Question 1

The view that whatever I perceive is merely one of my perceptions or a collection of them is known as
A) Subjective idealism
B) Objective idealism
C) Subjective materialism
D) Objective materialism

Accepted Answer

The view that whatever I perceive is merely one of my perceptions or a collection of them is known as subjective idealism. This means that reality is created by my subjective experiences and perceptions, rather than existing independently of them. Objective idealism, on the other hand, holds that reality exists but is fundamentally mental or spiritual in nature. Subjective and objective materialism both reject the idea of subjective idealism and maintain that reality is material or physical in nature.

Question 2

Thomas Hobbes endorses
A) Libertarianism
B) Compatibilism
C) Determinism
D) Existentialism

Accepted Answer

B

Question 3

The neutrino has no mass, no electric charge, and no magnetic field.

Accepted Answer

True

Question 4

Newton believed that all material bodies in the universe were governed by universal laws of nature.

Accepted Answer

This is one of the fundamental principles of Newtonian physics.

Question 5

Which view is the heir of pragmatism and idealism?
A) Materialism
B) Irrealism
C) Antirealism
D) Immaterialism

Accepted Answer

Pragmatism and idealism are both philosophical views that prioritize the practical consequences of beliefs and values. Antirealism similarly challenges the idea that there is a fixed, objective reality independent of human perception and interpretation. Therefore, antirealism can be seen as the heir of pragmatism and idealism. Materialism, on the other hand, emphasizes the importance of matter and physical processes, while immaterialism emphasizes the existence of non-physical entities or ideas. Irrealism denies the existence of objective reality altogether. None of these views align as closely with pragmatism and idealism as antirealism.

Question 6

Who was also known as the Lokyata?
A) The Buddhists
B) The Hindus
C) The Charvakas
D) The Augustinians

Accepted Answer

The Charvakas, an ancient Indian school of philosophy, were also known as the Lokyata, which means "materialists" or "skeptics". They rejected religious and metaphysical beliefs, and instead emphasized the importance of empirical evidence and personal experience in understanding the world.

Question 7

Hobbes believed that there was more to the Universe than measureable mater.

Accepted Answer

Hobbes was a materialist, meaning he believed that everything in the universe, including thoughts and consciousness, could be explained in terms of matter and motion.

Question 8

St. Augustine found it difficult to believe that spirits were real.

Accepted Answer

St. Augustine believed in the existence of spiritual beings, including God, angels, and demons.

Question 9

Dewey believed that philosophy arose out of people's struggles to deal with social and political problems.

Accepted Answer

Dewey believed that philosophy should not remain abstract and disconnected from practical problems faced by individuals and society. He emphasized the importance of philosophy in guiding people to find solutions to social and political issues.

Question 10

Heidegger was influenced by which view?
A) James' pragmatism
B) Ayer's positivism
C) Husserl's phenomenology
D) Descartes' skepticism

Accepted Answer

Heidegger was heavily influenced by Husserl's phenomenology, which aimed to describe the essence of conscious experience and the structures of consciousness. Heidegger built on this foundation to develop his own philosophy of Being, which sought to understand the fundamental nature of existence and our relationship to it.

Question 11

Vasubandhu claimed that we directly perceive the objects in the world around us.

Accepted Answer

Vasubandhu believed in the concept of "store consciousness" (alayavijnana), which holds that our perceptions are not direct, but mediated by mental images or representations.

Question 12

Hobbes believed that our mental states are states of our brain.

Accepted Answer

Hobbes was a materialist philosopher who believed that all mental states, including thoughts, emotions, and perceptions, are simply states of the brain. He rejected the idea of a non-physical soul or mind.

Question 13

Charles S. Pierce was concerned with the psychological effects of ideas.

Accepted Answer

Charles S. Peirce was primarily concerned with the logical and philosophical underpinnings of signs and symbols, their interpretation, and the process of inquiry, rather than the psychological effects of ideas.

