Deck 9: Becoming a Parent

Question 1

Ursula chose to have her baby at home with a midwife.However,when Ursula was born her mother went to a hospital and does not remember anything about the birth.What changed during the two generations?

A)A switch from a medical event to childbirth as a natural event
B)A switch from a family centered event to a private family event
C)A switch from little technology to plentiful technology
D)A switch from few with health insurance to many with insurance

Answer 1

A

Question 2

________ is defined as the inability to get pregnant after one year of trying.

A)ART
B)Surrogacy
C)IVF
D)Infertility

Answer 2

D

Question 3

Which of the following best illustrates that the medicalization of childbirth continues today?

A)One-third of all babies are delivered by C-section.
B)Birth Centers have been closed down.
C)Midwifery is now illegal in the United States.
D)ART is no longer allowed.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which of the following statements about fertility in the United States is TRUE?

A)Between 1920 and today,fertility rates were highest in the 1970s.
B)U)S.fertility rates are lower than most other developed nations.
C)While Hispanics have the highest fertility rates,Native Americans/Alaska Natives have the lowest fertility rates.
D)In 1970,the average woman had her first child around age 26,but today she has her first child around age 31.

Question 5

Wong is doing research in a country with a contraceptive use rate below 25% and a general fertility rate of 7.What assumption can be made about this country?

A)It has a high mortality rate.
B)It is a developed nation.
C)It has a large number of immigrants.
D)It has a rapidly rising population.

Question 6

Which of the following statements accurately reflects the consequences of fathers' multiple partner fertility?

A)Preschoolers exhibited more behaviors such as difficulty concentrating and acting defiantly.
B)Multiple partner fertility parents are significantly more depressed than single partner parents.
C)Preschoolers have more physical health problems,such as asthma and diabetes.
D)The amount of father involvement made no significant difference in the health of the children.

Question 7

In addition to the fertility rate,the median age of a country also reflects its

A)mortality rate.
B)marriage rate.
C)divorce rate.
D)child evaluation rate.

Question 8

In 1820,in addition to the woman in labor,who would have been present at the birth of a child?

A)Mother,sister,midwife
B)Parents,husband,physician
C)Husband,physician
D)Husband,midwife

Question 9

An adoption where birth parents and adoptive parents exchange information from their social worker but have no direct contact is known as a(n)________ adoption.

A)open
B)semi-open
C)closed
D)semi-closed

Question 10

Economists refer to out-of-pocket expenses for children for things such as food,clothing,housing,and education as

A)direct financial costs.
B)opportunity costs.
C)related costs.
D)unrelated costs.

Question 11

Countries with ________ fertility rates tend to have _______ mortality rates.

A)higher; lower
B)average; higher
C)lower; lower
D)lower; average

Question 12

The average number of children born to a woman in her lifetime is called

A)the general fertility rate.
B)the total fertility rate.
C)the maternal fertility rate.
D)the crude fertility rate.

Question 13

The U.S.Department of Agriculture estimates that a typical middle-class,two-parent family will spend about ________ raising a child born today until the age of 18.

A)$128,000
B)$197,000
C)$234,000
D)$372,000

Question 14

Why do research studies tend to focus on the costs of having children rather than the rewards of parenthood?

A)There are few rewards associated with parenting.
B)The rewards of parenting are more difficult to measure than are the costs.
C)There are more rewards for raising boys,and more costs for raising girls.
D)Different ethnic groups rate costs and rewards differently.

Question 15

Which value is found in cultures that encourage couples to have children and believe that not having children is selfish?

A)Functionalism
B)Darwinism
C)Puerilism
D)Pronatalism

Question 16

Which of the following statements about those who are childfree is FALSE?

A)About 15% of women aged 40-44 are childfree.
B)Asian Americans are the racial/ethnic group most likely to be childfree.
C)About 30 percent of infertility is due to a male factor,30 percent is due to a female factor,and in the remainder,it is caused by a factor in both or is undetermined.
D)IVF is the most common type of ART

Question 17

Which of the following statements about adoption is TRUE?

A)A longitudinal study conducted over 20 years found that minority children placed in White homes often do not develop positive racial and ethnic identities,and they know little of their history and culture.
B)Single men are not allowed to legally adopt children under the age of 12.
C)The research finds that children growing up with same-sex parents are just as happy and well-adjusted as children with heterosexual parents.
D)The number of children adopted internationally was at an all-time high in 2009,but has since leveled off somewhat,except for an increase in the number of children adopted from Guatemala.

Question 18

Which country allowed couples to have only one child until recently?

A)Japan
B)China
C)Denmark
D)The United States

Question 19

Suzanna,who lives in Seattle,is due to have her second child in four weeks.Her doctor says everything looks fine,but suggests that she have a C-section since she had one with her first child.What should Suzanna know before she makes her decision?

A)The World Health Organization believes most C-sections are medically necessary.
B)C-sections improve infant and maternal mortality statistics and pose no risk to mother or child.
C)She will heal from childbirth faster with a C-section.
D)Her risk of uterine rupture is very small when having a natural delivery after a previous C?section.

Question 20

Fertility researchers Dr.Kua and Dr.Farrell have calculated that the average number of children born in their country is 2.5 per woman.Which statement accurately describes this result?

A)The crude fertility rate is greater than in most developed countries.
B)The crude fertility rate is at the replacement rate.
C)The general fertility rate is below the replacement rate.
D)The total fertility rate is greater than the replacement rate.

Question 21

In which country would a woman get the least amount of paid maternity leave?

A)Japan
B)France
C)The United States
D)Spain

Question 22

Which statement best reflects the relationship between income and the ability to use the Family Medical Leave Act (FMLA)?

A)Middle- and upper-class individuals are frequently ineligible because they earn too much money to qualify.
B)Since it is paid leave,lower-income workers use it disproportionately because it doesn't pay enough to match higher incomes.
C)Lower-income workers are frequently ineligible because of the minimum hour requirement.
D)All employees have equal opportunity to use FMLA to care for family members.

Question 23

Juanita and Miguel are both attorneys and are expecting their first child any day now.Juanita is planning on taking six weeks off from work and then she will work from home part-time for six weeks before going back to the office full-time.If typical,what can be expected?

A)Juanita will spend more time with the baby than Miguel,and she will do more than 50% of the housework and baby care.
B)Juanita will do almost all the housework and baby care in the first 12 weeks,but that will significantly change when she returns to work.
C)Miguel will do 50% of the baby care once Juanita returns to work full-time.
D)Miguel will do 50% of the housework once Juanita returns to work full-time.

Question 24

Travis and Autumn have a one-year-old daughter named Layla.How will Travis and Autumn's experience differ as parents?

A)Travis will experience more conflict between his roles of husband and father.
B)Travis will experience more conflict between his roles of man and husband.
C)Autumn will experience more conflict between her roles of woman and mother.
D)Autumn will experience more conflict between her roles of wife and mother. Consider This: Mother and father are social gender roles.

Question 25

Typically,parenthood ________ marriage.

A)reduces conflict in
B)reduces satisfaction in
C)does not change
D)Increases quality time in