Question 1

Research studies that in some way unintentionally communicate the results the researcher expects are said to reflect:

Accepted Answer

Demand characteristics refer to cues or signals in a study that suggest to participants what behavior is expected or desired by the researcher, potentially influencing the participants' responses to align with these expectations.

Question 2

What method do psychologists use to analyze study data?

Accepted Answer

Psychologists use statistical analysis to interpret study data, which allows them to determine if their results are significant and if they can generalize their findings to the broader population.

Question 3

What statistic is used to describe the relationship between two or more variables?

Accepted Answer

The answer of What statistic is used to describe the...

Question 4

In an industrial psychology experiment, one group of participants is exposed to heat stress; another is not. All participants' performance on a manual dexterity task is then examined. Which set below contains equivalent items?

Accepted Answer

The independent variable is heat stress, the experimental group is the group exposed to heat stress, and the heat stress group is the group that was exposed to the independent variable. This set accurately represents the experiment described in the scenario.

Question 5

Which of the following research methods is CORRECTLY matched with an advantage?

Accepted Answer

Survey research allows researchers to collect data on a large sample of participants, making it easier to measure the strength of the relationship between variables.

Question 6

The closer in value a correlation coefficient is to zero, the stronger the relationship.

Accepted Answer

The closer in value a correlation coefficient is to zero, the weaker the relationship. A value of 0 indicates no relationship at all.

Question 7

Dr. Ireland deliberately varied the imageability of items on a list and later measured participants' recall of the items. Dr. Ireland conducted a(n) ___________ study.

Accepted Answer

Dr. Ireland intentionally manipulated the independent variable (imageability) and measured its effect on the dependent variable (recall), indicating an experimental study design.

Question 8

Describe the difference between a negative and positive correlation.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Describe the difference between a negative and...

Question 9

The value of a perfect positive relationships is __________,

Accepted Answer

The answer of The value of a perfect positive relationships...

Question 10

Experimental research requires that the responses of ________ group(s) be examined.

Accepted Answer

Experimental research involves manipulating an independent variable and examining its effect on a dependent variable. This requires comparing the responses of at least two groups: the experimental group, which receives the independent variable, and the control group, which does not. By comparing the responses of these two groups, researchers can determine the effect of the independent variable on the dependent variable.

Question 11

Why are control groups included in experiments?

Accepted Answer

Control groups are included in experiments primarily to ascertain cause-and-effect relationships by providing a baseline against which the effects of the experimental manipulation can be measured.

Question 12

Random assignment:

Accepted Answer

Random assignment is a method of assigning participants to different groups in a study. While it helps to minimize differences between the groups, it does not guarantee complete elimination of differences. Random assignment simply ensures that any differences between the groups are due to chance rather than any systematic bias.

Question 13

Dr. Estefan prepares a set of questions to ask college students about their drinking behavior and their attitudes toward alcohol. Dr. Estefan is undertaking:

Accepted Answer

Dr. Estefan is preparing a set of questions to ask students, which is a survey, making A the correct choice. A case study involves in-depth analysis of one individual or a small group. Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural setting without any intervention. Experimental research involves manipulating an independent variable and observing its effects on a dependent variable, which is not what Dr. Estefan is doing.

Question 14

Without statistics, researchers would not know if their original hypotheses were valid.

Accepted Answer

Statistics help researchers to analyze and interpret data, which is essential in testing their hypotheses and determining if they are valid or not. Without statistical analysis, researchers would not be able to draw accurate conclusions from their data and may not know if their hypotheses are supported or not.

Question 15

Experimental group is to control group as _______ is to ________.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Experimental group is to control group as...

Question 16

Which of the following research methods is CORRECTLY matched with a description?

Accepted Answer

Naturalistic observation involves observing behavior in its natural setting without any manipulation by the researcher. Choice B is describing a survey, choice C is describing experimental research, and choice D is describing a case study.

Question 17

Analyzing data through the use of __________ allows researchers to describe and measure relationships between variables.

Accepted Answer

The answer of Analyzing data through the use of __________...

Question 18

Which of the following values indicates that there is no relationship between two variables?

Accepted Answer

A correlation coefficient of 0.00 indicates that there is no linear relationship between the two variables.

Question 19

A pharmaceutical company wishes to test the efficacy of a new anti-depressant using a double-blind procedure. Which alternative CORRECTLY describes the procedure the company would use?

Accepted Answer

In a double-blind procedure, neither the research assistants nor the participants know who is receiving the active drug and who is receiving the placebo. This helps to eliminate bias and increase the validity of the study. Therefore, option B is the correct procedure that the company would use.

Question 20

Survey is to case study as _______ is to __________.

Accepted Answer

A survey typically involves many participants, while a case study focuses on one participant or a small group.

Quiz 2: Psychology As a Science