Question 1

Which of the following scenarios would likely lead to the development of compartment syndrome?
A) A crush injury to the lower leg
B) A loose-fitting cast that covers the thigh and leg
C) An excessive release of intracellular potassium
D) A tennis shoe that doesn't fit correctly

Accepted Answer

A crush injury to the lower leg can cause severe swelling and increased pressure within the compartment, leading to compartment syndrome.

Question 2

Infants and very small children (up to two years of age) should have their child safety seat positioned where in a car?
A) The front seating area, facing backward
B) The rear seating area, facing backward
C) The front seating area, facing frontward
D) The rear seating area, facing frontward

Accepted Answer

Infants and very small children (up to two years of age) should have their child safety seat positioned in the rear seating area, facing backward. This is because in the event of a sudden stop or crash, the child's head, neck, and spine are better supported by the back of the safety seat. Additionally, the back seat is safer for children because they are further away from the impact in a crash.

Question 3

Which of the following mechanisms in a motor vehicle collision would MOST likely result in a tear of the liver at the ligamentum teres?
A) Gradual deceleration
B) Sudden acceleration
C) Sudden deceleration
D) Gradual acceleration

Accepted Answer

Sudden deceleration is the most likely mechanism to result in a tear of the liver at the ligamentum teres because it causes the liver to move rapidly downward and to the right, causing tension at the ligamentum teres where the liver is anchored. Gradual deceleration or acceleration would not cause the sudden and forceful movement necessary to tear the liver at this location.

Question 4

The branch of physics dealing with objects in motion and energy exchanges that occur as these objects collide is called what?
A) Kinematics
B) Kinetics
C) Inertia
D) Force

Accepted Answer

The branch of physics dealing with objects in motion and energy exchanges that occur as these objects collide is called kinetics. Kinematics deals with describing motion without regard to the forces causing the motion. Inertia is the tendency of an object to resist changes in its motion, while force is a push or pull on an object.

Question 5

Frontal impacts in which the patient takes a "down-and-under" pathway typically result in which of the following injury patterns?
A) Traumatic brain injury
B) Hip and femur fractures
C) Rupture of the diaphragm
D) Rupture of hollow organs

Accepted Answer

In a "down-and-under" pathway, the lower extremities are pushed upward and inward towards the midline of the body, causing hip and femur fractures. Traumatic brain injury, rupture of the diaphragm, and rupture of hollow organs are more commonly associated with other types of impacts.

Question 6

When inspecting the interior of a vehicle involved in a frontal collision, you note that the dash panel beneath the steering wheel is broken. Which of the following injuries might this indicate?
A) Fracture of the acetabulum
B) Femur fracture
C) Knee injury
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

The answer of When inspecting the interior of a vehicle...

Question 7

Which of the following is TRUE of the injuries sustained by the elderly due to falls?
A) The injuries sustained by the elderly are less likely to result in hospitalization.
B) Only more significant falls cause fractures.
C) Less-significant falls may cause fractures.
D) The elderly sustain injuries similar to other age groups in comparable falls.

Accepted Answer

Less-significant falls may cause fractures in the elderly. While hospitalization may not always be required, fractures are a common injury sustained by the elderly due to falls. Option A is incorrect as hospitalization may be necessary and option B is incorrect as less-significant falls can cause fractures. Option D is incorrect as the injuries sustained by the elderly due to falls are often more serious compared to other age groups.

Question 8

Which of the following statements is NOT true of occupant ejection in motor vehicle collisions?
A) Ejection accounts for 27 percent of motor vehicle fatalities.
B) The number of occupant impacts increases with ejection.
C) Ejection has not been reported with lateral-impact collisions.
D) Ejection is most often associated with frontal-impact collisions.

Accepted Answer

Ejection can occur in any type of collision, including lateral-impact collisions, so statement C is incorrect. The other statements are true.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of recreational vehicles involved in crashes?
A) Snowmobiles
B) Jet skis
C) All-terrain vehicles
D) Go-karts

Accepted Answer

Go-karts are not typically classified among the major types of recreational vehicles involved in crashes when considering broader statistics and reports, which often focus on snowmobiles, jet skis, and all-terrain vehicles due to their widespread use and the environments in which they operate.

Question 10

Which of the following statements about the impact of motorcycle helmet usage is TRUE?
A) Helmet use moderately increases the incidence of cervical spine injury.
B) Helmet use moderately decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury.
C) Helmet use substantially decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury.
D) Helmet use neither increases nor decreases the incidence of cervical spine injury.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following statements about the...

Question 11

Which type of motor vehicle collision is most common in rural areas?
A) Frontal
B) Lateral
C) Rollover
D) Rear-end

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which type of motor vehicle collision is...

Question 12

Which of the following statements about lateral impact collisions is TRUE?
A) The substantial lateral crumple zone prevents most injuries.
B) Damage to the vehicle is a reliable indication of the seriousness of injuries.
C) The degree of injury may be greater than the damage alone would indicate.
D) Fatalities are rare because the upper extremities absorb the energy.

Accepted Answer

The degree of injury may be greater than the damage alone would indicate. This is because lateral impact collisions can cause the body to move sideways quickly, which can result in injuries to internal organs such as the brain or lungs, even if there is minimal damage to the vehicle. Therefore, it is important for medical professionals to perform a thorough assessment of the patient's injuries, rather than relying solely on the amount of damage to the vehicle.

