Question 1

Physical restraints deployed by EMS should be:

Accepted Answer

Soft restraints, such as wrist or ankle restraints, are the safest option for EMS to use when physical restraint is necessary. Hard restraints (such as leather or metal) can cause injury to the patient and can be difficult to remove quickly in an emergency. Handcuffs should only be used by law enforcement for restraint and not by EMS unless directed to do so by law enforcement. Additionally, EMS should only use physical restraints when absolutely necessary and as a last resort to protect the patient from harm and ensure safety for the healthcare providers.

Question 2

The "bony labyrinth" protects the:

Accepted Answer

The bony labyrinth is a set of passages in the inner ear that includes the cochlea, vestibule, and semicircular canals. This structure is responsible for both hearing and balance, containing the delicate sensory organs that transmit information to the brain. The bony labyrinth provides a protective shell around these vital structures, shielding them from damage or injury. Therefore, the correct answer is D) inner ear.

Question 3

If left untreated, glaucoma can lead to what?

Accepted Answer

Glaucoma is a condition that damages the optic nerve, which can lead to gradual vision loss and ultimately blindness if left untreated.

Question 4

What are the three tiny bones located in the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

The three tiny bones located in the middle ear are known as ossicles. The pinnas are the visible outer part of the ear and are not located in the middle ear, while cerumen is earwax and not a bone. Cochleae are spiral-shaped structures located in the inner ear and are not part of the middle ear.

Question 5

Light passes to the eye through what opening?

Accepted Answer

Light passes through the cornea, which is the clear outer layer of the eye, before reaching the lens and ultimately the retina at the back of the eye. The iris is the colored part of the eye that controls the size of the pupil (the opening in the center of the iris), and the eyeball refers to the entire globe-shaped structure that houses the various parts of the eye.

Question 6

All of the following are symptoms of otitis media EXCEPT:

Accepted Answer

Otitis media is an infection or inflammation of the middle ear, and the common symptoms include pain, pressure, fever. Sinus infection is not a symptom of otitis media.

Question 7

Ideally, a minimum of how many people should be used to restrain a patient?

Accepted Answer

The answer of Ideally, a minimum of how many people...

Question 8

A patient complaining of eye pain informs you that he was diagnosed with a corneal abrasion three days ago. He called 911 today because the discomfort has not yet gone away and he desires medical attention. Based on this information, which of the following is TRUE?

Accepted Answer

A corneal abrasion is a scratch or injury to the cornea, which is the transparent structure that covers the pupil. This can cause significant pain and discomfort, and may require medical attention. The other options listed are not relevant to a corneal abrasion.

Question 9

Which of the following is NOT a bone of the middle ear?

Accepted Answer

Cochlea is not a bone of the middle ear, but rather a part of the inner ear involved in hearing. The malleus, incus, and stapes are the three bones of the middle ear, also known as the ossicles.

Question 10

A frantic mother dialed 911 for her three-year-old daughter, who stuck a small dried bean into her ear. Assessment shows the bean to be lodged firmly in the ear canal. When treating this patient, the paramedic would (Select all that apply):

Accepted Answer

The answer of A frantic mother dialed 911 for her...

Question 11

The ________ of the eye controls the size of the pupil.

Accepted Answer

The iris is the colored part of the eye that surrounds the pupil and controls its size. The lens is behind the iris and focuses light onto the retina. The eyelid is a protective covering that can open and close, while the cornea is the transparent outer layer of the eye.

Question 12

A chronic disease of the inner ear marked by a recurring syndrome of vertigo, dizziness, and progressive hearing loss is called:

Accepted Answer

The recurring syndrome of vertigo, dizziness, and progressive hearing loss are hallmark symptoms of Ménière's disease. Cholesteatoma is a growth in the middle ear, otosclerosis is abnormal bone growth in the middle ear, and mastoiditis is an infection of the air cells in the mastoid bone.

Question 13

Which of the following is NOT associated with the retina?

Accepted Answer

The lens is not part of the retina, but rather a separate structure that helps to focus light onto the retina. The other three choices are all associated with the retina. Photopigments are molecules in the rods and cones that help to absorb light and initiate the process of vision. Rods and cones are the two main types of photoreceptor cells in the retina, which are responsible for detecting light and transmitting visual information to the brain.

Question 14

A defect of the ________ results in difficulty in visual detection of color and bright light.

Accepted Answer

Cones are responsible for detecting color and bright light, so a defect in them would result in difficulty in visual detection of color and bright light. The lens helps to focus light onto the retina, and rods are responsible for detecting low light levels and movement.

Question 15

The external ear ends at the:

Accepted Answer

The external ear includes the auricle (pinna) and the external auditory canal, but it ends at the tympanic membrane (eardrum), which separates the external ear from the middle ear. The tragus is a small, cartilaginous projection on the ear that is part of the auricle, but it is not the boundary of the external ear. Therefore, the best choice is C.

Question 16

An inflammation of the membrane covering and protecting the exposed surface of the eye results in:

Accepted Answer

Conjunctivitis, also known as pink eye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, which is the membrane covering the white part of the eye and the inside of the eyelids. It can be caused by viral or bacterial infections, allergies, or irritants. Symptoms include redness, tearing, itching, and discharge.

Question 17

The sensor receptive cells in the retina that function best in dim light and do not perceive color is/are the:

Accepted Answer

The cells in the retina that function best in dim light and do not perceive color are called rods. The iris is a part of the eye that regulates the amount of light entering the eye. Cones are the receptor cells that are responsible for color vision and work best under bright light conditions. The pupil is the opening in the center of the iris through which light enters the eye.

Question 18

Swimmer's ear is also known as:

Accepted Answer

Swimmer's ear is a condition that affects the outer ear canal, causing inflammation and pain. This condition is known as otitis externa because it affects the external part of the ear. Otitis media refers to inflammation of the middle ear, while otitis interna refers to inflammation of the inner ear. Therefore, the correct answer is B) otitis externa.

Question 19

The ________ contain sensors that detect rotation of the head.

Accepted Answer

The semicircular canals contain sensors (hair cells) that detect rotational movements of the head, contributing to our sense of balance and orientation. The vestibule contains sensors that detect linear movements and changes in head position, while the incus is one of the three small bones in the middle ear that help transmit sound vibrations to the inner ear. The cochlea is the spiral-shaped structure in the inner ear that is responsible for hearing.

Question 20

Which of the following structures in the inner ear is the organ of hearing?

Accepted Answer

The cochlea is the structure in the inner ear that is responsible for hearing. It contains hair cells that detect sound waves and transmit them to the brain via the auditory nerve. The semicircular canals and vestibule are responsible for detecting balance and orientation. The bony labyrinth is the bony structure that encases the inner ear.

Quiz 3: Pulmonology