Question 1

A patient's genetic studies reveal she is positive for both BRCA1 and BRCA2 mutations. The nurse prepares to care for a patient whose lifetime risk of developing breast cancer is _______%.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A patient's genetic studies reveal she is...

Question 2

A patient had a mastectomy with axillary node dissection and was told she has stage IV breast cancer. The nurse would expect surveillance of which body systems as the most likely areas for metastasis? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

Breast cancer commonly metastasizes to the bone, liver, brain, and lungs. Metastasis to the uterus is rare and not typically included in routine surveillance.

Question 3

A woman has undergone fine needle biopsy of a breast lump. Which statement would the nurse evaluate as indicating that the patient understands discharge teaching?

Accepted Answer

Going back to work after a fine needle biopsy is generally safe, provided the patient's job does not involve heavy lifting or physical strain. Option A is incorrect because the biopsy may or may not have removed all the cancerous cells. Option B is incorrect because massaging the breast may cause irritation or bleeding, which is not recommended after a biopsy. Option D is incorrect because there is always a risk of infection with any invasive procedure.

Question 4

A breastfeeding mother reports that one of her nipples is cracked and sore. She is concerned about developing infection in her breast. Which instruction should the nurse provide? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A) Expressing breast milk and rubbing it into the nipples after feeding helps soothe and protect the affected area.

D) Water-soluble lanolin is safe for both the baby and mother, and can help soothe and heal cracked nipples. Petroleum jelly, on the other hand, should be avoided as it may trap bacteria and increase the risk of infection. B and C are incorrect as there is no evidence to support the use of evening primrose oil and avoiding breastfeeding may lead to decreased milk supply and engorgement.

Question 5

A 21-year-old woman comes to the clinic seeking information about breast reduction surgery. What information should the nurse provide?

Accepted Answer

The nurse should inform the woman that breast reduction surgery may make it impossible to breastfeed children, as this is a significant concern for many women considering the procedure. The other options are incorrect. While scarring is a potential outcome of the surgery, it is not minimal and can be visible. Many women are satisfied with the results, and the surgery can be done under a range of circumstances, such as to alleviate physical pain or discomfort.

Question 6

A woman presents to the clinic with a breast mass. The nurse reviewing this patient's history identifies which finding as indicating the highest risk of the mass being malignant?

Accepted Answer

A family history of breast cancer, especially in first-degree relatives like a father, increases the risk of breast cancer. The other options (B, C, and D) do not have a direct correlation with increased risk of breast cancer.

Question 7

A patient has the nursing diagnosis Disturbed Body Image related to surgical excision of a benign breast mass. Which patient statement would the nurse evaluate as indicating that the goal of acceptance of body image has been achieved?

Accepted Answer

The patient's statement that the scar is not as red as expected indicates that she is beginning to accept her body image and the changes caused by the surgery. The other statements suggest some level of discomfort with the changes and may indicate a need for further support or intervention.

Question 8

A patient is undergoing diagnostic testing for a breast mass. Initial reports suggest that the mass is benign, but definitive results are not yet available. Which nursing diagnoses would the nurse consider when planning this patient's care? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

A patient undergoing diagnostic testing for a breast mass may experience fear of a possible cancer diagnosis or fear of the unknown. The patient may also experience decisional conflicts related to treatment options, as well as a disturbed body image due to the possibility of surgical intervention or the appearance of the breast. Additionally, the patient may have deficient knowledge regarding the diagnostic process and treatment options, which may need to be addressed through education and patient teaching. While altered tissue perfusion may be a potential complication of surgical intervention or radiation therapy, it is not directly related to the diagnostic testing process and thus would not be a priority nursing diagnosis at this time.

Question 9

A male patient has been diagnosed with breast cancer. The patient says, "How did this happen? I though breast cancer only occurred in women." The nurse would consider which assessment findings as risk factors for this man's condition? Note: Credit will be given only if all correct choices and no incorrect choices are selected.
Standard Text: Select all that apply.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A male patient has been diagnosed with...

Question 10

A patient who had breast augmentation surgery last year presents to the clinic and says, "My right breast is so hard all over." The nurse would assess for development of which likely condition?

Accepted Answer

Capsule contracture is the most likely condition when a patient reports hardening of the breast after augmentation. It occurs when the scar tissue that forms around the implant becomes excessively thick and contracts, causing the breast to feel hard and distorted. Infection, hemorrhage into the implant, and breast cancer are less likely causes of breast hardening after augmentation.

Question 11

The nurse has provided education to a woman who wishes to use exercise as a way to reduce her breast cancer risk. The nurse would evaluate that teaching has been effective when the woman says, "I am going to start walking for ________ minutes every day."

Accepted Answer

The answer of The nurse has provided education to a...

Question 12

During a community information session about breast cancer a participant says, "You hear about so many women with breast cancer now. Why is it so much more common?" Which nursing statement is indicated?

Accepted Answer

The answer of During a community information session about breast...

Question 13

A patient diagnosed with breast cancer wishes to have reconstruction surgery as soon as possible. Which information should the nurse reinforce?

Accepted Answer

The timing of reconstruction is a personal choice and ultimately up to the patient. The nurse should reinforce that the patient can discuss the options with their healthcare provider and make the decision that is best for them.

Question 14

The surgeon tells a family that the goal for their mother's surgery is a clean lumpectomy. How would the nurse interpret this statement for the family?

Accepted Answer

A clean lumpectomy means that the surgeon will be removing the tumor and a margin of healthy tissue around it to ensure that all cancer cells have been removed. The goal is to remove the tumor intact with margins that are free of cancer cells.

Quiz 44: Caring for the Patient With Breast Disorders