Question 1

Which of the following is NOT a common cause of vision loss?

Accepted Answer

While multiple sclerosis can cause vision problems, it is not a common cause of vision loss. The other answer choices are more commonly associated with vision loss. Diabetes can lead to diabetic retinopathy and premature birth can result in retinopathy of prematurity. Cytomegalovirus can cause congenital CMV and lead to vision impairment.

Question 2

You arrive at the scene of a vehicle-versus-pedestrian accident. At the scene, you find a 32-year-old man with an apparent mid-shaft femur fracture. As you introduce yourself, the man tells you that he is blind, and that a police officer took his guide dog a few minutes ago. Regarding the service dog, you should:

Accepted Answer

Guide dogs are essential for visually impaired individuals, and they can provide emotional support as well. It is critical to locate the guide dog and transport it with the patient to the hospital. By doing so, it will decrease the stress and anxiety of the individual and help him feel more secure.

Question 3

A 22-year-old man has fallen at a local park. He has Down syndrome, and is crying. Which of the following strategies may be helpful when caring for this patient?

Accepted Answer

Beginning with simple questions to assess the developmental level of the patient can help you determine how best to communicate with him. Individuals with Down syndrome often have cognitive delays, so speaking to him as you would to a young child (Option A) could be interpreted as disrespectful. It is important to include the patient in the conversation rather than directing all questions to the caregiver (Option C). Option D is not appropriate because the patient's cognitive and emotional abilities may differ from those of typical adults.

Question 4

Which of the following describes deafness?

Accepted Answer

Deafness is the inability to hear sounds.

Question 5

You arrive at the scene to find a patient who has fallen. She appears to be homeless. After introducing yourself, you begin to assess her. However, she states that she does not want your help because she cannot afford it. What would be an appropriate response?

Accepted Answer

It is important to acknowledge the patient's concern about the cost of medical treatment, but also stress the importance of receiving medical care when needed. Option A is not appropriate as it assumes the patient is covered by Medicare, which may not be the case. Option B may not be feasible as the patient may not want to leave the current location or may not be eligible for treatment at a public hospital. Option C may not be necessary as most EMS providers have protocols for helping patients who may face financial difficulties. Therefore, the best response is to assure the patient that the hospital can work with them to help cover the cost of medical treatment.

Question 6

A 34-year-old man is having trouble breathing. As you introduce yourself, his 7-year-old daughter tells you that he is deaf and communicates via American Sign Language. Which of the following is an appropriate means of communicating with this patient?

Accepted Answer

The daughter can serve as a translator, as she is familiar with her father's communication needs and can accurately convey his messages.

Question 7

What is enucleation?

Accepted Answer

Enucleation is the surgical removal of the eyeball.

Question 8

A school nurse has called EMS because an 8-year-old girl has a fever and is dehydrated. Just after your arrival, the girl's parents arrive. They calmly inform you that they do not believe in Western medicine, and that they will take the girl home to treat her. The child has an altered mental status and appears to be in serious condition. You should:

Accepted Answer

Implied consent allows for treatment to be provided when the patient is unable to give consent and there is an immediate threat to life or health.

Question 9

Which of the following best describes the etiology of cerebral palsy?

Accepted Answer

Cerebral palsy can be caused by a variety of factors including brain injury during childbirth, infections that affect brain development during pregnancy, and genetic abnormalities. While drug and alcohol abuse during pregnancy is a risk factor, it is not the only cause. Typhoid, head injury, and rubella may also cause brain damage, but these are not the primary causes of cerebral palsy.

Question 10

The inability of nerve impulses to reach the auditory center of the brain is called:

Accepted Answer

Sensorineural deafness is caused by damage to the hair cells of the inner ear or the auditory nerve, which prevents nerve impulses from reaching the auditory center of the brain. Audioneural deafness and cochlear imbalance are not recognized medical terms, and conductive deafness is caused by problems in the middle ear that prevent sound waves from being conducted to the inner ear.

Question 11

A 5-year-old girl has a high fever and cough. The girl's mother informs you that her daughter has leukemia and finished her most recent round of chemotherapy two days ago. She states that the girl is neutropenic. You recognize that:

Accepted Answer

Neutropenia is a serious condition in which there is a very low level of neutrophils (a type of white blood cell that fights infection) in the blood. This puts the patient at a high risk for infections, which can quickly progress to sepsis if not treated promptly. Neutropenic fevers can be caused by a variety of infections, not just pneumonia. A high fever and cough in a neutropenic patient should always be taken very seriously and prompt medical attention should be sought. Albuterol is not indicated for the treatment of neutropenic cough.

Question 12

Which of the following statements is accurate regarding the care for a child with spina bifida?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements is accurate...

Question 13

You are assisting with the transport of a bariatric patient who needs to be removed from her top-floor bedroom. Due to the patient's size and weight, multiple resources are being used to get the patient out through an upstairs window. Which of the following considerations should be a top priority in this scenario?

Accepted Answer

Protecting the patient's dignity throughout the process, ensuring her comfort and safety should be the top priority in this scenario. Bariatric patients often face significant discrimination and stigmatization, and it is key to treat them with the utmost respect and professionalism. Additionally, due to the significant physical demands of this operation, ensuring the patient's safety and comfort is paramount. While minimizing property damage and being efficient are important considerations, they should not supersede the need to prioritize the patient's well-being.

Question 14

An injury to which cervical vertebra(e) may prevent a person from breathing?

Accepted Answer

The answer of An injury to which cervical vertebra(e) may...

Question 15

You are about to transport a cancer patient who complains of dyspnea. She is hemodynamically stable and has a history of asthma. On assessment, you note that she has some diffuse wheezes. You are going to administer an albuterol treatment and your protocol states that you should start an IV when you give a breathing treatment. The patient says that she has very bad veins, but she has an implanted port under the skin of her left chest. What is the best course of action?

Accepted Answer

The answer of You are about to transport a cancer...

Question 16

A Muslim woman is ill and requires transport to the hospital. The patient's husband is refusing to allow the patient to be examined, as both members of the crew are male. The patient is quiet, but persistently agrees with her husband. How should you respond to this situation?

Accepted Answer

The priority is the patient's health and safety. Transporting her to the hospital without examination respects cultural sensitivities while ensuring she receives medical attention. Allowing the husband to accompany her may help alleviate their concerns.

Question 17

You have arrived on the scene of an injured person. The person has been identified by the police as having a hearing impairment. What is the best way to communicate with this person?

Accepted Answer

Using written words or pictures can effectively communicate with a person who has a hearing impairment. It is important to note that not all people with hearing impairments use hearing aids and speaking loudly may not be effective. While an American Sign Language interpreter may be helpful, it may not be practical or immediately available in all situations.

Question 18

A 22-year-old woman is a quadriplegic and requires transport to the hospital for wound on her leg. She is on a portable home ventilator. Which of the following is the best way to transport this patient?

Accepted Answer

The best way to transport the patient is to keep her on her home ventilator, as it is already set to her specific needs and minimizes the risk of complications during transport.

Question 19

You have responded to a report of an injured person. When you arrive, you find a 55-year-old woman who has fallen and sustained a small laceration to her forehead. She is holding a small dog and asks if she can bring it with her to the hospital. What is the most appropriate action to take regarding transport?

Accepted Answer

By asking if the dog is a service animal and what it is trained to do, you can determine if it is necessary for the dog to accompany the patient to the hospital. If the dog is a service animal, it must accompany the patient. If it is not, the patient will need to make arrangements for someone to care for the animal.

Question 20

What is the cause of conductive deafness?

Accepted Answer

Conductive deafness occurs when sound waves are unable to pass from the external ear to the middle or inner ear. This can be caused by any obstruction or damage to the outer or middle ear, such as a buildup of earwax or a perforated eardrum. Nerve damage, which is mentioned in option A, would actually cause sensorineural deafness.

Quiz 7: The Challenged Patient