Question 14

Which pragmatist was concerned with the logical implications of ideas?
A) John Dewey
B) C.S. Pierce
C) William James
D) Elmer Sprague

Accepted Answer

C.S. Pierce was particularly interested in the logical implications of ideas and is widely considered the father of Pragmatism. While John Dewey and William James also contributed significantly to the development of Pragmatism, their focus was more on practical applications of ideas and the scientific method, respectively. Elmer Sprague is not a well-known figure in the history of Pragmatism.

Question 15

Hobbes believed that
A) Only matter is real
B) Only spirit is real
C) The world is composed of both matter and spirit
D) The world cannot be known

Accepted Answer

Hobbes was a materialist, meaning he believed that the only thing that exists is matter and that everything, including thoughts and consciousness, can be explained in terms of matter and physical phenomena.

Question 16

Sartre endorses
A) Libertarianism
B) Determinism
C) LaPlacianism
D) Psychologism

Accepted Answer

Sartre endorses libertarianism, particularly in the context of existentialism, which emphasizes freedom of choice and personal responsibility. He believed that individuals have the freedom to make their own choices and to define their own existence, rejecting deterministic views that human actions are pre-determined by external factors or internal psychological mechanisms.

Question 17

A) J. Ayer believed that there were only two kinds of meaningful statements:
A) Relations of ideas and statements of fact
B) Relations of ideas and tautologies
C) Empirical hypotheses and statements of fact
D) Relations of fact and statements of ideas

Accepted Answer

J. Ayer's position was that meaningful statements fell into one of two categories: statements that are true by definition (relations of ideas), such as mathematical propositions, and statements that describe empirical facts about the world (statements of fact), such as "the sun rises in the east."

Question 18

The Charvaka philosophers were spiritualists.

Accepted Answer

The Charvaka philosophy, also known as Lokayata, was a materialistic philosophy in ancient India that rejected the existence of soul, afterlife, and any supernatural concepts. They believed that only the physical world was real, and one should seek happiness and pleasure in the present life. Therefore, they were not spiritualists.

Question 19

Husserl believed that Europe had inherited rational certainty from the Greeks.

Accepted Answer

Husserl argued that the Greek tradition of philosophy, especially the emphasis on rationality and logical analysis, was a key influence on the development of European philosophy, and that this tradition had led to a certain confidence in the power of reason and the ability to know things with certainty.

Question 20

Who is best known for writing of our own human being in the world, our Dasein?
A) James
B) Husserl
C) Heidegger
D) Plato

Accepted Answer

Heidegger is best known for his work on Dasein, which is his term for human being in the world. He developed the concept of Dasein as a way to understand the unique way in which humans exist and interact with the world around them. Heidegger's work on Dasein is a cornerstone of existentialist philosophy.

Quiz 3: Reality and Being

The view that whatever I perceive is merely one of my perceptions or a collection of them is known as

Thomas Hobbes endorses

The neutrino has no mass, no electric charge, and no magnetic field.

Newton believed that all material bodies in the universe were governed by universal laws of nature.

Which view is the heir of pragmatism and idealism?

Who was also known as the Lokyata?

Hobbes believed that there was more to the Universe than measureable mater.

St. Augustine found it difficult to believe that spirits were real.

Dewey believed that philosophy arose out of people's struggles to deal with social and political problems.

Heidegger was influenced by which view?

Vasubandhu claimed that we directly perceive the objects in the world around us.

Hobbes believed that our mental states are states of our brain.

Charles S. Pierce was concerned with the psychological effects of ideas.

Which pragmatist was concerned with the logical implications of ideas?

Hobbes believed that

Sartre endorses

A) J. Ayer believed that there were only two kinds of meaningful statements:

The Charvaka philosophers were spiritualists.

Husserl believed that Europe had inherited rational certainty from the Greeks.

Who is best known for writing of our own human being in the world, our Dasein?