Question 1

In a terminating simulation the simulation could theoretically go on indefinitely.

Accepted Answer

In a terminating simulation, there is a stopping condition that will eventually be met, leading to the simulation ending. Therefore, it cannot go on indefinitely.

Question 2

Which statement does not accurately describe simulation?
A)Enables decision makers to conduct experiments
B)Involves developing models of processes
C)Alternatives are considered based on the what-if approach
D)Determines optimal solutions
E)Is a descriptive technique that does not produce a solution per se

Accepted Answer

While simulation can provide decision makers with insights into optimal solutions, it does not necessarily determine the optimal solution. Other factors such as cost, feasibility, and risk may also need to be considered before a final decision is made.

Question 3

On cold mornings,the probability that David's car won't start is .22.When it doesn't start,he takes the bus and is late for work.When it does start,he drives to work on the freeway.Sixty-five percent of the time the freeway is clear,and he gets to work on time.The rest of the time he is late.Simulate 10 consecutive days' worth of trips to work using the random numbers given.Use the lower numbers in each string to represent "car won't start" and "freeway clear".
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Accepted Answer

The answer of On cold mornings,the probability that David's car...

Question 4

Which of the following is not a reason for simulation's popularity?
A)It is simple to use and/or understand.
B)Extensive software packages are available.
C)Many situations are too complex for mathematical solutions.
D)It can be used for a wide range of applications.
E)It simplifies the design of operational processes.

Accepted Answer

Simulation does not simplify the design of operational processes, rather it helps to analyze and optimize them.

Question 5

An analyst wants to simulate observations from a Normal distribution that has a mean of 41 and a standard deviation of 3.The analyst draws a random number from a normally distributed table of random numbers.The random number is -2.00.The simulated value is:
A)31
B)35
C)38
D)41
E)43

Accepted Answer

The answer of An analyst wants to simulate observations from...

Question 6

A Uniform distribution has end points of 450 and 500,which represent the time limits for a production operation.A manager wants to simulate two times from this distribution,and has obtained the numbers 44 and 10 from a two-digit random number table.Respectively,the two simulated times are:
A)460 and 494.
B)472 and 455.
C)455 and 472.
D)494 and 460.

Accepted Answer

The answer of A Uniform distribution has end points of...

Question 7

Natural logarithms are used in simulating the:
A)binomial distribution.
B)exponential distribution.
C)normal distribution.
D)Poisson distribution.
E)uniform distribution.

Accepted Answer

Natural logarithms are used in simulating the exponential distribution, which is known for its constant hazard rate and commonly used to model time to failure or waiting times.

Question 8

A student wants to simulate rainy and sunny days in her town for a three-week period.What is the minimum number of digits the student must obtain from a random number table for each observation,if it rained on two-fifths of the days over the past several years at this time of the year? Assume that days can be classified historically as either sunny or rainy.
A)1
B)2
C)3
D)4
E)5

Accepted Answer

Since it rained on two-fifths of the days, the probability of rain is 0.4. This can be represented with a single digit: 0, 1, 2, or 3 for rain, and 4-9 for sunny, using a random number table.

Question 9

An analyst wants to simulate observations from a Uniform distribution that has a lower limit of 60 minutes and an upper limit of 80 minutes.The analyst draws the random number 75 from a two-digit random number table.In terms of this uniform distribution,this is equivalent to a simulated value of:
A)61
B)65
C)70
D)75
E)80

Accepted Answer

Since the analyst wants to simulate observations from a Uniform distribution with lower limit of 60 and upper limit of 80, the random number 75 is within this range and can be used as the simulated value. Therefore, the answer is D) 75.

Question 10

Dofasco managers used the Arena simulation model to determine if relatively small expenditures would result in productiv?ity improvements,

Accepted Answer

The sentence clearly states that Dofasco managers used the Arena simulation model to determine productivity improvements with small expenditures.

Question 11

Which of the following words does not characterize Monte Carlo?
A)Random
B)Chance
C)Sampling
D)Probabilistic
E)Deterministic

Accepted Answer

Monte Carlo methods are characterized by randomness, chance, sampling, and probabilistic outcomes. The term deterministic implies a lack of randomness and chance, which is the opposite of what Monte Carlo represents. Therefore, E is the correct answer as it does not characterize Monte Carlo.

Question 12

What term is used when seeking the best alternative for decision variables based on some measure of performance?
A)maximization
B)best-case
C)optimization
D)goal seek
E)testing

Accepted Answer

The term used for seeking the best alternative for decision variables based on some measure of performance is optimization. It is the process of finding the best solution among all feasible solutions that maximizes or minimizes a given objective function. Therefore, option C is the correct answer.

Question 13

Simulation is basically a technique which is used for:
A)optimizing.
B)testing solutions.
C)cost minimizing.
D)using random numbers.
E)heuristic problem solving.

Accepted Answer

Simulation is primarily used for testing solutions, either to real-world problems or to hypothetical situations. It allows for experimentation in a controlled environment, without the potential risks and costs of implementing a new solution directly in the real world. While optimization, cost minimization, using random numbers, and heuristic problem solving may all be possible outcomes of simulation, they are not the primary purposes of the technique.

