channels more than inactivated channels
C)It delays rate of recovery of Na⁺ channels
D)It produces more prominent blockade of atrial than ventricular Na⁺ channels

Answer 2

It blocks inactivated Na⁺ channels more than activated channels

Question 3

Hypothyroidism is a possible consequence of prolonged therapy with:

A)Amiodarone
B)Mexiletine
C)Sotalol
D)Procainamide

Answer 3

Amiodarone

Question 4

The following is true of procainamide except:

A)It generates an active metabolite in the body
B)Its plasma half-life is longer than that of quinidine
C)On long-term use, it can cause systemic lupus erythematosus like illness
D)It is effective in many cases of ventricular extrasystoles, not responding to lignocaine

Question 5

The most significant feature of the antiarrhythmic action of is:

A)Suppression of phase-4 depolarization in ventricular ectopic foci
B)Prolongation of action potential duration
C)Prolongation of effective refractory period
D)Depression of membrane responsiveness

Question 6

Quinidine is now used primarily for:

A)Conversion of atrial fibrillation to sinus rhythm
B)Control of ventricular rate in atrial flutter
C)Termination of ventricular tachycardia
D)Prevention of recurrences of atrial fibrillation/ ventricular tachycardia

Question 7

The following antiarrhythmic drug has the most prominent anticholinergic action:

A)Disopyramide
B)Quinidine
C)Procainamide
D)Lignocaine

Question 8

The following is not true about :

A)It blocks myocardial Na⁺ channels primarily in the open state
B)It has no effect on myocardial K⁺ channels
C)It produces frequency dependent blockade of myocardial Na⁺ channels
D)It delays recovery of myocardial Na⁺ channels

Question 9

Beneficial effect/effects of diuretics in CHF patients include the following:

A)Symptomatic relief
B)Regression of pathological changes
C)Prolongation of life expectancy
D)Both 'A' and 'C'

Question 10

Glyceryl trinitrate is used in CHF for:

A)Routine treatment of mild to moderate chronic heart failure
B)Rapid symptom relief in acute left ventricular failure
C)Arresting disease progression
D)Both 'A' and 'B'

Question 11

Vasodilators are used to treat:

A)Acute heart failure attending myocardial infarction
B)Chronic heart failure due to diastolic dysfunction
C)Chronic heart failure due to both systolic as well as diastolic dysfunction
D)All of the above

Question 12

Given drug is administered by the following routes except:

A)Oral
B)Sublingual
C)Intramuscular
D)Intravenous

Question 13

Which of the following drugs is most likely to accentuate varient (Prinzmetal) angina?

A)Propranolol
B)Atenolol
C)Verapamil
D)Dipyridamole

Question 14

The following antianginal drug is most likely to produce tachycardia as a side effect:

A)Amlodipine
B)Nifedipine
C)Diltiazem
D)Verapamil

Question 15

The cardiac response to verapamil and nifedipine in human subjects is:

A)Verapamil causes tachycardia while nifedipine causes bradycardia
B)Both cause bradycardia
C)Verapamil causes bradycardia while nifedipine causes tachycardia
D)Both cause tachycardia

Question 16

Propranolol should not be prescribed for a patient of angina pectoris who is already receiving:

A)Nifedipine
B)Felodipine
C)Verapamil
D)Isosorbide mononitrate

Question 17

Given drug is

A)Nifedipine
B)Felodipine
C)Verapamil
D)Isosorbide mononitrate

Question 18

The short acting dihydropyridine preparations can aggravate myocardial ischaemia by invoking:

A)Coronary vasospasm
B)Thrombus formation
C)Vagal activation
D)Reflex sympathetic discharge to the heart

Question 19

Which of the following drugs is a potassium channel opener?

A)Nicorandil
B)Hydralazine
C)Glibenclamide
D)Amiloride

Question 20

The characteristic feature(s) of dihydropyridine calcium channel blockers is/are:

A)They have minimal negative inotropic action on the heart
B)They have no effect on A-V conduction
C)They do not affect the activation-inactivation kinetics of the calcium channels
D)All of the above

Question 21

The dihydropyridines block the following type of calcium channels:

A)L-type voltage sensitive channels
B)T-type voltage sensitive channels
C)N-type voltage sensitive channels
D)Receptor operated calcium channels

Question 22

Select the drug which is a potassium channel opener as well as nitric oxide donor:

A)Diazoxide
B)Sodium nitroprusside
C)Minoxidil
D)Nicorandil

Question 23

Though nitrates and calcium channel blockers are both vasodilators, they are used concurrently in angina pectoris, because:

A)They antagonise each other's side effects
B)Nitrates primarily reduce preload while calcium channel blockers primarily reduce after-load
C)Nitrates increase coronary flow while calcium channel blockers reduce cardiac work
D)Both 'B' and 'C' are correct

Question 24

The most likely mechanism of antihypertensive action of thiazide diuretics in the long-term is:

A)Reduction of circulating blood volume
B)Reduction in cardiac output
C)Decreased sympathetic tone
D)Reduction in total peripheral vascular resistance and improved compliance of resistance Vessels

Question 25

Rapid intravenous injection of clonidine causes rise in BP due to:

A)Stimulation of vasomotor centre
B)Release of noradrenaline from adrenergic nerve endings
C)Agonistic action on vascular ?-agonists adrenergic receptors
D)Cardiac stimulation