Question 13

Which of the following injuries is associated with the tertiary phase of a blast?
A) Crush injuries
B) Barotrauma
C) Burns
D) Projectile injuries

Accepted Answer

Crush injuries are associated with the tertiary phase of a blast, which occurs when individuals are thrown by the blast wind and suffer trauma upon impact with other objects or the ground.

Question 14

Which of the following may result from aggressive ventilation of the blast patient?
A) Emboli
B) Pericardial tamponade
C) Hemorrhage
D) Acidosis

Accepted Answer

Aggressive ventilation can lead to excess pressure in the lungs, causing air to travel into the bloodstream and potentially form emboli that can block blood vessels and cause organ damage. Pericardial tamponade and hemorrhage are potential complications from blast injury, but not directly related to ventilation. Acidosis may also occur in blast patients, but is not unique to aggressive ventilation.

Question 15

When the driver's chest strikes the steering wheel during a motor vehicle collision, what produces the next injury?
A) The air bag deploys a second time.
B) The steering column shears off, causing penetrating trauma.
C) Unsecured objects in the vehicle become projectiles.
D) The heart continues its forward motion until it strikes the chest wall.

Accepted Answer

When the driver's chest strikes the steering wheel during a motor vehicle collision, the heart continues its forward motion until it strikes the chest wall, resulting in blunt force trauma to the heart. This can cause various injuries such as cardiac contusion, rupture of the heart, or damage to the heart's electrical system. The airbag, steering column, or unsecured objects may also cause additional injuries, but the primary injury is caused by the heart's forward motion.

Question 16

You have responded to a soccer field on which two 13-year-olds have collided during a game. Which of the following findings in either patient requires ambulance transport for further evaluation in the emergency department?
A) Weakness in the upper extremities
B) Complaint of "getting the wind knocked out of me"
C) Contusion to the thigh
D) Minor epistaxis

Accepted Answer

Weakness in the upper extremities may indicate a severe head or spinal injury and requires further evaluation in the emergency department. The other findings can be managed on-site or can wait for a non-urgent medical evaluation.

Question 17

A vehicle is struck in its right front as it passes through an intersection, resulting in an oblique impact. Which of the passengers is subjected to the greatest acceleration forces?
A) The right-rear passenger
B) The left-rear passenger
C) The front-seat passenger
D) The driver

Accepted Answer

The answer of A vehicle is struck in its right...

Question 18

Which of the following mechanisms may result in a conventional explosion?
A) Fumes
B) Dust
C) Natural gas
D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

Conventional explosions can occur due to the ignition of fumes, dust, or flammable gases like natural gas. Therefore, all of the above mechanisms can result in a conventional explosion.

Question 19

Which of the following mechanisms is most consistent with fractured vertebrae from a rapid lateral twisting motion?
A) Direct trauma, such as from a blow to the head
B) Low-velocity penetrating trauma from an ice pick
C) High-velocity penetrating trauma from a gunshot wound
D) Lateral-impact motor vehicle collision

Accepted Answer

Fractured vertebrae from a rapid lateral twisting motion is most consistent with lateral-impact motor vehicle collision, as the side-to-side motion can cause twisting and compression forces on the spine, resulting in fractures. The other choices involve direct or penetrating trauma, which would not lead to the same type of injury pattern.

Question 20

Which of the following is TRUE of supplemental restraint systems?
A) They may deploy during rescue operations, injuring the patient and/or EMS personnel.
B) When worn incorrectly, they may cause spinal injury or decapitation.
C) They guard against thoracic impact with the steering wheel.
D) They are primarily useful in preventing injury to infants and children riding in the front seat.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Which of the following is TRUE of...

Quiz 4: Trauma and Trauma Systems

Which of the following scenarios would likely lead to the development of compartment syndrome?

Infants and very small children (up to two years of age) should have their child safety seat positioned where in a car?

Which of the following mechanisms in a motor vehicle collision would MOST likely result in a tear of the liver at the ligamentum teres?

The branch of physics dealing with objects in motion and energy exchanges that occur as these objects collide is called what?

Frontal impacts in which the patient takes a "down-and-under" pathway typically result in which of the following injury patterns?

When inspecting the interior of a vehicle involved in a frontal collision, you note that the dash panel beneath the steering wheel is broken. Which of the following injuries might this indicate?

Which of the following is TRUE of the injuries sustained by the elderly due to falls?

Which of the following statements is NOT true of occupant ejection in motor vehicle collisions?

Which of the following is NOT one of the major types of recreational vehicles involved in crashes?

Which of the following statements about the impact of motorcycle helmet usage is TRUE?

Which type of motor vehicle collision is most common in rural areas?

Which of the following statements about lateral impact collisions is TRUE?

Which of the following injuries is associated with the tertiary phase of a blast?

Which of the following may result from aggressive ventilation of the blast patient?

When the driver's chest strikes the steering wheel during a motor vehicle collision, what produces the next injury?

You have responded to a soccer field on which two 13-year-olds have collided during a game. Which of the following findings in either patient requires ambulance transport for further evaluation in the emergency department?

A vehicle is struck in its right front as it passes through an intersection, resulting in an oblique impact. Which of the passengers is subjected to the greatest acceleration forces?

Which of the following mechanisms may result in a conventional explosion?

Which of the following mechanisms is most consistent with fractured vertebrae from a rapid lateral twisting motion?

Which of the following is TRUE of supplemental restraint systems?