Deck 15: The Analysis of Frequency Tables

Question 1

The binomial effect size display can be used to evaluate the __________ an observed result.

A) practical importance of
B) statistical significance of
C) statistical importance of
D) effect size associated with

Answer 1

A

Question 2

Which effect size index is used with the 1 df chi-square?

A) Fisher z
B) point biserial r
C) Cohen's d
D) phi coefficient

Answer 2

D

Question 3

What is the expected frequency in the right-hand upper cell of the following table? $$\begin{array} { | c | c | } \hline 4\quad\quad\quad & 2 \quad\quad\quad\\\hline 6 \quad\quad\quad& 8\quad\quad\quad \\\hline\end{array}$$

A) 4
B) 3
C) 7
D) 2

Answer 3

3

Question 4

A procedure for interpreting large tables of counts that involves computing additional chi-squares on portions of the overall table is referred to as

A) partitioning of tables.
B) standardizing the margins.
C) identifying unexpected cell values.
D) partitioning of effect sizes.

Question 5

How are the chi-square and the phi coefficient related?

Question 6

Stacy is interested in determining whether there is a relation between one's year in school (i.e., freshman, sophomore, junior, or senior) and whether one is participating in on-campus activities. Which statistical test should Stacy use?

A) Independent t test
B) Chi-square
C) F test
D) Correlated t test

Question 7

Linda wants to know whether there are equal numbers of men and women in the different majors at her college. Which statistic should Linda use to answer this question?

A) r
B) χ²
C) t
D) F

Question 8

While trying to interpret a 3 $\times$ 4 table of counts that yielded a significant chi-square value, Mark examines how much each individual cell entry contributed to the overall chi-square value. Mark is looking for __________ values under the premise that such values would be unexpected.

A) close to zero
B) small
C) equivalent
D) large

Question 9

The obtained chi-square value must be __________ the degrees of freedom before one can begin to doubt the null hypothesis.

A) smaller than
B) equal to
C) larger than
D) divided by

Question 10

One useful tool for evaluating the practical importance of an observed result is the

A) statistical significance test.
B) statistical power analysis.
C) binomial effect size display.
D) Type I vs. Type II ratio.

Question 11

What procedures could one use to interpret larger tables of counts that produced statistically significant chi-square values? How do these procedures help in the interpretation of the table of counts?

Question 12

What does a significant chi-square with more than 1 df indicate? What does it not indicate?

Question 13

Under what conditions would one use a chi-square rather than a t or F test to test the null hypothesis?

Question 14

John finds a significant chi-square value with 2 df. What should he do next?

A) Calculate the effect size.
B) Assess the effective power of the study.
C) Use a procedure for interpreting large tables of counts.
D) Determine the exact p-value associated with the chi-square value.

Question 15

The number of degrees of freedom associated with a chi-square based on a 2 × 3 table of counts is

A) 1.
B) 2.
C) 6.
D) Unable to determine without knowing N.

Question 16

Chi-square assesses the discrepancy between the observed frequencies and the __________ frequencies in a table of counts.

A) ideal
B) exact
C) expected
D) desired

Question 17

If one wanted to determine immediately whether an observed relation has occurred by chance or not, one could use all of the following statistics EXCEPT for

A) F
B) r
C) χ²
D) t

Question 18

Which of the following statistics is useful as a significance test for examining tables of counts?

A) r
B) t
C) χ²
D) F

Question 19

How does chi-square test the relation between two variables in a table of counts?

Question 20

The procedure in which one tries to set all the row totals equal to each other and all the column totals equal to each other in order to interpret a statistically significant chi-square with more than 1 df is called

A) partitioning of the tables.
B) identification of unexpected cell frequencies.
C) standardizing the margins.
D) equalization of the cell frequencies.

Question 21

What is the purpose of the binomial effect size display (BESD)? How does one construct and interpret a BESD?