In which of the congenital anomalies of the heart does the ductus arteriosus fail to close?

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The ductus arteriosus is a normal fetal structure that connects the pulmonary artery to the descending aorta, allowing most of the blood to bypass the lungs. In normal development, the ductus arteriosus closes shortly after birth to redirect blood flow to the lungs. Patent ductus arteriosus (PDA) is a congenital heart defect in which the ductus arteriosus fails to close properly. This results in abnormal blood flow between the pulmonary artery and the aorta, causing increased blood flow to the lungs and decreased blood flow to the rest of the body.

In Which of the Congenital Anomalies of the Heart Does