In an Experiment,a Researcher Raises Mice Under Completely Germfree Conditions

In an experiment,a researcher raises mice under completely germfree conditions so that colonization of their intestine with commensal bacteria cannot occur.In comparison with a conventionally raised animal,the concentration of which of the following would be expected to be increased in the colonic contents of such mice?

A) Butyrate
B) Taurochenodeoxycholic acid
C) Unconjugated bilirubin
D) Immunoglobulin A (IgA)
E) Lithocholic acid