Question 14

Customers arrive at a retail store at an average rate of five per hour.The time between arrivals can be described by an Exponential distribution.Assuming a customer has just arrived (time = 12:00 pm),find the arrival time for next two customers.Using the following random digits (left to right): 27,05
A)12:16 PM.and 12:36 PM
B)12:27 PM and 12:32 PM
C)12:05 PM and 12:27 PM
D)12:32 PM and 12:59 PM

Accepted Answer

The time between arrivals follows an Exponential distribution with a rate parameter of λ=5 customers per hour. We can use the formula for the Exponential distribution to find the probability density function:

f(x) = λe^(-λx)

where x is the time between arrivals. We can use this probability density function to find the cumulative distribution function (CDF):

F(x) = 1 - e^(-λx)

The CDF gives us the probability that the time between arrivals is less than or equal to x. We can use this to generate random arrival times using the given random digits:

First customer: Time = 12:00 pm (given)
Second customer: 
Using random digits 27, we have:
U = 0.27 (reading digits in pairs and dividing by 100)
F(x) = 1 - e^(-5x)
0.27 = 1 - e^(-5x)
e^(-5x) = 0.73
-5x = ln(0.73)
x ≈ 0.16 (in hours)
So, the arrival time of the second customer is 12:00 pm + 0.16 hours = 12:16 pm.

Third customer: 
Using random digits 05, we have:
U = 0.05
F(x) = 1 - e^(-5x)
0.05 = 1 - e^(-5x)
e^(-5x) = 0.95
-5x = ln(0.95)
x ≈ 0.36 (in hours)
So, the arrival time of the third customer is 12:16 pm + 0.36 hours = 12:36 pm.

Therefore, the answer is A)12:16 PM and 12:36 PM

Question 15

A Normal distribution has a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 50.A manager wants to simulate two values from this distribution,and has drawn these random numbers: -0.60 and +1.40.Respectively,the two values are:
A)640 and 440.
B)470 and 570.
C)570 and 470.
D)440 and 640.

Accepted Answer

To simulate values from a normal distribution, you use the formula: simulated value = mean + (random number * standard deviation). For the first value: 500 + (-0.60 * 50) = 470. For the second value: 500 + (1.40 * 50) = 570.

Question 16

The number of machine breakdowns per day in a large factory can be described by a Poisson distribution with a mean of 2.0.Simulate the number of breakdowns over a five-day period,using these random numbers:
 11eab92b_c472_eddf_99e6_ad3905d06028

Accepted Answer

The answer of The number of machine breakdowns per day...

Question 17

An item of inventory is checked at the end of each hour.Given the following data:
 11eab92b_c472_c6cc_99e6_d36a9cd97489

Accepted Answer

The answer of An item of inventory is checked at...

Question 18

Monte Carlo simulation is always associated with:
A)computers.
B)multiple-decision criteria.
C)gambling.
D)chance or random components.
E)a town in southern Italy.

Accepted Answer

Monte Carlo simulation is a statistical technique that relies on random sampling and chance to model and analyze complex systems or processes.

Question 19

The random numbers used in Monte Carlo simulations come from:
A)any source
B)a table of sequential numbers
C)sequential numbers after the simulation has been run once.
D)computer generated numbers
E)specifically selected random numbers based on sample size.

Accepted Answer

The random numbers used in Monte Carlo simulations are typically generated by a computer, using a pseudorandom number generator. These generators use algorithms to produce a sequence of numbers that appear random, but are actually deterministic. Using a computer-generated random number generator ensures that the numbers used in the simulation are truly random and independent, which is essential for accurate results.

Question 20

The second step in the simulation process is to:
A)run the simulation.
B)develop the simulation experiment(s).
C)test the simulation model.
D)develop the simulation model.
E)identify the problem and set objectives.

Accepted Answer

The second step in the simulation process is to develop the simulation model. This involves creating a mathematical or computational representation of the system being studied. Only after the model is developed can it be tested and experimented with, and ultimately run as a simulation.

Quiz 26: Simulation

In a terminating simulation the simulation could theoretically go on indefinitely.

Which statement does not accurately describe simulation?

Which of the following is not a reason for simulation's popularity?

An analyst wants to simulate observations from a Normal distribution that has a mean of 41 and a standard deviation of 3.The analyst draws a random number from a normally distributed table of random numbers.The random number is -2.00.The simulated value is:

A Uniform distribution has end points of 450 and 500,which represent the time limits for a production operation.A manager wants to simulate two times from this distribution,and has obtained the numbers 44 and 10 from a two-digit random number table.Respectively,the two simulated times are:

Natural logarithms are used in simulating the:

An analyst wants to simulate observations from a Uniform distribution that has a lower limit of 60 minutes and an upper limit of 80 minutes.The analyst draws the random number 75 from a two-digit random number table.In terms of this uniform distribution,this is equivalent to a simulated value of:

Dofasco managers used the Arena simulation model to determine if relatively small expenditures would result in productiv?ity improvements,

Which of the following words does not characterize Monte Carlo?

What term is used when seeking the best alternative for decision variables based on some measure of performance?

Simulation is basically a technique which is used for:

A Normal distribution has a mean of 500 and a standard deviation of 50.A manager wants to simulate two values from this distribution,and has drawn these random numbers: -0.60 and +1.40.Respectively,the two values are:

The number of machine breakdowns per day in a large factory can be described by a Poisson distribution with a mean of 2.0.Simulate the number of breakdowns over a five-day period,using these random numbers: 11eab92b_c472_eddf_99e6_ad3905d06028

An item of inventory is checked at the end of each hour.Given the following data: 11eab92b_c472_c6cc_99e6_d36a9cd97489

Monte Carlo simulation is always associated with:

The random numbers used in Monte Carlo simulations come from:

The second step in the simulation process is to: